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Corporate Social Responsibility and Research Support in Tertiary Education in Imo State, Nigeria

Kelechi Augusta Ihedimbu, C. M. Uche and C. Amini Philips

Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

noblekelechi@gmail.com; +234(0)8063545720

Abstract: This study examined the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and research support in tertiary education in Imo State, Nigeria. To guide the study, descriptive survey design was adopted. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided this study. The population of the study comprised all the 5 tertiary educational institutions in Imo State. A sample size of 325 academic staff and 445 administrative staff were drawn using purposive sampling technique. The research instruments used to elicit information from the respondents were document analysis and twenty-four itemed questionnaire titled “Corporate Social Responsibility on Research Inventory Questionnaire” (CSRORIQ). The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through test re-test method which gave a reliability coefficient value of 0.76. Mean Scores, Standard Deviation and Rank Order Scores were the statistical tools used to answer the research questions while z-test was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed among others the areas which corporate organizations could contribute to research support in tertiary education include provision of; funds, materials and resource persons. The findings also revealed that the extent to which corporate organizations contribute to research support through provision of funds, materials and resource persons in tertiary educational institutions in Imo State is very low. It was recommended among others that corporate organizations should be contributing to research support in tertiary educational institutions so as to contribute to the development of the society where they are operating.

[Kelechi Augusta Ihedimbu, C. M. Uche and C. Amini Philips. Corporate Social Responsibility and Research Support in Tertiary Education in Imo State, Nigeria. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):1-9]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 1. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.01.

Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, research support, tertiary education, Imo State.

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Determination of the Photon Force and Power

Manjunath. R

#16/1, 8th Main Road, Shivanagar, Rajajinagar, Bangalore560010, Karnataka, India

*Corresponding Author Email: manjunath5496@gmail.com

Abstract: Photons, like all elementary particles, exhibit both wave –like and particle -like properties. The dual nature of photons can be visualized through their interaction with other particles. The photons possess momentum; carry mass during its motion. Hence they also exert force and pressure on other elementary particles. This article describes an equation to measure the force exerted by photon and thus show that photon power is proportional to the force exerted by the photon.

[Manjunath. R. Determination of the Photon Force and Power. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):10-10]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 2. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.02.

Keywords: speed of light, momentum, photon, electron, energy, force and time

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Corporate Social Responsibility and Research Support in Tertiary Education in Imo State, Nigeria

Kelechi Augusta Ihedimbu, C. M. Uche and C. Amini Philips

Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Education, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

noblekelechi@gmail.com; +234(0)8063545720

Abstract: This study examined the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and research support in tertiary education in Imo State, Nigeria. To guide the study, descriptive survey design was adopted. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided this study. The population of the study comprised all the 5 tertiary educational institutions in Imo State. A sample size of 325 academic staff and 445 administrative staff were drawn using purposive sampling technique. The research instruments used to elicit information from the respondents were document analysis and twenty-four itemed questionnaire titled “Corporate Social Responsibility on Research Inventory Questionnaire” (CSRORIQ). The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through test re-test method which gave a reliability coefficient value of 0.76. Mean Scores, Standard Deviation and Rank Order Scores were the statistical tools used to answer the research questions while z-test was used to test the null hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed among others the areas which corporate organizations could contribute to research support in tertiary education include provision of; funds, materials and resource persons. The findings also revealed that the extent to which corporate organizations contribute to research support through provision of funds, materials and resource persons in tertiary educational institutions in Imo State is very low. It was recommended among others that corporate organizations should be contributing to research support in tertiary educational institutions so as to contribute to the development of the society where they are operating.

[Ihedimbu, K. A., C. M. Uche and C. Amini Philips. Corporate Social Responsibility and Research Support in Tertiary Education in Imo State, Nigeria. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):11-19]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 3. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.03.

Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, research support, tertiary education, Imo State.

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Corporate Governance and Executive Remuneration in Malaysia

Maryam Taghizadeh

Master of business administration (MBA) Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia

Abstract: This paper briefly discusses the corporate governance and directors’ remuneration as being practiced by five different ASEAN countries i.e. Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand. Governance is about how an entity is being directed and controlled, while corporate governance is about a system, procedure or mechanism of balancing between directing and controlling business entities’ internal matters and the demand of their external shareholders and stakeholders. The paper summarizes the development of corporate governance and directors’ remuneration in these countries. An attempt has also been made to highlight issues regarding the need of disclosure of individual director’s remuneration, the need of shareholders’ approval on directors’ remuneration, the need of shareholders’ approval on stock based incentive plan, approval of directors’ remuneration by a committee at board level, the separation of role of the Chairmen of Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officers, and the recommended maximum length of period offered to directors. It later focuses on the progress made by these countries in further uplifting their corporate governance practices. The paper also examines some arising pertinent and puts forth some recommendations on how the future direction of the development of corporate governance in ASEAN countries with respect to directors’ remuneration shall take shape.

[Maryam Taghizadeh. Corporate Governance and Executive Remuneration in Malaysia. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):20-27]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 4. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.04.

Keywords: Corporate Governance, Executive, Director’s Remuneration, CEO, BOD

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Genetically Enhanced Stem Cell Research Literatures

Mark Herbert, PhD

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, NY 11354, USA, ma8080@gmail.com

Abstract: Stem cells are derived from embryonic and non-embryonic tissues. Most stem cell studies are for animal stem cells and plants have also stem cell. Stem cells were discovered in 1981 from early mouse embryos. Stem cells have the potential to develop into all different cell types in the living body. Stem cell is a body repair system. When a stem cell divides it can be still a stem cell or become adult cell, such as a brain cell. Stem cells are unspecialized cells and can renew themselves by cell division, and stem cells can also differentiate to adult cells with special functions. Stem cells replace the old cells and repair the damaged tissues. Embryonic stem cells can become all cell types of the body because they are pluripotent. Adult stem cells are thought to be limited to differentiating into different cell types of their tissue of origin. This article introduces recent research reports as references in the related studies.

[Mark Herbert, PhD. Genetically Enhanced Stem Cell Research Literatures. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):28-64]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 5. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.05.

Key words: stem cell; life; research; literature; genetically enhanced

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The examination of NATO’s role in the recent changes in Libya

Hemmat Imani¹, Hamed Shahraki², Jafar Khashe Abdoli³, Mahboobe Hemmati⁴

^1. Department of Economical and political studies, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

^2. Department of Law and political Studies, Alame Tabatabaii University, Tehran, Iran

^3. Department of Law and political Studies, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

^4. Department of Law and political Studies, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

hemmat.imani@gmail.com

Abstract: The present research investigates the role played by NATO in the recent changes in Libya and downfall of Ghazafi. Owing to newness of the issue no comprehensive study has been conducted to account for the details of the role of NATO. Therefore, the present research can be regarded as the start of the studies aimed at the issue. The main research question of the study is that to what extent did the interference of NATO influence the in the recent changes in Libya and downfall of Ghazafi? We hypothesize that without the interference of NATO the downfall of Ghazafi could not be expected at least in that short period of time. In fact, the interference of NATO accelerated the downfall of Ghazafi. To test the hypothesis, the conceptual framework of the study will be clarified. In this regard, philanthropist interference, support accountability will be explored. In the forthcoming section, the conditions of NATO will be explained. And finally, in the last section, the findings and their implications will be presented.

[Hemmat Imani, Hamed Shahraki, Jafar Khashe Abdoli, Mahboobe Hemmati. The examination of NATO’s role in the recent changes in Libya. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):65-69]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 6. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.06.

Keywords: philanthropist interference, Libya, accountability to support

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Weighted Fuzzy Possibilistic C-Means Algorithm for Clustering on Web Usage Mining to Discover the User Behavior

J. Vellingiri¹, Dr. S. Chenthur Pandian²

¹Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology, Thottiam, Trichy (Dt) - 621 215, Tamil Nadu, India.

E-mail: vellingiri.research@gmail.com

²Principal, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi-642 003, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract: Websites on the internet are the significant sources of information in our day-to-day activity. Hence, this made an enormous growth of World Wide Web in to amount of traffic, its size and complexity of websites. Web Usage Mining (WUM) is one of the major applications of data mining, artificial intelligence and so on to the web data to predict the user’s visiting behaviour and obtain their interest by analyzing the patterns. Weblog is one of the major sources which contain all the information regarding the users visited links, browsing patterns and time spent on a page or link. This information can be used in several applications like adaptive web sites, personalized services, customer profiling, pre-fetching and creating attractive web sites. WUM consists of preprocessing, pattern discovery and pattern analysis. Log data is typically noisy and unclear, so preprocessing is an essential process for effective mining process. Pattern Discovery step is used in finding the user access patterns from web access log. Clustering is one of the typical algorithms in the field of data mining. The main objective of this paper is to organize a website into a set of clusters, which consists of “similar” data items based on the user behavior and navigation patterns. There are numerous clustering algorithms like K-Means, Possibilistic C-Means, etc., developed by many researchers. In recent times, Fuzzy C-Means is found to be superior as its embedded fuzzy logic. In noisy atmosphere, the memberships of FCM constantly do not correspond well to the degree of belonging of the data, and might be inexact. This paper uses a novel clustering algorithm called Weighted Fuzzy-Possibilistic C-Means (WFPCM) algorithm, which integrates extended partition entropy and inter class resemblance which is computed from the fuzzy set point of view and it needs only the membership matrix and possibilistic matrix, and is free from heavy distance computing. The performance of the proposed research work is evaluated using the parametric standards like accuracy, execution time and convergence behaviour for three data sets namely Anonymous Microsoft Web Dataset, MSNBC.com Anonymous Web Dataset and Real dataset.

[J. Vellingiri, Dr. S. Chenthur Pandian. Weighted Fuzzy Possibilistic C-Means Algorithm for Clustering on Web Usage Mining to Discover the User Behavior. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):70-76]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 7. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.07.

Keywords: Web access log, User access patterns, Knowledge Extraction, Clustering, Possibilistic C-Means, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), and Weighted Fuzzy Possibilistic C-Means (WFPCM)

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The impact of corporate governance on Cost of debt in the Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange

Syedyusuf Ahadiserkani ¹, Iman dadashi ², Hossein farrokhi ^{3, *}

^1.  Department of accounting, Islamic Azad University

^2.  Department of accounting, Islamic Azad University

^3.  Department of management, Firoozkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, firoozkooh, Iran

ms_ahadi@hotmail.com, hosseinfarrokhi@ymail.com

Abstract: Duo to determinant role of corporate governance mechanisms in affairs related to the companies. in this research the affect of some mechanisms on companies debt expense are determined. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of governantial mechanisms like the structure of managing board auditing committee major share holder and institutional share holders. On companies borrowing expense. The research method is correlation and the collected data are examined by statistical methods such as T and PIERSON coefficient. Research hypothesis collected by information got from financial statements from accepted in Tehran Security Exchange from 2006-2010 and results extracted from research showed that there is not meaningful relationship between governantial firms mechanism and debt expense. This conclusion is anomalous from present theories. But in Iran economic milieu despite of imperative bank interest rate and lacking of other financing tools like debenture bonds, the mentioned result seems logical.

[Syedyusuf Ahadiserkani, Iman dadashi, Hossein farrokhi. The impact of corporate governance on Cost of debt in the Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):77-83]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 8. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.08.

Keywords: Corporate Governance, Structure Of Managing, Board Auditing Committee, Major Shareholder, Institutional Shareholder, Debt Expense

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Consideration of Relationship Between the Dimensions of Organizational Culture and Dimensions of Knowledge Management in Tehran Government Suspended of Iran. (Case Study)

Farshad Hajalian¹, Fahimeh Parsaeemehr²

^1. Department of Management, Firoozkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh, Iran

^2. Master of Industrial Management, Firoozkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Firoozkooh, Iran

F_Hajalian@yahoo.com, F.parsaeemehr@yahoo.com

Abstract: In this research, the relation between the organizational culture and knowledge management in Tehran government suspended was studied. According to the importance of knowledge management, we studied the status of the mentioned organization in this regard. For this purpose, the cultural components related to this organization were investigated and after evaluating different factors and models, Hofstede’s cultural model was chose which consists of four dimensions of power distance, uncertainty avoidance, collectivism/individualism and, masculinity/femininity. In addition, for evaluating the current status of knowledge management, HicKs’s knowledge management model with four dimensions of knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, knowledge maintenance and knowledge application was used. For 60-person population, 50 questionnaires were prepared as samples based on Morgan's table. The answers in the questionnaires were extracted and interpreted based on descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS software. Accordingly, the research hypotheses which consist of one major hypothesis and 16 secondary hypotheses were studied. Subsequently, the research hypotheses were verified by the Spirman's correlation test and their meaningfulness were proved. It was observed that, three cultural dimensions: power distance, collectivism/individualism and masculinity/femininity have a direct relation with dimensions of knowledge management (knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, and knowledge maintenance and knowledge application).

[Farshad Hajalian, Fahimeh Parsaeemehr. Consideration of Relationship Between the Dimensions of Organizational Culture and Dimensions of Knowledge Management in Tehran Government Suspended of Iran. (Case Study). Academ Arena 2018;10(10):84-95]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 9. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.09.

Keywords: Organizational Culture Hofstede, Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Collectivism/Individualism, Masculinity/Femininity, Knowledge Management HicKs, Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Transfer, Knowledge Maintenance, Knowledge Application

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基于用户体验的移动阅读付费意愿研究

刘一鸣, 谢泽杭

湘潭大学公共管理学院，湘潭，411105，中国

电话：13873218210电子邮箱：2376127@qq.com

摘要：在越来越重视用户体验的当下，移动阅读平台通过优化用户体验达到提高用户付费意愿的目的，从而实现盈利。采用问卷调查法，构建用户体验和付费意愿之间的关系模型，通过社会科学统计软件SPSS对收集的数据进行因子分析和相关性分析，得到易得性、易用性、有用性和交互性与付费意愿成正相关的结论，在此基础上提出移动阅读付费意愿提升策略，以期对移动阅读运营商的实际操作有借鉴意义。

关键词：用户体验；移动阅读；付费意愿

Research on Mobile Reading Payment Willingness Based on User Experience

Liu Yiming, XieZehang

School of Public Administration, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, China

13873218210; 2376127@qq.com

Abstract: Nowadays, mobile reading platformattaches more and more importance to user experience, and it achieve the goal of improving users' willingness to pay by improving user experience so as to achieve profitability. A questionnaire survey method was used to build a relationship model between the user experience and the willingness to pay, and the data collected by the social science statistical software SPSS was used for factor analysis and correlation analysis to obtain accessibility, ease of use, usefulness, and interactivity. The willingness to pay is positively related. Based on this, it proposes a strategy to increase the willingness of users to pay for mobile reading, in the hope of providing reference for the practical operation of mobile reading operators.

[刘一鸣, 谢泽杭. 基于用户体验的移动阅读付费意愿研究. Academ Arena 2018;10(10):96-101]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 10. doi:10.7537/marsaaj101018.10.

Key words: user experience; mobile reading; willingness to pay

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