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Oral lesions in HIV Infected Patients in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

¹Amadi .E.S, ²Nwakpu K.O, ²Ngwu .B.A.F, ³Egwu .C.A, ³Aballa A.N and ⁴Ononiwu, C.E

¹Department of Microbiology, School of Science, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

²Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

³Department of Applied Science, ⁴ Department of Dental Technology, Federal School of Dental Technology and Therapy, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.

amadies2001@yahoo.com

Abstract: Oral manifestations of HIV have been described as an important component of AIDS and possible indication of progression. This study investigated the common Oral lesions among HIV positive and negative patients in Abakaliki using dental instruments. A total of seventy (70) positive and seventy (70) negative HIV screened patients attending Ebonyi State University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, were examined using Mouth Mirror, Dental probe and College tweezers. It was shown that Oral Candidiasis (22.9%) was the most common Oral manifestation among HIV positive patients in Abakaliki. This was followed by Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis-Anug (17.1%), Herpes Zoster (17.1%), Tuberculus Ulcer (12.9%), Kaposis Sarcoma (8.6%), Hairy Leukoplakia (7.1%), Necrotizing ulcerative peridontitis-Nup (7.1%) and Non Hodgkin Lymphoma (2.9%). Further investigations showed that Pseudomembraneous candidiasis; Erythematous candidiasis, Hairy leukoplekia and Non Hodgkin lymphoma were altogether completely absent from all the HIV negative patients examined. It was further shown that the pattern of oral manifestation among the HIV positive patients with respect to Sex, Age, Marital status, Occupational and Educational status were varied. However, there was evidence of reduced prevalence of oral lesions among the HIV positive patients on highly Active Anti Retroviral Therapy (HAART) compared with their counterpart not on HAART. Incorporation of oral examination into the routine medical check up of HIV/AIDS patient is hereby suggested.

[Amadi ES, Nwakpu KO, Ngwu BAF, Egwu CA, Aballa AN and Ononiwu, CE. Oral lesions in HIV Infected Patients in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Nat Sci 2012;10(7):1-5].  (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 1

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