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The value of circulating miR-16/34 a as potential molecular markers for diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal sepsis

Abdel E. El Hamshary1, Awad M. El Abd2, Eman R. Abd Almonaem1, Rabab F. Salem2 and Wafaa H. El Docmery1

1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.
wh69500@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Neonatal sepsis displayed the different symptoms in comparison with that of children or adults sepsis because of the infant’s immature immune system. It’s not clear whether these mi RNA biomarkers can be used as fingerprints to evaluate the prognosis of neonatal sepsis, and there have been few studies on the evaluation of mi RNA level in infant sepsis, thus it is necessary to confirm whether these mi RNAs can function as biomarkers in neonatal sepsis patients. The aim of this work was to investigate the possible value of circulating micro RNAs 16/ 34 a in the diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Methods: This study was a case control study, which done on 100 neonates (80 cases and 20 neonates with age and sex matched to the first group and apparently healthy, considered as a control group). Cases group are subdivided into 2 groups culture +ve group (40 cases) and culture –ve group (40 cases). This study was done at full terms attending Neonatal Intensive care Unit (NICU) in Benha University Hospitals. All subjects were subjected to history, clinical examination and laboratory investigation including estimation of miR-16 and 34 a. Results: There was a significant association between maternal risk factors as PROM and UTI and sepsis (P<0.001 for both). 82.5% of culture +ve group mentioned PROM compared with only 25% of culture –ve group. Also, 72.5% reported UTI compared with 12.5% of culture –ve group. Poor neonatal reflexes, lethargy and temperature instability occurred ta higher percentages among culture +ve group than culture –ve one. These differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 for all). Median value of mi RNA 16 was significantly higher among culture +ve group than both culture –ve and the controls (P<0.001). Regarding mi RNA 34a, it was significantly lower among culture +ve group than both culture –ve group than controls. This difference was highly significant (P<0.001). 15% of culture +ve neonates died compared with 0% of culture –ve ones. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: ROC curve analysis shows that the studied markers can significantly (P<0.001) diagnose sepsis at cutoff values mi RNA 16 ≥353.6 and mi RNA 34a ≤9.87. UAC was 0.802 and 0.857 respectively. Median value of mi RNA 16 was significantly higher among culture +ve group than both culture -ve and the controls. Regarding mi RNA 34a, it was significantly lower among culture +ve than both culture -ve and controls.
[Abdel E. El Hamshary, Awad M. El Abd, Eman R. Abd Almonaem, Rabab F. Salem and Wafaa H. El Docmery. The value of circulating miR-16/34 a as potential molecular markers for diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):1-8]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.01.

Key words: Neonatal sepsis - potential molecular markers - miR-16/34- outcome.

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Comparative Study between Gnrh Agonists versus Antagonists Protocols for Super Ovulation in Persumed Normal Responders Undergoing Icsi

Mona Elhawary, M.Sc, Diaa Fakhr, M.D, Khaled Galal, M.D, Hanaa Aabo Ria M.D. and Hasan Abd Rabu M.D.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Alzahraa University Hospital and ART Unit of International Islamic Center for population studies and research Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

mona21up@hotmail.com

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists compared with the GnRH agonists for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in assisted conception cycle and its effect on pregnancy rates. Methods: A prospective randomized study over 300 women, being evaluated as normal responders recruited from clinic, patients have been divided into 2 groups as they received one of the two ovarian stimulation protocols, Group I: It included 150 women received GnRH agonist long protocol for their controlled ovarian hyper stimulation program, Group II: It included 150 patients received flexible GnRH antagonistic protocol. All patients were counseled and signed written informed consents before inclusion In the study. Results: There was no statistical difference between both groups as regard pregnancy rate, fertilization rate, good quality oocytes, clinical pregnancy, multiple pregnancy or incidence of miscarriage. How ever there was high statistical difference regarding duration of treatment, number of HCG ampules, follicular numbers detected by U/S, oocytes retrieved and incidence of OHSS in group I. But regard cost effectiveness there was high statistical difference in group II than group I patients. Conclusion: The use of GnRH antagonists is effective and safe comparable to the use of GnRH agonists. It results in shorter duration of stimulation, and reduction of HMG use. There no difference in pregnancy rate, fertilization rates or good quality oocytes compared to GnRH agonist protocol, However, the use of GnRH agonists is more cost effective whether in cost/cycle or cost/pregnancy.

[Mona Elhawary, Diaa fakhr, Khaled Galal, Hanaa Aabo Ria. and Hasan Abd Rabu. Comparative Study between Gnrh Agonists versus Antagonists Protocols for Super Ovulation in Persumed Normal Responders Undergoing Icsi. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):9-18]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.02.

Keywords: Comparative Study; Gnrh Agonists; Antagonists; Protocol; Ovulation; Persumed

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Reservoir Characterization of Abu Roash “G” Reservoirs, El Diyur Area, Western Desert, Egypt

Mohammed G. Alibiary¹, Ali M. Bakr², Ahmed A. Allam³

¹ Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.

² Shell Petroleum Company, Cairo, Egypt.

³IPRGOC Petroleum Company, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract: The study aimed to combine the different available data to under stand the subsurface system and the characteristic of Late Cretaceous reservoirs in El Diyur field to represent the vertical and lateral heterogeneity at the well, multi-well, and field scale, which could be used as a tool for reservoir management. Seismic interpretation was conducted on the seismic sections that concerned the study are atomakea detailed structural interpretation to determine the structural geometry of the Late Cretaceou shorizons. Petrophysical well log analysis of the reservoir rock of Abu Roash“G-10” and“G-20” zones have been done and mapped. The estimated volume of Original Hydrocarbon in Place of Abu Roash“G-10”and“G-20”zones have been calculated.

[Mohammed G. Alibiary, Ali M. Bakr, Ahmed A. Allam. Reservoir Characterization of Abu Roash “G” Reservoirs, El Diyur Area, Western Desert, Egypt. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):19-27]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.03.

Key words: Reservoir Characterization, Geophysics, Abu Roash “G”, Western Desert

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The Enduring Imprint of Abuse

Hyung Jin (Daniel) Kim ¹, Si Yeon (Sean) Cho ², Yunsu (Eric) Ha ³, Abraham Lee ⁴ Julia Lee ⁴, Dr. Riccio, PhD. ⁵

¹ Yongsan International School of Seoul, Yongsan-gu, 285 Itaewon-ro, Yongsan-gu Seoul, South Korea

² Avon Old Farms 500 Old Farms Rd, Avon, CT 06001

³ St. Francis Preparatory School 6100 Francis Lewis Blvd, Fresh Meadows, NY 11365

⁴ Stuyvesant High School 345 Chambers St, New York, NY 10282

⁵ New York Clinical Psychologist and Psychoanalyst, New York, NY

danielkim121719@gmail.com

Abstract: This paper will focus on various theories crafted by psychologists — predominantly Sigmund Freud and Erik Erikson — and how they intersect with and relate to modern examples of child abuse. Initially sparked by a personal concern for the universally endemic problem of child abuse, the research centers on mainly three objectives: 1) to examine specific cases of child abuse and its relevance to Erik Erikson’s stages of psychosocial development, 2) to inspect the parameters of what constitutes as abuse, and 3) to grapple with a loose understanding of child abuse filtered through two different sociocultural contexts. A misunderstanding and neglect in psychosocial stages in premature development results in early traumas, which entails most cases of child abuse. In turn, three types of abuse — neglect abuse, physical abuse, and sexual abuse — are mostly responsible for various mental illnesses. With its key components contingent on a thorough analysis of a dialogue between premature social developments from birth to age of seven and psychoanalytical theories presented by Erikson, this research paper initially aims to survey the correlation to early traumas and the resulting psychiatric symptoms of mental disorders: the first goal of the study is based on case-studies guided under the supervision of Dr. Dominik Riccio. Secondly, this paper aims to analyze the borderline between abuse and discipline based on an exhaustive investigation of symptoms of early trauma. Lastly but not least, there will be a focus on how children are treated in two different cultures — American and Korean — and how certain timeless essential aspects in child-rearing remain necessary regardless of sociocultural contexts.

[Hyung Jin (Daniel) Kim, Si Yeon (Sean) Cho, Yunsu (Eric) Ha, Abraham Lee Julia Lee, Dr. Riccio. The Enduring Imprint of Abuse. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):28-31]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.04.

Keywords: Abuse, psychology, psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson

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Virulence, Resistance Genes Detection and Sequencing of gyrA Gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Chickens and Human in Egypt

¹Ashraf A. Abd El- Tawab, ¹Fatma I. El-Hofy, ² Dalia F. Khater and ²Mo'men M. Al-Adl.

¹ Bacteriology, Immunology and Mycology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University.

² Animal Health Research Institute, Tanta branch

ashrafabdeltwab@yahoo.com, fatmaelhofy@yahoo.com, dr.daliakhater2@yahoo.com, momen_aladl@yahoo.com

Abstract: In this study, a total of 200 samples (100 samples from broiler chickens at different ages and 100 samples of human origin) were screened bacteriologically for the occurrence 0f P. aeruginosa. A total of 47 isolates of P.aeruginosa (23.5%) confirmed and were further tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Theisolates had the highest levels of resistance against cefotaxime (100%), ciprofloxacin (40.4 %), gentamicin (31.9%), ceftazidime (31.9%), amikacine (6.4%), colstinsulphate (2.1%), meropenem (2.1%) and imipenem (0%). 15 strains (4 strains of human origin and 11 strains of chicken origin) were multidrug resistant P.aeruginosa (31.9%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to detect virulence genestoxA (95%), lasB (90%), exoS (70%), exoU (35%) and resistance genes bla_TEM (75%) and aac (3)-Ia (100%) of P.aeruginosa isolates. gyrA gene sequencing was applied, Thr-83 → Ile substitution was found in examined ciprofloxacin resistant P. aeruginosa isolates when compared to the P. aeruginosa PAO1 (Accession: AAG06556.1).

[Ashraf A. Abd El- Tawab, Fatma I. El-Hofy, Dalia F. Khater and Mo'men M. Al-Adl. Virulence, Resistance Genes Detection and Sequencing of gyrA Gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Chickens and Human in Egypt. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):32-39]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.05.

Keywords: P. aeruginosa, chickens, human, virulence and resistance genes, gyrA gene sequence.

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Laboratory assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis

Kamel Hewedi¹, Sabry Mohammed¹, Ahmed Fathy², Ahmed Essmat¹ and Mohammed Saeed¹

¹Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

²Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

mohammed_alsaay2008@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting more than 2 million people worldwide and considered a leading cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults in many countries. Objective: To evaluate the mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) by investigating serum levels of lactate and uric acid (UA) in MS patients and to explore their potential role in pathogenesis of MS as biological markers for monitoring disease activity and progression. Methods: This case-control study was conducted on 52 Egyptian subjects (32 multiple sclerosis patients and 20 normal healthy individuals as control group. Patients were subjected to thorough history taking, detailed neurological examination and clinical assessment of the severity of the disease using Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and fatigue using Fatigue severity scale (FSS). Serum level of lactate and uric acid were measured in both groups. Results: In comparison to the control group, subjects with multiple sclerosis had statistically significant higher serum level of lactate (p= 0.001), with no statistically significant difference in serum levels of UA (p= 0.337). There was statically significant negative correlation between serum lactate levels and EDSS-FSS, but no statistically significant correlation between serum UA levels and EDSS or FSS. Conclusion: MS patients have significantly higher serum lactate level. This can support the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction has an important role in the underlying pathogenic mechanism of the disease. However, the potential value of serum lactate as a marker for monitoring disease activity and progression is questionable.

[Kamel Hewedi, Sabry Mohammed, Ahmed Fathy, Ahmed Essmat and Mohammed Saeed. Laboratory assessment of mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):40-44]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.06.

Key Words: Multiple Sclerosis, Serum Lactate, Uric Acid, Mitochondrial dysfunction, Disability, Fatigue

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Study of current dietary habits of adolescent school students and their effect on their growth in Al-shohadaa District, Menofia governorate, Egypt

Mohamed El-Hady Imam¹, Morsi Ahmed Ammar¹, Ahmed Ali Ghandour² and Abdel-tawab El sayed ³

¹professor of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

²Assistant Professor of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University, New Damietta, Egypt

³ Demonstrator of Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University, New Damietta, Egypt

doctor.tawab@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: During the last few decades, Egypt experienced rapid socio-cultural changes that were associated with major changes in the food choices and eating habits, which becomes more westernized. Aims: To investigate the consumption of different food groups among preparatory & secondary school students and its associated socio-demographic factors in Al-shohadaa district, Menofia governorate, Egypt. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 368 adolescent students. Selected to cover general public schools of both sexes in urban and rural areas. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data about socio-demographic features of the students and their families, as well as food patterns and eating habits of students. Results: About 89.6%, 58.9% and 71% of students consumed starchy foods, vegetables and plant protein on daily basis; respectively. Fast foods and carbonated drinks were consumed on weekly bases by 64.6% and 19.6% of students; respectively. Conclusions: Students practice many faulty dietary habits. School, family and community based interventions are timely needed to promote healthy eating habit in adolescents.

[Mohamed El-Hady Imam, Morsi Ahmed Ammar, Ahmed Ali Ghandour and Abdel-tawab El sayed. Study of current dietary habits of adolescent school students and their effect on their growth in Al-shohadaa District, Menofia governorate, Egypt. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):45-51]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.07.

Key words: Dietary habits – Adolescent students – Fast foods

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An Evaluation for Programs of the Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders: Beneficiaries Perspectives

Dr. Ez El-Din Mohamed Ahmed

Department of Sports Administration, Faculty of Physical Education, Helwan University, Egypt.

prof.dr_ezzeldin@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present study was aimed to identify perspectives of beneficiaries about the educational programs provided by the Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders. The researcher used the descriptive (survey) approach through focus group. Research community included all graduates of the Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders. Participants in the focus group (n=15) were randomly chosen by the researcher. The researcher developed (5) questions as a semi-structured interview to be applied to the focus group. Results indicated that:

1.     The Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders provides limited number of educational programs.

2.     Students who passed programs of the Egyptian Olympic Academy expressed their dissatisfaction with these programs.

3.     The Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders enjoys several strengths that may enable efforts of future improvements for its vision, mission, values and programs.

4.     The Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders suffers from serious limitations including lack of funds, lack of criteria for choosing lecturers and staff members and limitations of organizational work.

5.     The Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders have major opportunities to be improved in the future.

6.     The Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders may face some threats that may hinder the efforts of improvement.

7.     The Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders requires serious efforts of improvement to fulfill its vision, mission and objectives.

[Ez El-Din Mohamed Ahmed. An Evaluation for Programs of the Egyptian Olympic Academy for Sports Leaders: Beneficiaries Perspectives. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):52-57]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.08.

Key Words: Olympic Academy – Sports Leaders – Egypt – Evaluation

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Low Level of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in Prediction of Spontaneous Recurrent Abortion

Mohamed Farag EL-sherbiny, MD, Ashraf Nassif El- Mantwe, MD, Nasra Said Mohamed, M.B.B.CH

Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University

dr.nasra_a@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relation between the level of alpha-1antitrypsin (AAT) and spontaneous recurrent abortion. Background: Abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy; spontaneous abortion is a termination of pregnancy before the fetal viability. Although 15% of clinically recognized pregnancies result in abortion, total reproductive losses are reportedly closer to 50%. Patient and method: This prospective case-control study consisted of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (n=25) and healthy pregnancies in the first trimester (n=25). Blood samples were assayed for AAT concentration and activity. Results: There was statistically significant increase in AAT during normal pregnancy and decline in study group of recurrent abortion (2.12±0.35, 1.65±0.10 mg/ ml, p ˂ 0.001 HS). No statistical significant differences were noted regarding maternal age, BMI between the study and control groups (26.7± 2.52, 27.8 ± 3.05, p= 0.15 NS, 26.7±3.26, 27.3± 3.77, p = 0.59 NS). And also no statistical significant differences were noted between the groups regarding gestational age (10.0 ± 1.50, 10.2± 1.24, p =0.68 NS). Parity has no statistical significance as the control group was (2.28± 0.73) but study group has no parity. Conclusion: This study demonstrate asignificant decline in circulating AAT in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss in first trimesters compared with normal pregnant pregnant women in the same trimesters. So determination of α1AT may be useful for the prediction of pregnancy outcome in first trimester.

[Mohamed Farag EL-sherbiny, Ashraf Nassif El- Mantwe, Nasra Said Mohamed. Low Level of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in Prediction of Spontaneous Recurrent Abortion. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):58-61]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.09.

Keywords: Alpha-1 antitrypsin and abortion.

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Prophylactic Vitamin K and Its Relation to Development of Neonatal Jaundice

Magdy Mohammed Ashmawy Sakr¹, Mohammed Ibrahim Abdel-Aal¹, Hisham Samir Abdel-Samie², Mohammed El- Sayed Soliman¹

¹Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, New Damietta, Egypt^.

² Clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, New Damietta, Egypt.

mohammedsoliman326@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background and objectives: Neonatal jaundice is yellowish discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera. Hyperbilirubinemia is common in the first week of life, affecting 50%- 70% of term babies and 80% of preterm babies. Since the introduction of synthetic vitamin K injection as a prophylaxis within an hour or soon after birth to prevent hemorrhagic disease of newborns, cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia were reported in full-term healthy newborns. So, the aim of this work is to evaluate the correlation between vitamin K administration and the development of neonatal jaundice and its severity. Methods: In this a cross-section comparative study we measure the total serum bilirubin in 200 full term neonates in Al-Azhar University Hospital in New Damietta at the third day of life to demonstrate the relationship between it and vitamin K injection. Results: We found in this study that the newborns injected with synthetic vitamin K injection soon after birth had a higher TSB level than those who did not receive it. Conclusion: The synthetic vitamin K injection seems to be one of the risk factors for development of neonatal jaundice even if used with appropriate dose.

[Magdy Mohammed Ashmawy Sakr, Mohammed Ibrahim Abdel-Aal, Hisham Samir Abdel-Samie, Mohammed El- Sayed Soliman. Prophylactic Vitamin K and Its Relation to Development of Neonatal Jaundice. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):62-65]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.10.

Key words: Neonatal jaundice, Vitamin K, Total serum bilirubin (TSB).

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Biomechanical Corneal Changes Post LASIK with Mechanical Microkeratome Flap versus Femtosecond Flap

Mohamed Elmoddather. MD and Asaad Nooredin MD.

Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.

shahdmsaleh@hotmail.com

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the impact of the creation of corneal flaps with mechanical microkeratome versus femtosecond laser on the biomechanical properties of the corneas. Method: This study included 100 eyes of 50 patients (Microkeratome Group) Compared with 100 eyes of 52 patients (Femtosecond Group) with myopia with or without astigmatism. Corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were measured with Ocular Response Analyzer before and1, 3,6and 12 months after surgery. We also investigated the relationship between these biomechanical changes and the amount of myopic correction. Results: Corneal resistance factor and Hysteresis was change significantly after flap creation in both groups. In Moria2 group decreased significantly from 11.55 ± 1.29 mm Hg and 11.68±1.40 mm Hg to 9.47 ± 1.29 mm Hg and 8.49 ± 1.54 mm Hg, respectively) (P <.0001). In femtosecond group decreased from11.51 ± 1.25 mm Hg and 11.66±1.41 mm Hg to 9.49 ± 1.30 mm Hg and 8.5 ± 1.53 mm Hg, respectively (P <.0001). The ablation depth (P=0.650), residual corneal thickness (P=0.442), and postoperative corneal curvature (P=0.354) were not significant different between femtosecond group and Moria2 group after surgery. Conclusion: Both femtosecond LASIK and Moria2 LASIK can affect the biomechanical strength of the cornea depending on the amount of myopic correction. The amount of biomechanical changes is larger after LASIK with mechanical microkeratome than after femtosecond from a biomechanical viewpoint.

[Mohamed Elmoddather and Asaad Nooredin. Biomechanical Corneal Changes Post LASIK with Mechanical Microkeratome Flap versus Femtosecond Flap. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):66-70]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.11.

Keywords: LASIK, Femtosecond, Microkeratome, Flaps.

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Evaluation of Canal Transportation after Instrumentation with Three Different Nickel-Titanium Systems Using Computed Tomography

Ragab M.D., H.A. Alhadainy, N.A. Shaheen

Endodontic department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt

maidessoky@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate canal transportation (degree and direction) after instrumentation with ProTaper, WaveOne and hand NiTiFlex files using computed tomography (CT). Methods: Sixty extracted human mandibular first molars with severely curved mesiobuccal (MB) canals were selected and randomly divided into three groups (n=20) according to the used instrumentation technique as ProTaper, WaveOne, and hand NiTiFlex. Specimens were scanned before and after instrumentation with 640-multi slice CT at three levels: coronal, middle and apical and all tomograms were analyzed using VITREA 2 V3.8 Imaging Software. Results: Less transportation occurred with reciprocating WaveOne Primary instrument followed by rotary ProTaper and Hand NiTiFlex respectively (P≤0.005). Apical level showed the least canal transportation value with mesial tendency than other two levels. Conclusions: Single file reciprocating system prepared curved root canal with less canal transportation compared to full rotary and hand NiTi systems. Canal transportation occurred at the apical level less than middle and coronal levels.

[M.D. Ragab, H.A. Alhadainy, N.A. Shaheen. Evaluation of Canal Transportation after Instrumentation with Three Different Nickel-Titanium Systems Using Computed Tomography. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):71-78]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.12.

Keywords: Canal transportation, computed tomography, NiTiFlex, ProTaper, reciprocating motion, WaveOne

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Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Organisms isolated from Diseased Insects

¹Kelly B.A., ²Omoya F.O.

¹Kelly, B. A. Biological Sciences Department, Wesley University, Ondo. Ondo state. Nigeria.

kellytunde@yahoo.com, kellybabatunde@gmail.com, kellybabatunde@wesleyuni.edu.ng

+2348038599386

²Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Akure. Ondo state, Nigeria.

fomoya@yahoo.com +2348033738650

Abstract: Organisms isolated from diseased insect were investigated for their susceptibility to conventional antibiotics. Five bacteria were investigated out of which four were typed cultures which include Paenibacillus popilliae (NRRL B- 4223) isolated from diseased grub hemolymph, Lysinibacillus sphaericus (NRRL B- 23338), Serratia marcescens (NRRL B-3401) isolated from hornworm with septicemia and Bacillus subtilis subspecies spizizenii (NRRL B- 14472). All these were imported from the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Culture Collection Centre. The last bacterium was isolated from diseased Macrotermes bellicosus in Ondo state, Nigeria. Antibiotics tested on the bacteria include GEN=Gentamicin (10μg), COT= Cotriomoxazole (25μg), ERY=Erythromycin (5μg), TET=Tetracycline (10μg), CHL=Chloramphenicol (10μg), AMX=Amoxicillin (30μg), CXC=Cloxacillin (5μg), STR=Streptomycin (10μg), AUG=Augmentin (30μg), CPR=Ciprofloxacin (10μg), OFL=Ofloxacin (5μg), NIT=Nitrofurantin (300μg), AMP=Ampicillin (10μg), CAZ=Ceftazidime (30μg), CRX=Cefuroxime (30μg). Positive discs were used for Bacillus sp while negative discs were used for S. marcescens and P. aeruginosa. Results showed that Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin and Ofloxacin were all able to inhibit the growth the five bacteria. Ciprofloxacin had the highest antimicrobial activity on B. subtilis with an inhibition zone of 36.00±1.00^d mm. Results also showed that all the organisms are resistant to Cloxacillin, Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Ampicillin, Ceftazidime and Cefuroxime. All of the bacteria are sensitive to at least four of the antibiotic used.

[Kelly, B. A. and Omoya, F. O. Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Organisms isolated from Diseased Insects. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):79-82]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.13.

Keywords: Entomopathogens, biological control, benign, pathogenic, diseased

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Surgical management of otitis media with effusion: comparative study between two different materials of ventilation tubes

Hisham Hamad¹, Fatt'he Ali Erfan¹, Abo Bakr Mohamed Beheri¹ and Mohamed Mahmoued Hagras²

¹ Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.

² Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hearing and Speech Institute, Egypt.

Hagras198888@gmail.com

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two different materials of ventilation tubes on the outcome of the myringotomy as a surgical treatment in otitis media with effusion. This study is a comparative prospective study carried out in ORL-HNS Department in Tanta University Hospital. Population was forty consecutive cases have been proved clinically and audiologically to have bilateral chronic secretory otitis media type (B) tympanometery. Results revealed there is no significant difference in the outcome on using ventilation tubes of two different materials even they have the same shape and caliber. It was found that there is high significant improvement in all symptoms post-operatively by using both types of ventilation tube. Also it was reported that is no significant difference in the degree of improvement in both groups. Also, it was found that there is no significant difference between silicon tube and Fluroplastic tube regarding the Post-operative complications. Our study showed that there is no significant difference in the outcome on using ventilation tubes of two different materials even they have the same shape and caliber.

[Hisham Hamad, Fatt'he Ali Erfan, Abo Bakr Mohamed Beheri and Mohamed Mahmoued Hagras. Surgical management of otitis media with effusion: comparative study between two different materials of ventilation tubes. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):83-91]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 14. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.14.

Keywords: Otitis media with effusion, myringotomy and placement of ventilation tube, Silicone Material and Fluoroplastic Material.

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Effect of antitranspirants application on growth and productivity of sunflower under soil moisture stress

Rania, F. El Mantawy1 and Maha El Bialy2

1Crop Physiology Res. Dep., Field Crops Research Institute- Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.
2Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center, Egypt.
raniafarouk711@gmail.com; maha_alyyy@yahoo.com

Abstract: The experiment was conducted for two successive summer seasons 2016 and 2017 at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt to evaluate the effect of foliar spray with antitranspiranrs under three levels of soil moisture stress on growth, yield, yield components and water productivity of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivar Sakha 53. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four replicates. The main plots were occupied by soil moisture levels namely wet (35-45%), medium (45-55%) and dry (55-65%) of maximum allowable depletion of available soil moisture (MAD of ASW). While subplots contained three treatments of antitraspirants i.e. without spray (control), spray with kaolin at 6% and spray with Magnesium Carbonate at 6%. Obtained results proved that,increasing soil moisture stress up to (55-65% MAD of ASW) caused significant reduction in all growth parameters , photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b), relative water content (RWC %) and seed oil %. Also, yield parameters (stem diameter, head diameter, 100- seed weight and seed yield) show significant reduction at dry treatment. On the other hand, increasing soil moisture stress caused significant increase in proline content and seed protein % at both growing seasons. Foliar application with antitraspirants positively affected all the growth and physiological criteria of the tested plants compared with control treatment and also cause marked reduction in transpiration rate. Generally, under irrigation water shortage, application of antitranspirants effectively reduced water consumption use and enhanced water productivity . Additionally, most of the growth and yield parameters and seed quality were improved significantly as influenced by spraying antitranspirants which were responsible for reducing water consumptive use.
[Rania, F. El Mantawy and Maha El Bialy. Effect of antitranspirants application on growth and productivity of sunflower under soil moisture stress. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):92-106]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 15. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.15.

Key words: sunflower, water stress, antitraspirants, physiological criteria, yield, water productivity.

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Salix alba Extract Induces Systemic Resistance in Cucumis sativus Infected by Cucumber mosaic virus

Mahmoud R. Sofy*, Abd El-Monem M.A. Sharaf, Mohamed E. El-Nosary and Ahmed R. Sofy

Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

*mahmoud_sofy@yahoo.com

Abstract: In a greenhouse experiment, white willow (Salix alba) extract as soaked seeds was tested for induction systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in cucumber plants against Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The results demonstrated that CMV challenged plants were reductions in plant height, growth parameters, and soluble carbohydrates, while a significant increase in glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidase as a result of the viral infection compared with absolute control plants. On the other hand, challenged treatment (soaked seeds with Salix extract + CMV) showed an increase in all tested parameters when being compared with and challenged control plants. It can conclude that Salix treatment increases the Cucumis sativus L. alfa-beta plants resistance against CMV.

[Sofy MR, Sharaf AMA, El-Nosary ME and Sofy AR. Salix alba Extract Induces Systemic Resistance in Cucumis sativus Infected by Cucumber mosaic virus. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):107-113]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 16. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.16.

Keywords: Cucumber mosaic virus, Cucumis sativus, Salix alba extract, Morphology and Biochemical measurements

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Structural Characterization, Electrical Transport Properties and Gamma-Ray Shielding- Parameters of Some Phosphate Glasses Containing By-Pass Cement Dust

A.G. Mostafa ¹*, S.M. Salem¹, O.M. Yassin¹, R.A. Abu Gasser¹ and K.H. Idress²

^1. Phys. Dept., Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

^2. Phys. Dept., Faculty of Science, Sert University, Libya

*drahmedgamal.@yahoo.com

Abstract: Some phosphate glasses containing different amounts of by-pass cement dust have been prepared by the melt quenching method. The selected molecular composition was [ (100-x) % P₂O₅ - (x) % By-Pass Cement Dust (where 30 ≤ x≥ 60)]. The obtained experimental density and molar volume values were inspected and were then compared with those obtained empirically for the close packed structure of the corresponding compounds. These comparisons evidenced the short-range order and randomness character of the studied samples. The electric and dielectric properties were thoroughly investigated. The appearance of maxima and minima in the total conductivity by pass cement dust concentration dependence can be attributed to the mixed alkali – alkaline earth effect (K₂O & CaO). The suitability of such glasses to act as gamma-ray shielding materials was also examined and a correlation between the chemical composition (By-Pass Cement Dust content) and gamma-ray attenuation behavior was established.

[Mostafa AG, Salem SM, Yassin OM, Abu Gasser RA and Idress KH. Structural Characterization, Electrical Transport Properties and Gamma-Ray Shielding- Parameters of Some Phosphate Glasses Containing By-Pass Cement Dust. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):114-123]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 17. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.17.

Keywords: By-pass Cement Dust; Phosphate glasses; Electrical Transport Properties, Gamma–ray attenuation parameters

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Geology and Fluid Inclusions Studies of Molybdenite Mineralization in Granites of Gabal Gattar, North E Astern Desert, Egypt

Essam M. Esmail

Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt
essam_12mem@yahoo.com

Abstract: In Gabal Gattar, Mo and U mineralization are located near the northern margin of the granitic mass of Gabal Gattar, they are hosted in the high silica granites. They were concentrated at the late stage of granite palotonism in a volatile rich fractionate which was deposited by a shallow hydrothermal system a long structures in granite mass. The U mineralization concentrated in deformed and hydrothermal granite and controlled by NNE – SSW to NW – SE structures, while the Mo mineralization is hosted in quartz veins striking NS. Fluid inclusion studies can contribute in the understanding of physico-chemical conditions controlling the genesis of molybdenite mineralization, and to suggest the fluid evolution model of these mineralizations. Both quartz veins and their hosted uraniferous granites in the Gabal Gattar area are choicen in the present study. Taking all available information into consideration, the following model of fluid evolution is suggested. There are two stages of mineralizing fluids. The oldest recorded fluid is represented by remnants that are only preserved in granitic samples as a result of strong acidic hydrothermal fluids where oxidation of molybdenite to ferro-molybdenite (Fe2(Mo4)3.H2O) in granite is significance. These fluids are rich of water of pure NaCl system, low saline (1.73 to 11.70 wt% NaCl eq.) and with homogenization temperature (Th°C) values around 200°C. The tectonic history of the region and oxidation patterns confirm the fluid inclusion data that oxidation may have begun at high pressure 19.7 k.bar and reach to about 5.7 k.bar However the pH can remain above the stability field of Mo when alkaline hydrothermal solution are affected the granites and alternatively it will be free to migrate and supergene enrichment of Mo in the form of molybdenite, will apply where there are only minor amounts of pyrite and increasing in H2S fugacity then precipitate along the week fractured quartz vein surfaces. The detailed fluid inclusions study in the molybdenite bearing-quartz veins is in harmony with the previous modeling where it indicates that the last fluids are homogenized at lower temperature (ranging from 126.7 to 170°C) due to cooling with addition of some divalent salts (MgCl2 ± CaCl2) as a result of wall-rock interaction. These fluids are generated under lower pressure (from 4 to 5 k. bar) and characterized with high salinity (14.7 to 23.3 wt% NaCl eq.). Finally it can be concluded that subsequent cooling and change in the pH are considered the two factors that have triggered molybdenite precipitation.
[Essam M. Esmail. Geology and Fluid Inclusions Studies of Molybdenite Mineralization in Granites of Gabal Gattar, North E Astern Desert, Egypt. Nat Sci 2018;16(2):124-133]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 18. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160218.18.

Keywords: Geology, Fluid Inclusionsm Molybdenite, Mineralization, Granites of Gabal Gattar, North E Astern Desert, Egypt

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