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Influence of Radiation Emitted by Communication Network Masks on Environmental Radiation Level at Ikot Ekpene, Nigeria

Nwokolo Samuel Chukwwujindu¹, Etukudo Emmanuel Ime²

¹Department of Physics, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

²Department of Physics, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

nwokolosc@stud.unical.edu.ng

Abstract: The experiment was carried out to determine the influence of communication network mask on environmental radiation levels at Ikot-Ekpene from a set radiometric classified data. A typical portable Inspector Alert TM Nuclear Radiation Monitor was employed to measure the level of radiation at a distance of 0.03m above the ground surface and 1.5m away from the mobile phone based masks. Since radioactivity measurement or process is statistical, 130 readings were taken on each mobile phone based mask, average and error of the readings were obtained. IBM SPSS version 21 was employed to evaluate the average, standard error, regression coefficients, coefficient of correlation and coefficient of determination. The result which is comparable to those reported for environs in Nigeria’s revealed that the annual effective dose equivalent dose is minimal when compared to Nigeria’s average and the world maximum permissible dose level. The correlation analysis result reveals that the ionization radiation emitted by the communication network mask influences the background radiation and total ecosystem and general environment negatively. From the result of this radiometric survey of communication network mask and its background radiation show that the level of equivalent dose are both below the stipulated maximum permissible dose level given by the regulatory and control agencies locally and internationally thus, does not pose serious threat of radiological and environmental health hazards on the inhabitants of the community, but no matter how low, all levels of radiation still constitutes a hazard.

[Nwokolo SC, Etukudo EI. Influence of Radiation Emitted by Communication Network Masks on Environmental Radiation Level at Ikot Ekpene, Nigeria. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):1-5]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 1. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.01.

Key words: Background radiation; Ionization radiation; Equivalent dose; Effective dose; Environment

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Results Of Research On Earth Sciences

Gangadhara Rao Irlapati

H.No.5-30-4/1, Saibaba Nagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad – 500 055, Telangana State, INDIA

Email ID: scientistgangadhar@gmail.com

Abstract: Earth Science is an all-embracing term for the sciences related to the plant earth. The earth science include the study of the atmosphere, oceans and biosphere, as well as the solid earth. It is broader term than geosciences because it includes as pects of planetary science, which is part of astronomy. I have conduced many researches on the Earth Science and invented some related discoveries & inventions which may also be useful in understanding the extent of the use of Earth Science.

[Gangadhara Rao Irlapati. Results Of Research On Earth Sciences. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):6-43]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 2. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.02.

Key Words: Geoscope, Indian Monsoon, Cyclones

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Model of Contingency Strategic Management in higher Education

Hoseyn Hatami

Department of Management, Islamic Azad University, Sarvestan Branch, Sarvestan, Iran

hoseyn.hatami@gmail.com

Abstract: Traditional concept of management is not as efficient as before in order to manage present organizations. In other words, characteristics of the present era have made “management” meaning different; a new concept which is used in frame of “strategic management” instead of traditional management. In this research we response to these questions: How is the operation of higher education system at the present?, Regarding to university perspective, duties and goals, what is the principals’ and university professors’ idea about the operation of higher education system?, What is the principals’ and university professors’ idea about existing threatens and opportunities, affect higher education system?, What is the principals’ and university professors’ idea about strength points and weak points, existing in inner environment, affect higher education system?, According to present situation, which model of strategic management approach could be offered? and, What is principals’, university professors’ and professionals’ idea about the offered model?

[Hoseyn Hatami. Model of Contingency Strategic Management in higher Education. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):44-56]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 3. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.03.

Keywords: Contingency strategic management; higher education; organizations; management; traditional management

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Determination of the Best Irrigation withholding Time in Four Rice Varieties

Naser mohammadian roshan*, Ebrahim Amiri, Maral Moradi, Ebrahim Azarpour

Department of Agriculture, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran

P.O. Box 1616

Abstract: In order to determine the best Irrigation withholding time in four variety of Rice an experiment in Factorial statistical format based on complete Randomized block design was conducted. This experiment took place in national Rice Research Institute situated in Rasht township (Guilan province, north Iran) in 2008. First factor included four rice variety (v₁=Khazar variety, v₂=Sepeed Roud variety, v₃= Hassani variety, and v₄= Binaam variety). The second factor included three drought period (d₁ =One week after flowering, d₂=Two weeks after flowering, d₃= Three weeks after flowering). The Statistical analysis results almost in most measured traits was showed significant difference in 1% and 5% probability level. The highest grain yield with 5635.8 kg/ha was obtained of Sepeed Roud variety. Also the interaction effect of V₂d₃ with 6000 kg/ha was recorded the maximum grain yield. But since one of the goals for conducting this project is to determine a variety with short- water- necessity period in water deficiency years for cultivation, it is recommended that V₂d₁ level with Grain yield of 5325 Kg/ha is used even though for cultivation it has a lower yield.

[Naser mohammadian roshan, Ebrahim Amiri, Maral Moradi, Ebrahim Azarpour. Determination of the Best Irrigation withholding Time in Four Rice Varieties at Guilan Paddy Fields. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):57-61]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 4. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.04.

Keywords: rice varieties, Irrigation withholding time, yield, yields components, Iran.

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Investigating the present procedure in return to play after injury in athletes of football primary league in Iran

Elahe Azadian¹, Mahdi Majlesi¹, Lotfollah Karimi²

¹Department of Physical Education and sport science, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan branch, Hamedan, Iran;

²English department, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan branch, Hamedan, Iran;

Elahe Azadian, email: azadian11@yahoo.com

Abstract: For many injured athletes, a safe and successful return to play following injury is the ultimate aim of injury recovery. The aim of this study is to investigate the present procedure in return to play after injury in athletes of football primary league in Iran. The participants in the present study were trainers‚ coaches‚ physicians, and Physiotherapists of football primary leagues in 2010-2011. 53 persons (73%) responded the sent questionnaire. To achieve the aim of the research Beardmore (2005) questionnaire was used based on: the decision about the time a person can return to the competition. The results of this study show that full recovery was not always deemed necessary before a player returned to training and competition, and set procedures were not always communicated or followed. Despite the high profile given to ‘fitness testing’, this element did not rank highly as return to play criteria.

[Elahe Azadian, Mahdi Majlesi, Lotfollah Karimi. Investigating the present procedure in return to play after injury in athletes of football primary league in Iran. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):62-66]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 5. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.05.

Key words: Injury, Football primary league, Decision-making

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A New Method for Simulation and Modeling of Unified Power Quality Conditioner

Y. Hoseynpoor, T. Pirzadeh Ashraf, Sh. Sajedi, T. Karimi

Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran

Yaser.hoseynpoor@gmail.com

Abstract: Power quality problems have received a great attention nowadays because of their economical impacts on both utilities and customers. The current harmonics is the most common problem of power quality, while voltage sags is the most severe. Unified power quality conditioner (UPQC), known as universal power quality conditioner, can mitigate the power supply distortion and eliminate the load harmonic current at the same time in power systems. The performance of UPQC mainly depends upon how quickly and accurately compensation signals are derived. The steady state and dynamic operation of control circuit in different load current and/or utility voltages conditions is studied through simulation results. The presented method has acceptable dynamic response with a very simple configuration of control circuit. The capacity of series and shunt inverters is calculated through loading calculations of these inverters applying phasor diagram to increase the design accuracy. The results of simulation in MATLAB/SIMULINK software show that the system operates correctly.

[Y. Hoseynpoor, T. Pirzadeh Ashraf, Sh. Sajedi, T. Karimi. A New Method for Simulation and Modeling of Unified Power Quality Conditioner. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):67-73]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 6. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.06.

Keywords: Active power filter, power quality, unified power quality conditioner, synchronous reference frame theory, inverter loading

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Direct Boundary Element Method for Calculation of Oseen Flow Past a Circular Cylinder in Case of Linear Variation

Ghulam Muhammad¹, Nawazish Ali Shah², and Muhammad Mushtaq²

¹Department of Mathematics, GCS, Lahore, Pakistan

²Department of Mathematics, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore – 54890, Pakistan

* Corresponding Author: g_muhammad123@hotmail.com

Abstract: In present paper, direct boundary element method (DBEM) has been applied to calculate Oseen flow past a circular cylinder in case of linear variation. The boundary of the circular cylinder is discretized into constant boundary elements over which the velocity distribution is calculated. The calculated results are also compared with exact results.

[Ghulam Muhammad, Nawazish Ali Shah, and Muhammad Mushtaq. Direct Boundary Element Method for Calculation of Oseen Flow Past a Circular Cylinder in Case of Linear Variation. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):74-81]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 7. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.07.

Keywords: Direct boundary element method, Oseen flow, Circular cylinder, Linear variation.

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Comparative Study of Practical Methods for Reducing the Vulnerability of the Earthquake in Iran and the World

Vahid-Reza Mardani¹, Elham Amini², Saeed Hashemi Tabatabaei^3, Maryam Brumand⁴

^1. PhD student in Urban Design, National Academy of Science in Armenia

^2. PhD in Urban Planning, Assistant Professor, and Head of the Department of Urban Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Pardis Branch. Tehran, Iran

^3. PhD in Geotechnique, Faculty Member of Road, Housing 1nd Urban Development Research Center, Tehran, Iran

^4. MA in Urban Planning, Lecturer at the Department of Urban Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Pardis Branch and Member of the Young Researcher Club in the Central Branch of the Islamic Azad University. Tehran, Iran

maryambromand371@yahoo.com

Abstract: Earthquake is known as one of the most destructive natural phenomena that causes a wide range of disasters: irrespective of the economic losses that are inflicted on the city, and in a smaller scale on the citizens, the human losses, and also the psychological problems caused by the death of the relatives, homelessness and insecurity are all known as a crisis caused by earthquake. Since it is impossible to prevent earthquake, we should look for proper approaches to confront this phenomenon. More importantly, surveying the features and the characteristics of the cities should be carried out as the basis of preventive actions towards earthquake because if we suppose the seismic intensity to be equal, it’s the urban features and structures that can change a natural phenomenon to a human catastrophe. The present article aims to survey the most significant global and national experiences related to decreasing the vulnerabilities to earthquakes, and also re-defining the set of urban-designing approaches in order to reduce damages of earthquakes. Based on the given data, the research method is qualitative and attributive. The results show that the global experiences put emphasis on city texture, including open spaces, the connection network, and physical structures, while in Iran, irrespective of the studies by the JICA group, most of the assaying and damage-decreasing modeling cases have been performed in terms of single-structures and the social features have been ignored. Finally, we should say that, just in the circumstances that we set the plans of “urban-safety against earthquake” as a goal in all the stages of planning, especially the urban planning programs, we would be able to reduce the vulnerability of the cities toward seismic problems.

[Vahid-Reza Mardani, Elham Amini, Saeed Hashemi Tabatabaei, Maryam Brumand. Comparative Study of Practical Methods for Reducing the Vulnerability of the Earthquake in Iran and the World. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):82-88]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 8. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.08.

Keywords: Earthquake, Vulnerability, Urban Planning, Global studies.

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Measuring the Impact of TQM Practices on the Organizational Performance: Mediation and Moderation Effects

Tahir Iqbal¹, Bilal Ahmad Khan², Dr Nawar Khan¹, Dr. Shamim Sahibzada²

¹National University of Science and Technology (NUST) Islamabad, Pakistan

²SZABIST, Islamabad, Pakistan.

tahirse6393@gmail.com

Abstract: Total Quality Management (TQM) is a unified organizational setting to improve the quality at every function and level of organisation. The objective of this study is to measure the effect of TQM practices on the performance of the telecom sector of Pakistan. Telecom sector is continuously striving to improve the quality of its services and business objectives. A conceptual framework model to investigate the said impact is developed and tested. The results are based on a survey instrument developed through an extensive literature review. To analyze the complex relationship between the variables, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) methodology was employed. The data collected from 212 respondents was used to test the model by using AMOS 16. Analysis of the data supports a strong and positive association between the TQM practices and quality performance, innovation performance and organization performance (OP) respectively. This study found that innovation performance has partial mediating impact between TQM and OP. Moreover, culture of support has a moderating role in the relationship between TQM practices and the OP.

[Tahir Iqbal, Bilal Ahmad Khan, Dr Nawar Khan, Dr. Shamim Sahibzada. Measuring the Impact of TQM Practices on the Organizational Performance: Mediation and Moderation Effects. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):89-101]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 9. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.09.

Key Words: Total Quality Management (TQM), Quality Performance (QP), Innovation Performance (IP), Organization Performance (OP), Culture of Support (CS).

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Law & Ethics Of Organ Donations In Islam

Dr. Sana Sheikh

sanashaikh@gmail.com, Ssanaa86@aol.com

Abstract: Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. stated, “many ideas grow better when transplanted into another mind than in the one where they sprung up”.( Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., Motivational and Inspirational Quotes Collection (2002), http://www.inspirational-quotes.info/ (last visited on Feb. 2, 2011) The issue of human organ donation and transplantation continues to present a vexing problem for ethicists, philosophers, the medical profession, economists, politicians, jurists, religious leaders and academia. Many convincing arguments have been put forth for and against the “commoditization of the human body.” The consistent unbalance between the availability of organ donors in comparison to those in need has once again moved this issue to the forefront of social dialogue. The development and advancement of medical procedures and the increased accessibility in Muslim countries to such procedures has also brought this topic to the forefront of Islamic debate. To thoroughly understand the problems posed by organ donation and transplanting in the Muslim community, an analysis of the underlying principles is warranted.

[Dr. Sana Sheikh. Law & Ethics Of Organ Donations In Islam. Academ Arena 2017;9(2):102-110]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 10. doi:10.7537/marsaaj090217.10.

Keywords: Ethics in Islam, Organ Donations, Laws for Organ donations, Islam and Organ Donations

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