Nature and Science ISSN: 1545-0740 Volume 8 - Number 6 (Cumulated No. 39), June 1, 2010 Cover Page, Introduction, Contents, Call for Papers, All in one file Welcome to send your manuscript(s) to: editor@sciencepub.net.
CONTENTS
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SOME PECULIAR STRUCTURES IN BERGENIA
SPECIES GROWING IN WESTERN HIMALAYA
SANYUKTA CHOWDHARY* AND K. R. VERMA
Department of Botany, Kumaun
University, S. S. J. Campus Almora.
Uttaranchal. India
hellosanyukta28@gmail.com
ABSTRACT: Some peculiar structures at the
petiolar region of Bergenia species are described.
Presence of hood like structure at petiole region is one of the
chief diagnostic characters in all the three species of Bergenia
i.e., Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb., B. ligulata
(Wall.) Engl. L., B. stracheyi (Hook. F. &
Thoms) Engl. found in Western Himalaya. [Nature and Science
2010;8(6):1-4]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords:
petiolar region; Bergenia species; Bergenia ciliate; Himalaya
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Studies on Sources of
Bee-forage for Rock Bee (Apis dorsata F.) from Garhwal
Himalaya, India: A Melissopalynologaical Approach
Prabhawati Tiwari1, Jay
Krishan Tiwari1, Radha Ballabha1
1 Department of Botany, HNB Garhwal University Srinagar
Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246 174, India
Authors
E-mail:
ptiwari29@rediffmail.com, jktiwari31@rediffmail.com, radhekuniyal.2007@rediffmail.com
Abstract:
Rock bee, Apis
dorsata F. is the best honey gatherer and important
pollinator among the Indian honey bees. While other bees stop
their work during night, rock bees are the only bees that work
during full moon night to collect nectar and pollen. Seeing the
role of rock bees in meeting the honey demand in the country;
it was aimed to study the forage of this group of bees on the
basis of Melissopalynologaical analysis. The study was
conducted in Garhwal Himalaya, India. Pollen analysis of 21
samples of rock bee honey was made to work out the rock bee
flora on the basis of pollen morphology, composition and
percentage of pollen present in honey. Methodology suggested by
International Commission for Bee Botany (Louveaux et al., 1978) was
followed. The pollen analysis revealed the members of family
Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, Betulaceae, Myrtaceae, Rosaceae and
Rubiaceae as pre-dominant and Acanthaceae, Balsaminaceae,
Lamiaceae, Onagraceae, Ericaceae, Polygonaceae and Hippocastanaceae
as secondary source of pollen. The species of Echinops, Scurulla, Dipsacus, Sedum, Citrus, Juglans, Bombax, Geranium and Plectranthus have
emerged as important minor pollen types. [Nature and Science 2010;8(6):5-15]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
Key words: Garhwal Himalaya, Bee forage
plants, Apis dorsata,
Melissopalynology
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An Assessment of Fluid Inclusions Composition Using the
Raman Spectroscopy at Daleishan Goldfield, Dawu County, Hubei Province, P.R. China
Diarra Karim 1, Hanlie Hong 2
1. China University of Geosciences,
Wuhan, 430074, China
2. Faculty of Earth
Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074 (Hubei province), China
bn_cogem@yahoo.fr
Abstract: The
purpose was to assess fluid inclusions composition in the
Goldfield, Hubei province, China. The laser Raman spectroscopy
was used as an analytical tool. The results show that water and
carbon dioxide (∼70 %), and quartz (∼10 %) are the primary and secondary
compositions of most of the inclusions, respectively. A number
of three phase inclusions were low and inclusion size varies
from 1 to 27µm. The density of CO2 fluid inclusions measured in
quartz mineral varied from 0.61 to 0.96 g/cm3. No traces of
other gases such as hydrogen (H2), ethylene (C2H2), ethene
(C2H4), benzene (C6H6), hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and carbon
monoxide (CO) were observed, confirming epithermal origin of
the deposit (quartz ± calcite± adularia ± illite assemblage).
In Daleishan goldfield, according to inclusion composition,
vapor and liquid may be main agent transports for gold in
epithermal systems as well as for silver. [Nature and Science
2010;8(6):16-22]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: Auriferous veins, Raman spectroscopy,
inclusions fluids, Daleishan Goldfield, quartz
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Effects of Different Filler Treatments on the
Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Flexible Polyurethane
Foam Composites
Ganiyu
Kayode Latinwo*1, David Stan Aribike 2,
Alfred Akpoveta Susu2, Semiu Adebayo Kareem3
1.
Department
of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of
Technology, P.M.B. 4000, Ogbomoso, 210001, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2.
Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
State, Nigeria.
3. Department
of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Technology,
Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
kayodelatinwo@yahoo.com,
Abstract: A
discontinuous foaming process has been employed to investigate
the effects of two types of fillers – calcite (CaCO3)
and dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2) on the
morphological and mechanical properties of flexible
polyurethane foam. The particle sizes of the fillers: 6 nm,
3.5µm, and 0.84 mm vary from composition ranges of 0 – 40
wt%. Indentation hardness, Tensile strength, and Elongation at
break of the polyurethane composites were examined as a
function of the filler content in the polyurethane matrix. It
was found that the influence of the fillers on the Indentation
hardness of polyurethane composite depend strongly on the
content and particle size of the fillers. The addition of
filler of upto 20 – 35wt% and of nanosizes improves the
Indentation hardness of the foam much more than the micro- and
macro-scaled fillers. The tensile strength and elongation at
break were however, reduced with an increasing amount of filler
in the polyurethane matrix for all particle sizes.
Morphological examination of the foam revealed that the cell
geometry characteristics exert a significant influence on the
observed mechanical characteristics. [Nature and Science
2010;8(6):23-26]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words: Polyurethane; calcite; dolomite;
Indentation hardness; tensile strength; elongation at break
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The value of transdermal Glyceryl
Trinitrate in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis in
comparison to Octreotide and Diclofenac injection.
Ehab Nashaat
,MD,Hoda Al-Tayeb Naser,MD,
Magdy Galal ,MD Noha El-Nakeeb, MD.
Internal
Medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University,
Cairo.
ehabnashaat@hotmail.com
Abstract: Background: Post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP)
is the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). A universally
applicable, inexpensive, effective and safe intervention that
ameliorates this complication has not yet been identified.
Various forms of pharmacologic prophylaxis have demonstrated
modest reduction in PEP in some randomized controlled trials.
Glyceryl trinitrate is an inexpensive and easily administered
agent. Octreotide have shown encouraging results. Aim of the
study: To study the effect of Glyceryl trinitrate in
the prevention of PEP in comparison to Octreotide and Diclofenac
I.M injection. Also, we aimed to detect the risk factors
associated with PEP. Patients and methods: The study
included 160 patients who were candidates for ERCP and divided
into four groups: Group I: 40 patients who did not receive any
prophylactic drug. Group II: 40 patients received transdermal
Glyceryl trinitrate75 mg. Group III: 40 patients received
Dilofenac75 mg by I.M injection. Group IV: 40 patients received
Octreotide 0.1 mg S.C. injection. ERCP was performed for all
patients by two endoscopists under propofol. Both baseline
serum amylase and lipase were measured. Also, they were
measured 24 hours and 72 hours after ERCP. Results: The
incidence of PEP in our patients was 12.5%. No statistically
significant difference between the study groups as regards this
incidence. Although, there was significant difference between
the groups regarding the cannulation time, duration of the
procedure and difficulty of cannulation, the difference was not
significant on comparing GTN group to the control group
regarding the cannulation technical parameters. Univariate
analysis revealed five risk factors for PEP: non-dilated CBD,
long cannulation time, lengthy procedure, pancreatic duct
visualization and poor drainage of dye. Conclusion: The
used drugs in the study were not effective in the prophylaxis
against PEP. Glyceryl trinitrate may have facilitatory effect
on the cannulation technical parameters but did not reach
statistical significance. Large scale trials are still needed.
[Nature and Science 2010;8(6):27-35]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: transdermal Glyceryl Trinitrate,
post ERCP pancreatitis, octeriotide, diclofenac
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The Effect of Body weight, Percentage
Body fat and Body Mass Index on Adolescent Academic
Performance.
Oyebamiji
Oyedele Oketayo1 *, Joshua Olufemi Ojo2
, Ephriam Peter Inyang1, Raphael Adewale Adenodi1,
Francis Omowonuola Akinluyi1 and Rufus Temidayo
Akinnubi1
1. Department
of Physics, Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo, 35100, Nigeria.
2. Department of Physics,
Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 220002, Nigeria.
oketayodele06@yahoo.com
Abstract: Studies have been made to evaluate the
nutritional status of 110 Nigerian higher institution Physics
students and compare it with their performances over a period
of one year. Students’ weight, Percentage Body Fat (% BF)
and Body Mass Index (BMI) were measured using Bioimpedance
technique while their performances were determined by finding
the Cumulative Grade Point average (CGPA) for all the courses
offered. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation at
both 0.01 and 0.05 level of significance for all the subjects
(generally) and on the basis of Body Mass Index. While a
significant positive correlation was found between the body fat
and weight with academic performance (r = 0.921, r = 0.885 )
for overweight subjects, a negative significant relationship
was obtained between the adolescent academic performance and
body fat ( r = - 0.920) as well as body weight (r = - 0.954)
for the obese . The results show that the academic performance
of the obese adolescents can strongly be influenced by their
body fat and weight after controlling for unobserved
heterogeneity. The finding indicates that adolescent obesity
may have adverse academic consequences. Thus targeting obesity
reduction policies may not only improve health outcomes but
also have a positive impact on improving their academic
performance and human capital accumulation. [Nature and Science
2010;8(6):36-42]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: percentage body fat ; body mass
index ; adolescent academic performance
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Non-Endoscopic
Predictors of Esophageal Varices and Portal Hypertensive
Gastropathy
Ehab H. Nashaat, Hossam Abd-Elaziz & Manal Sabry
Internal Medicine Departement,Ain Shams University
ehabnashaat@hotmail.com
Abstract: Liver
cirrhosis has been associated with portal hypertension as a
common complication with subsequent development of esophageal varices
(OV) and portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG). Screening
endoscopy repeated at certain intervals had been suggested for
early detection and evaluation of progression of OV and PHG in
cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension .However that approach
had its limitations being an invasive technique and its cost-
effectiveness was graded. Our study was undertaken to identify
and evaluate non –invasive parameters as predictors of OV
and PHG in cirrhotic patients. Methods: Fifty patients
was in rolled in this study diagnosed as cases of liver
cirrhosis with no past history of gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
bleeding, all patients had complete blood count, liver profile
(Alanine transferase (ALT), Aspartate Transferase (AST),
s.Albumin and s. Bilirubin), Abdominal ultrasound[ for portal
vein diameter (PVD)., splenic bipolar diameter, and
Ascites),Platelet count/Splenic diameter ratio and upper
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT )endoscopy for evaluation of the
presence and grade of OV and PHG . Results: The
study showed that OV grade had a significant inverse
correlation (P<0.05) with WBCs count, Platelets count as well as Platelet
count/Splenic diameter ratio and a positive significant
correlation (P<0.05) with Mean splenic bipolar
diameter(MSBD), PVD ,and Child Pugh's classification grade. Conclusion:
Platelet count, MSBD, PVD, and Platelet count/ Splenic diameter
ratio can be used as non-invasive predictors of OV in patients
with liver cirrhosis. [Nature
and Science 2010;8(6):43-50]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
KEY WORDS: esophageal
varices, portal gastropathy,platelet/spleen ratio, PVD
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Assessment of Water Quality of Bennithora River in
Karnataka through Multivariate Analysis
Sukarma Thareja1*,
Priyanka Trivedi1
1Department of Chemistry,
Christ Church College, CSJM Kanpur University, UP, India
*E-mail address: sukarmathareja@hotmail.com
Abstract: The
evaluation of river water quality is a critical element in the assessment
of water resources. The objective was to identify
physico-chemical parameters that are less important in
assessing annual variations of river water quality. Eight
physico-chemical parameters were used for monitoring river
water quality from June (2005) to May (2006) for Bennithora
River (Krishna Basin) near Gulbarga city of Karnataka state in
India and they were selected for the purpose of the study.
Significant variations among the parameters and interesting
correlations were observed throughout the period of study.
Multivariate technique, Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to evaluate the
annual correlation of water quality parameters. Results show
that 5 physico-chemical parameters are identified as less
important in explaining the annual variance of the data set,
and therefore could be the non-principal parameters (Water
temperature, pH, total alkalinity, Cl2, NH4_N).
This study suggests that PCA technique is useful tool for
identification of non-principal water quality physico-chemical
parameters. The outcome of this study also shows that there is
a potential for improving the efficiency and economy of the
monitoring network in the Bennithora River by reducing the number of
physico-chemical parameters from 8 to 3. This reduction may
result in significant cost saving without sacrificing important
water quality data. [Nature and Science 2010;8(6):51-56].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: pollution, Monitoring River water quality,
Principal Component analysis
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Traditional uses of medicinal plants
of Pauri Garhwal, Uttrakhand
Nazir A. Pala,
A. K. Negi, N. P. Todaria
Nazir A. Pala, Research
Scholar. Department of Forestry, Post Box -59, HNB Garhwal
University, Srinager Garhwal-246174, Uttrakhand,
nazirpaul@gmail.com
A. K. Negi, Associate
Professor, Department of Forestry, Post Box -59 HNB Garhwal
University, Srinager Garhwal-246174, Uttrakhand,
aknsilvic@rediffmail.com.
N. P. Todaria, Professor
and Head, Department of Forestry, Post Box -59, HNB Garhwal
University, Srinager-246174, Garhwal Uttrakhand,
nptfd@yahoo.com.
Abstract: The present study was carried out in some
interior areas of Pauri district of Uttrakhand to collect the
information of traditionally used medicinal plants by the
communities. A total of 61 medicinal plants belonging to 28
families were used by local people to cure different diseases. . Out of 61 medicinal plant
species 13 plant species were having roots and rhizomes as
medicinal parts, 7 species containing fruits and flowers as
medicinal value, Whereas 28 plant species were having leaves as
their medicinal plant parts. Almost all these medicinal plants
identified were used to cure human diseases and in which 10
plant species were also used to cure diseases of cattle of the
local communities. Local communities, especially, older
age class, including women heavily use these traditionally
available medicinal plants for health and believe that these
are easily available, less expensive, and have no side effects.
[Nature and Science 2010;8(6):57-61]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words- Traditional knowledge, disease, local
communities, traditional practices
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Notes on Indicators of Environmental Status in Inshore
and Offshore Waters of South -Western Nigeria
Nwankwo, Dike Ikegwu* and
Adesalu, Taofikat Abosede**
*Department of Marine Sciences, University
of Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria.
**Department of Botany, University of
Lagos, Akoka, Nigeria.
boseadesalu@yahoo.com.
Abstract:
This compilation is based on several years of personal and
collaborative work on inshore and offshore waters of South West
Nigeria. The relevance of algae, polychaetes, juvenile stages,
as well as water chemistry in determining environmental status
was documented. Nutrient level, dissolved oxygen, biological
oxygen demand level and thermocline development are important
abiotic factors. [Nature and Science
2010;8(6):62-65]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: pollution indicators, inshore,
offshore, phytoplankton, environment
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Performance Evaluation of a 15.5 cm Screw
Conveyor during Handling Process of Rough Rice (Oriza Sativa
L.) Grains
Hemad Zareiforoush1*,
Mohammad Hasan Komarizadeh1, Mohammad Reza Alizadeh2
Department of Mechanical Engineering of
Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agriculture, University of
Urmia, P.O. Box 165,
Urmia 57135, Iran
1.
Rice
Research Institute of Iran (RRII), P.O.
Box 1658, Rasht 41235, Iran
hemad.zareiforoush@yahoo.com
Abstract: In the current research, some
experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of screw
diametric clearance and screw rotational speed on the
performance characteristics of a screw conveyor, during handling
process of rough rice grains. The performance specifications
were evaluated in terms of conveyor
actual volumetric capacity, volumetric efficiency, specific
power and net power requirements. A
screw conveyor with the housing diameter of 15.5 cm, screw
diameter of 13 cm and screw shaft diameter 3.5 cm having the
length of 150 cm was constructed for conducting the
experiments. The results revealed that the
specific power requirement of the conveyor increased
significantly (P<0.01) with increasing the screw
diametric clearance and screw rotational speed. The net power
requirement of the conveyor increased significantly (P>0.01)
with increasing the screw rotational speed; whilst the value
found to be decreased with increasing the screw clearance (P<0.01).
As the rotational speed of the screw conveyor increased, the
actual volumetric capacity increased up to a maximum value and
further increases in speed caused a decrease in capacity. The
volumetric efficiency of the screw conveyor decreased
significantly (P<0.01) with increasing the screw
diametric clearance and screw rotational speed. Considering the widely
utilization of screw conveyors in agricultural grains handling
processes, the information obtained in this study could be very
useful in proper design and adjustments of this type of
implements with respect to conveying materials characteristics.
[Nature and Science 2010;8(6):66-74].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words: Screw conveyor, Power, Clearance,
Rotational speed, Volumetric efficiency, Capacity
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Comparative study of endo-parasitic infestation in Channa punctatus (Bloch,
1793) collected from Hatchery and Sewage lagoon
Md. Jobaer Alam1, Md. Rakibuzzaman1,
Mehedi Mahmudul Hasan2
1Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka,
Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh
2Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali
Science and Technology University, Sonapur, Noakhali-3802,
Bangladesh
Email: jobaer_alamdu@yaho.com,
rakib_214@yahoo.com, mehedi_nstu@yahoo.com
Abstract: The
study was conducted to collect and identify endoparasites of Channa punctatus
(Bloch,1793) from different water bodies of varying water
quality in Bangladesh and to determine the prevalence and
intensity of infestation brought about by the endoparasites in
the hosts. The host fishes were collected from polluted water
at sewage treatment lagoon in Narayangong and fresh water at
Tongi Hatchery in Gazipur, Bangladesh. The prevalence of
endoparasites in the host fish Channa punctatus was 91.30% in female and 88.88% in
male fishes, among them in polluted water fishes the prevalence
was 85.71% in female and 86.66% in male and in fresh water
fishes the prevalence was 100% in both the male and female
fishes. The intensities of infestation in Channa punctatus was 6.78 in female and 6.55 in
male fish collected from hatchery; and in sewage water fishes
the intensity was 3.50 in females and 1.15 in males
respectively. Six parasite species were found from polluted
water fishes and seven species of parasites were recorded from
fresh water fishes. The parasite groups were trematodes (Genarchopsis bangladensis,
Allogomtiotrema attu,
Phyllodistomum sp.,
Neopecoelina saharanpuriensis), nematodes (Ascaridia sp., Procamallanus sp.) and
Acanthocephalan (Pallisentis
nandai). Acanthocephalans were found in the fishes
collected from sewage lagoon. Liver, stomach, intestine and
body cavity of the host fishes were examined for parasites.
Females were more infected than the males. The intensity and
the prevalence were higher in host fishes collected from
hatchery than the sewage water host fishes. The hosts of
intermediate length and weight group were found to be more
infected than smaller and larger length groups. [Nature and
Science 2010;8(6):75-79]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words: Endoparasite, Channa punctatu, Hatchery, Sewage Lagoon
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Protective effect of Nigella sativia
seeds against dimethylaminoazobenzene (DAB) induced liver
carcinogenesis
H. A.
Mohamed1, I. H. El-Sayed2 and M. Moawad3
1Plant
Pathology Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt,
2Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering
and Biotechnology Institute, Minufiya University, Sadat City,
Egypt, and 3Pathology Department, National Cancer
Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. ibrahimelsayed@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT: Liver cancer is one of the most common
solid tumors worldwide. Extensive research was carried out to
document the powerful properties of Nigella sativa (N.
sativa) as an anti-tumor, bactericide, anticestode,
antinematode, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-diabetic and
diuretic with many other uses. Little is known about the Nigella
sativa anti-tumor property in liver cancers, thus our
current study was performed to investigate the protective role
of Nigella sativa in DAB induced liver carcinogenesis.
140 male albino
mice weighing 40-50
gm divided into four groups. Group one
was normal control group without treatment of any type. Group
two was Nigella sativa treated control group. Group
three was treated with DAB carcinogen. Group four was treated
with both Nigella sativa and DAB. Biochemical
investigations, flow cytometric analysis, and histopathological
examination of the liver tissue were performed for all groups.
The results showed that there was a significant change in the
DNA content, histomorphology, and antioxidant enzymes in the
liver tissues of the DAB treated group. These changes were
restored to approximately the normal counterpart with Nigella
sativa treatment. In addition, treatment with Nigella
sativa only showed comparable results with control
untreated groups on different levels. Collectively, these
results give clear evidence that Nigella sativa lonely
induce no harmful effects on the liver. Moreover, it exerts
hepatoprotective effect against liver carcinogens. Antioxidant
property is mediated its actions and investigating other
underlying mechanisms merits further studies. [Nature and
Science 2010;8(6):80-87]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: Niglla sativa, Dimethylaminoazobenzene,
Liver, antioxidant, Carcinogenesis
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Physico-Chemical Analysis
of Ash of Some Medicinal Plants Growing in Uttarakhand, India
Archa
Vermani1,
Navneet1, Prabhat1 and Avnish Chauhan2
1.
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri
University, Haridwar-Uttarakhand, India
2. Department of Applied
Sciences and Humanities, College of Engineering, Teerthanker
Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pardesh, India
avnishchauhan_in@yahoo.com
Abstract: Physio-chemical
analysis of ash of Quercus
infectoria, Cassia
fistula, Tinospora
cordifolia, Butea
monosperma and Cedrela
toona trees parts were carried out for present study. Atomic
Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) was used for quantitative
estimation while chemical methods applied for qualitative
estimation of minerals in plants ash. It is found that C. fistula, T.
cordifolia, Q.
infectoria and C.
toona showed maximum concentration of potassium while, B. monosperma showed
maximum results with magnesium. [Nature and Science
2010;8(6):88-91]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: Mineral
analysis, medicinal plants, plant ash, AAS
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HIV Infection Among Male Prison Inmates In Abuja,
Nigeria. HIV Infection Among Prison Inmates
*Muhammad T1, 1Auwal
Usman, Dr MM Baba2 And IB Thilza3
1Department Of Microbiology, National Hospital Abuja,
Nigeria.
2Department Of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University
Of Maiduguri.
3Department Of Veterinary Medicine, University Of
Maiduguri.
tallem@ng.afro.who.int
ABSTRACT: The Prison population
is at risk of HIV infection even though they are most often
neglected risk group in the area of prevention and management. The seroprevalence of Human
Immunodefiency Virus [HIV] infection among male inmates in Kuje
prison, Abuja- Nigeria was determined. Two hundred sera
specimens from the prison inmates were tested using 3 different
test kits. Of 200 samples tested 12 [6%] had HIV-1 antibodies.
The highest prevalence of HIV antibodies was found in the age
group of 10-20 years [7.1%]. This was followed by the age group
of 21-30 years [6.8%] while the least [4.0%] was observed among
those aged 41-50 years. HIV among inmates particularly the
young was high.
Preventive and management measures should always be
extended to inmates of Nigerian prisons. Prisoners should
continuously be educated about HIV pandemic and methods of
prevention. [Nature and Science 2010;8(6):92-94]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
Key words:
HIV, Prevalence, Inmates, Abuja, Nigeria
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Health hazards
among a sample of workers exposed to a combination of noise and
organic solvents in a fermentation factory in Egypt
Sanaa A. Rizk*, Nevin E. Sharaf*
*Environmental and Occupational
Medicine, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
Abstract: Background: Exposure to noise can induce
hearing impairment among industrial workers. Studying the
impact of combined exposure to both industrial pollutants such
as noise and organic solvents on hearing was scarcely pointed. The
aim was to study the risk of hearing loss among a sample of
fermentation plant workers in Egypt exposed to both noise and a
mixture of organic solvents. Materials and Methods: The
exposed group consisted of 110 workers in a fermentation
plantdivided into two groups. Group A (50 workers,) exposed to
noise only, group B (60 workers) exposed to noise and mixture
of organic solvents, The control group (group C;30 workers)
were matched to the exposed group in age, sex, socioeconomic
status, smoking habit and systolic blood pressure but were
neither exposed to noise nor organic solvents. All studied
sample were subjected to complete medical examination and
audiometric examination using pure tone Audiometer (GS.Model
1703). The characteristic V-notch
in the audiogram was used as early sign of hearing loss. Noise
level at work place was carried out using a calibrated
Precision sound level meter type 2232. Results: Noise
level was comparable in groups A&B but significantly higher
than in control work places. Thirty six percent of exposed workers
suffered from hearing loss versus 3.3 percent in the control
group (p < 0.001).
Hearing loss was significantly higher among group B (24%) than
group A (18%) (p< 0.05). Results showed that both exposed
groups had higher hearing loss than normal control. Workers
exposed to both noise and organic solvents suffered from the
highest proportion of hearing loss compared to those exposed to
noise alone, therefore we concluded that solvents may
interact synergistically with noise. [Nature and Science 2010;8(6):95-99].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words: Noise- organic solvents- hearing loss
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Some Peculiar Structures in Bergenia Species Growing
In Western Himalaya
Sanyukta Chowdhary1* and K.
R. Verma1
1Department of Botany Kumaun University, S. S. J. Campus
Almora-263601. Uttarakhand. India
hellosanyukta28@gmail.com
Abstract:
Some peculiar structures at the petiolar region of Bergenia
species are described. Presence of hood like structure at
petiole region is one of the chief diagnostic characters in all
the three species of Bergenia i.e., Bergenia ciliata (Haw.)
Sternb., B. ligulata (Wall.) Engl. L., B. stracheyi
(Hook.f.&Thoms.) Engl. found in Western Himalaya. [Nature
and Science 2010;8(6):100-101]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: Bergenia
ciliate, B. stracheyi,
Western Himalaya, Peculiar structures
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