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Effects of Using Rehabilitative Exercises and Shiatsu on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Dr. Fatemah Asaad Khuraibet

Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport, College of Basic Education, Kuwait.
ms_q8wave@gmail.com

Abstract: This research aims to identify the effects of a rehabilitative program and shiatsu on the working muscles and nerves of the injured hand for patients with CTS. This can be done through investigating neural connectivity of carpal nerve fibers, grip strength, wrest range of motion (flexion – extension – abduction – adduction) and degree of pain. The researcher used the experimental approach (one-group design) with pre-, intermediate and post-measurements. Participants (n=10) were purposefully chosen as they were all female athletes (25-30 years) with CTS because of sports participation, who are under treatment in Physiotherapy Hospital - Kuwait. They were all free of deformities and diseases. They are not under treatment of any kind. Results indicated that the use of rehabilitative exercises along with shiatsu massage led to clear results in treatment and quick recovery of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) or the wrest joint as it improved neural connectivity of the carpal nerve, increased grip strength and increased the range of motion of the wrest (flexion – extension – abduction – adduction) with eliminating pain.
[Fatemah Asaad Khuraibet. Effects of Using Rehabilitative Exercises and Shiatsu on Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):1-6]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.01.

Key words: Rehabilitative Exercises - Shiatsu - Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

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Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major

Ahmed Sobhy Negm, Dr. Abdel-raouf Abdel-raouf Abonar, Dr. Kamal Hashim Mohamed and Prof. Dr. Nagwa Mohamed Mowafy

Clinical Pathology Department, El Hussein University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
a.nagm84@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the status of vitamin-D in beta-thalassemia major (TM) patients as a probable and correctable factor for thalassemia bone disease. Methods: This case-control study took place in the El Hussein University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, between March and December 2016. Forty Egyptian patients with TM (aged 11.9 ± 5) were compared with 20 sex- and age-matched healthy subjects serving as the control group. All patients were prescribed oral calcium (1 gm) and native vitamin-D (1,000 IU) as a combined daily supplementation for more than 2 years. Serum ferritin, ionized calcium, and 25-OH-vitamin-D were estimated for all patients and controls. Results: Vitamin-D levels in the patient group were significantly higher than for controls (p=0.0227), and were significantly negatively correlated with ferritin and age (p= <0.001, p=0.0028, respectively). Serum ionized calcium levels in patients were significantly lower than for controls (p=<0.001) and had a significant negative correlation with age (p =0.0042). In the patient group, the prevalence of hypocalcaemia was 87.5%. Conclusion: Although significant improvement occurred in the 25(OH)-vitamin-D levels of TM patients due to their daily supplementations with native vitamin-D (cholecalciferol), vitamin-D deficiency was still prevalent in older patients and in patients with high ferritin levels. In addition, TM patients still suffered from significant highly prevalent hypocalcaemia, which becomes worse with age. Further studies are required to assess the need for activated vitamin-D analogues.
[Ahmed Sobhy Negm, Abdel-raouf Abdel-raouf Abonar, Kamal Hashim Mohamed and Nagwa Mohamed Mowafy. Assessment of Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Beta Thalassemia Major. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):7-12]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.02.

Key words: Thalassemia major, Vitamin D, Calcium, Bone disease.

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3

Effect of Electromagnetic Field on Wound Healing in Venous Ulcers (A Systematic Review)

Mohamed Mohamed Soliman¹, Wafaa Hussien Borhan¹, Sayed Meshal El sayed², Samah Hosney Nagib¹, Mohamed Maher Elkeblawy³

1 Physical Therapy Department for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

2Statistics Institute of Statistical Studies and Researches, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

³Researcher, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract: Objective: the aim of this work was to systematically review this studies which assess the effect of electromagnetic field on wound healing in venous ulcers. Methods: Systematic review of all published studies with all research designs expect expert opinions. A search was made in Medicine, Cochrane library. PED. And Google scholar. Intervention different types of electromagnetic field performed by the physical therapy in wounded patients in venous ulcers outcomes measure wound healing. Results: only 3 studies met the inclusion Criteria, there was  conflicting evidence on whether electromagnetic field can accelerate the wound healing. The three studies show significant acceleration of wound healing. Conclusion: the current level of evidence to support the effectiveness of electromagnetic filed on wound healing in venous ulcers was good.

[Mohamed Mohamed Soliman, Wafaa Hussien Borhan, Sayed Meshal El sayed, Samah Hosney Nagib.and Mohamed Maher Elkeblawy Effect of Electromagnetic Field on Wound Healing in Venous Ulcers (A Systematic Review). N Y Sci J 2018;11(7):13- 19]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys110718.03.

Key Words: Systematic Review, Electromagnetic Review, Electromagnetic Field, Wound Healing and Venous Ulcers.

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Comparison of Transabdominal versus Transvaginal Ultrasound to Measure Thickness of the Lower Uterine Segment at Term

Emad Maarouf A. Ellatif¹, Mofeed Fawzy Mohamed², Ahmed Farag Ibrahim³

1Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
2Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
3El Khazendara General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Cairo, Egypt
Dr.farag2008@gmail.com

Abstract: The number of women undergoing an elective cesarean delivery has increased worldwide over the past few decades (1). One of the most common indications for cesarean delivery is a previous cesarean delivery (2). Cesarean scar dehiscence is a serious complication of VBAC, with a uterine rupture rate of 0.7% and potentially lethal consequences for both mother and baby (3). Studies had showed that scar dehiscence is directly related to the sonographically-assessed thickness of the lower uterine segment (LUS) at between 37 and 40 weeks of pregnancy (4). The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of transvaginal (TVS) versus transabdominal (TAS) ultrasound to assess the thickness of the lower uterine segment (LUS); to be a reliable method for assessment of strength of previous cesarean scar. Patients and Methods: In our study 200 pregnant women admitted for an elective cesarean delivery were enrolled. LUS thickness was measured using both TVS and TAS prior to the cesarean. The actual thickness of the LUS was measured using a sterile metal ruler after the neonate had been delivered. Results: In all the study cases, when the mean thickness of lower uterine segment obtained by TAS was compared to that obtained by TVS then each of them was compared to the mean actual thickness. The thickness of the LUS measured with TAS showed a good correlation (r=0.916; P<0.001) with the actual thickness, the correlation with TVS was better (r=0.986; P<0.001). Conclusion: TVS is a more accurate method of assessing the thickness of the LUS compared with TAS.
[Emad Maarouf A. Ellatif, Mofeed Fawzy Mohamed, Ahmed Farag Ibrahim. Comparison of Transabdominal versus Transvaginal Ultrasound to Measure Thickness of the Lower Uterine Segment at Term. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):20-23]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.04.

Keywords: Lower uterine segment, Transabdominal ultrasound, Transvaginal ultrasound.

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Comparative Assessment of the Effect of Pregnancy and Labour on Pelvic Floor Using Transperineal Ultrasonography of Urethrovesical Junction Mobility and Perineometery for Pelvic Floor Muscle.

Mervat M. Ebrahim, MD, Taiseer M. Mohamad, MD, Omama A. Taher, Msc.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Azhar University
omomtaher5@gmail.com

Abstract: Objective: To prospectively evaluate the role of trans-perineal ultrasound in the diagnosis of female with urinary incontinence compared to perineometery for pelvic floor muscle. as the golden standard. Conclusion: Transperineal ultrasound is a simple, easily conducted examination that can be used as screening imaging modality in pregnant patients to assess urinary incontinence during pregnancy and after labour (6 weeks – 6 months) in comparison for perinenometeryto diagnose patients who are in need for further assessment.
[Mervat M. Ebrahim, Taiseer M. Mohamad, Omama A. Taher. Comparative Assessment of the Effect of Pregnancy and Labour on Pelvic Floor Using Transperineal Ultrasonography of Urethrovesical Junction Mobility and Perineometery for Pelvic Floor Muscle. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):24-28]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.05.

Key Words: Transperineal ultrasound – Stress incontinence – perineometery for pelvic floor muscle - hypermobility – Intrinsic sphincteric deficiency – Uretherovesical.

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Role of serum interlukine 29 and interferon γ inducible protein 10 as predictive markers for hepatitis C treatment response

Soheir Abd El-Rahman Saleh MD¹, Sabah Ibraheem Abd-Rahem MD¹, Asmaa Mohamed Ibrahim M.Sc ²

¹Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University (for girls), Egypt

²Specialist of Clinical Pathology, Shebein El Kom Teaching Hospital, Egypt

drasmaasir27@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: HCV is a global health problem and the World Health Organization estimates that at least 170 million people representing approximately 2% of the world’s population are infected with HCV worldwide, with most of these concentrated in developing countries. In Egypt there is high prevalence of hcv (~14.7 %), with high proportion of patients with genotype 4 have a low response rate to antiviral therapy Until recently, the standard of care for CHC was lengthy dual therapy with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin with modest success rates ~50 % of patients, severe adverse events and variation in treatment response between genotypes. IL29 is a small-molecular weight protein (22 kDa) helical structure which was functionally described as an ‘inflammatory’ chemokine IL 29 can be induced by hepatocytes and other cell types within the liver, including Kupffer cells, stellate cells and dentrtic cells that may be considered as the main producer (Bolen et al., 2014). IL-29 inhibits the replication of HCV IP10 is a small-molecular weight protein (10 kDa) which was functionally described as an ‘inflammatory’ chemokine IP-10 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HCV infection. In HCV infection, the inflammatory cells that infiltrate the liver are mainly antigen-nonspecific T-helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes. Aim: This study aimed to the aim of this work is to assess the value of pretreatment measurement of serum level of interleukin 29 and serum interferon gamma inducible protein 10 (ip-10) on the response of treatment of interferon therapy in patients suffering from CHC. Patients and Methods: 60 patients with CHC subdivided into 2 groups according to response to interferon therapy and 30 healthy controls. The serum IL-29 and IP-10 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pretreatment viral load was done in CHC patients in addition to viral load after 12 weeks of treatment was done for responders only, serum AST, ALT, ALP, were measured in all population. Results: The results showed highly statistically significant difference regarding pretreatment viral load between responders and non responders, statistically significant difference among all studied groups regarding their serum (IL29), and serum IP-10they had negative no statistically significant correlation with each other. Serum IP-10 and serum IL-29 had negative no statistically significant correlation with each other. ROC curve analysis using a cut off value of serum IP-10 >0.6 ng/ml for accurate prediction non responders and cut off of for accurate prediction of responders for serum IP-10 levels was identified to be >1.41 ng/ml. while for serum IL-29 the best cut off fro prediction of responders >>1.4 ng/ml was a good pretreatment selection of responders to treatment and cut off level for IL-29 >=2.83 ng/ml for pretreatment selection of responders, while for pretreatment Viral load the best cut off value for discrimination between responders and non responders was >1400 IU/ml These cut –off value were found to be sensitive and specific for prediction of response treatment in patients with CHC. Conclusion: The results suggested that pretreatment measuremrnt the serum IP-10 and serum IL-29 can be used as predictors for response of treatment in patients with CHC.

[Soheir Abd El-Rahman Saleh, Sabah Ibraheem Abd-Rahem, Asmaa Mohamed Ibrahim. Role of serum interlukine 29 and interferon γ inducible protein 10 as predictive markers for hepatitis C treatment response. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):29-33]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.06.

Key words: HCV, CHC, IL-29, IP-10, Predictors for interferon therapy

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Comparative Study between Microperimetry and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Before and After Intravitreal Injection of Aflibercept in Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration

Prof. Dr. Ahmed Salah Abdel Rehim, Dr. Ahmad Elsayed Hudieb, and Ahmed Mohamed Nashaat Ali Rady

Ophthalmolog Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

dr_ahmed_nashaat@hotmail.com

Abstract: Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a progressive, degenerative disease of the macula and it is the leading cause of irreversible loss of visual acuity in patients over the age of 50 years. OCTA can detect changes in choroidal blood vessel flow and can elucidate the presence of choroidal neovascularization and structural changes in AMD. Microperimetry has allowed highly precise measurements of the functional retinal sensitivity and considering a measure of progression, of the pathological changes in AMD. This study is to assess and compare functional and structural retinal changes in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treated with2mg/0.1mlintravitrealaflibercept three times with an interval of one month each.

[Ahmed Salah Abdel Rehim, Ahmad Elsayed Hudieb, and Ahmed Mohamed Nashaat Ali Rady. Comparative Study between Microperimetry and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Before and After Intravitreal Injection of Aflibercept in Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):34-43]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.07.

Keywords: Comparative; Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA); Microperimetry; Aflibercept; Wet Age Related Macular Degeneration

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Effect of Tamoxifen on Histochemical Structure of the Ovary in Adult Albino Rats

Mahmoud Ibrahim Al-Naggar M.D, Abd-Elmaboud Emara El- sayed M.D, and Mohammed Younis Sobhey

Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Egypt.

mys442233@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: The harmful effect of the tamoxifen on the ovary have been reported and as the widespread use of tamoxifen as the only antiestrogen available for the treatment of breast cancer has naturally leed to a close reexamination of both the laboratory and clinical toxicology of the drug. Close monitoring of clinical information is extremely important to ensure the safety of patients either on clinical trials or within the approved treatment community. Aim of the Work: Is to evaluate the histochemical effects of therapeutic doses of tamoxifen on the ovary of adult albino rats. Material and Methods: A total number of 45 adult female albino rats were used in this study for 30 days as follows: Group 1 (Control group):15 animals served as control group and orally administrated distilled water, Group 2, (Treated group): 15 animals were given tamoxifen orally through a metal tube in a dose of 0.5 mg/day equal to 20mg/day for human for 15 days. The tamoxifen dissolved in 0.5 ml of propylene glycol, Group 3 (Recovery group): 15 animals were given tamoxifen orally through ametal tube in adose of 0.5 mg/day equal to 20mg/day for human for 15 day and stoped for the same period. the tamoxifen dissolve in 0.5 ml of propylene glycol. At the end of the experimental study, the ovarian tissue taken for histochemical structure. Results: Comparing with control group the it was found that the ovaries of adult treated and recovery animals were apparently smaller in size and weight the surface epithelium was formed one layer of small attenuated cells with narrow tunica albuginea underneath. The granulose cells were apparently fewer in number with small darkly stained nuclei with no apparent sign of activity. Conclusion: The observations of the present work indicate a possible causal relationship between ovarian affection and ingestion of tamoxifen. This can be avoided by close medical observations using ultrasonography for ovaries the drug should not be used for more than three to six cycles and stopped for at least three cycles before reuse.

[Mahmoud Ibrahim Al-Naggar M.D, Abd-Elmaboud Emara El- sayed M.D, and Mohammed Younis Sobhey. Effect of Tamoxifen on Histochemical Structure of the Ovary in Adult Albino Rats. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):44-51]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.08.

Key Words: Tamoxifen, ovary, Fertility

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Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Colchicine Affected Testes of Adult Albino Rats

Gamal Sayed Ahmad Desouky M.D, Ashraf Abd El-Rahman Mohamed M.D, Sobhy Hassan Ewis M.D and ELsayed ELsayed Hamed Jahin M.S.c.

Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Egypt.

ah_agaba@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: The harmful effects of colchicine on male fertility have been reported in experimental and clinical studies. However, the protective effect of vitamin E against this toxicity and the reversibility of colchicine induced testicular toxicity after its withdrawal is still a matter of controversy. Aim of the Work: to examine the effect of nicotine administration on albino rat testis and to study the potential role of nicotine withdrawal and vitamin E on the amelioration of the nicotine effect on the testis. Material and Methods: Twenty adult male Wister albino rats of 8-10 weeks and weighting 200-250 gm were used. The animals were obtained from the animal house, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. All experiments were carried out according to the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. The outcome of this study shows that the toxic effect of colchicine was improved and concomitant administration vitamin E, so, it is advisable to give vit E as early as possible for avoiding damage of the testicular tissue.

[Gamal Sayed Ahmad Desouky, Ashraf Abd El-Rahman Mohamed, Sobhy Hassan Ewis and ELsayed ELsayed Hamed Jahin. Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Colchicine Affected Testes of Adult Albino Rats. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):52-58]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.09.

Key Words: Colchicine, Vitamin E, Testis

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Anatomical Variations of Insertion and Structure of transverse Rectus Muscles in Egyptian Strabismic Patients

Mohamed Abdul Haye Autifi M.D¹,Abdo Mohamed Elsharkawy M.D¹, Amr Abdelaal Elkamshoshy M.D² and Mohamed Khedr Kandeel¹

¹Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Egypt.

²Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.

profandeel@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: The possible anatomical variations of the EOM are of great importance because they must be adequately considered during surgical interventions. (1). Detailed understanding of length, width, point of insertion and the relationships between these muscles could be of significance for successful surgical outcomes (2). Aim of the work: The current study aims to evaluate the insertion distances of the horizontal rectus muscles in Egyptian strabismic patient as they differ in many races. This would help in refinement of the dose-response in strabismus surgery. This study also concerned with the structure of the horizontal rectus muscles in patients with strabismus, to evaluate either the structure may be a cause of strabismus or not. The previous aims would help in improvement of strabismus surgery prognosis in Egypt and decrease the rate of reoperations. Subject and method: The statistical part: A total number of 38 lateral rectus muscles of 19 patients with strabismus and 24 medial rectus muscles of 12 patient with strabismus included in this study to measure the distances between their insertions and the limbus (corneoscleral junction). The histological part: A total number of four lateral rectus muscles and two medial rectus muscles of patients with strabismus were included in this study to evaluate their histological structures under the light microscopy after staining with haematoxylin and eosin. One medial rectus muscles was obtained from a patient underwent enucleation to use it as a control. Results: the statistical part: the distances between the insertions of the horizontal rectus muscles and the limbus (the corneoscleral junction) in Egyptians were statistically different from other nationalities included in this study for comparison. The histological part: the muscle samples of both lateral and medial rectus muscles showed variations of their structures when compared by the control. Conclusion: the results of this study are specific to Egyptians, and provide an important knowledge about the insertion distances of the horizontal rectus muscles which are very important landmark in strabismus surgery. Also the study states that there is structural variations in the horizontal rectus muscles of the strabismus patients that may be a cause of the strabismus.

[Mohamed Abdul Haye Autifi, Abdo Mohamed Elsharkawy, Amr Abdelaal Elkamshoshy and Mohamed Khedr Kandeel. Anatomical Variations of Insertion and Structure of transverse Rectus Muscles in Egyptian Strabismic Patients. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):59-64]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.10.

Key words: lateral rectus muscles, medial rectus muscles, horizontal rectus muscles, insertion distance.

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Effect of Rosuvastatin and Ramipril on Angiogenesis in Drug-Induced Myocardial Infarction in the Adult Albino Rat

Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed Ebada M.D, Hussein Mohamed Fahmy Emara M.D and Ahmed Ahmed Mohammed Agaba M.S.c.

Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

ah_agaba@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is considered the major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Epinephrine is a natural catecholamine that simulates the actions of sympathetic nervous system (SNS) on the heart. Epinephrine administration in large doses causes changes similar in direction and magnitude to those found in the heart following myocardial infarction (MI). Angiogenesis takes place as a compensatory mechanism to provide blood supply to the ischemic myocardium. Enhancing angiogenesis -by using drugs- causes amelioration of MI and preservation of myocardial function. With the use of animal models in preclinical research, workers have acquired a large amount of information on the pathogenesis/progression of MI, which has aided the development of effective treatment options. Rosuvastatin and ramipril are drugs usually given in patients with MI as first line therapy. Aim of the Work: to explore the angiogenic effect of rosuvastatin in an experimentally-induced acute myocardial infarction in the adult albino rats. This study also aimed to reveal if ramipril has a stimulatory or inhibitory effect on angiogenesis or not. Materials and Methods: Fifty adult Wistar albino rats were maintained for 34 days as follows: Group 1, control group, group 2, epinephrine group [induction of MI by 2mg/kg/day, subcutaneously for 2 days], Group 3, ramipril group [induction of MI as group 2, then, administration of 3mg/kg/day ramipril, via gastric gavage for 30 days], group 4, rosuvastatin group [induction of MI as group 2, then, administration of 10mg/kg/day rosuvastatin, via gastric gavage for 30 days], group 4, rosuvastatin + ramipril group [induction of MI as group 2, then, administration of both 10mg/kg/day rosuvastatin and 3mg/kg/day ramipril, via gastric gavage for 30 days]. At the end of experimental study, cardiac tissues were taken for histological studies. Results: Comparing with the control it was found that, administration of epinephrine showed marked myocardial infarction and fibrosis. Administration of rosuvastatin alone or ramipril alone caused reduction of MI and fibrosis, but rosuvastatin group only showed marked angiogenesis. Simultaneous administration of rosuvastatin and ramipril achieved the best results according to reducing MI and fibrosis, but achieved the same picture of angiogenesis in rosuvastatin group. Conclusion: This study revealed that, epinephrine in large doses can produce MI and fibrosis. These lesions were greatly ameliorated by administration of both rosuvastatin and ramipril, with marked angiogenesis in the infarcted areas.

[Mohamed Mohamed Ahmed Ebada, Hussein Mohamed Fahmy Emara and Ahmed Ahmed Mohammed Agaba. Effect of Rosuvastatin and Ramipril on Angiogenesis in Drug-Induced Myocardial Infarction in the Adult Albino Rat. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):65-75]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.11.

Key Words: Myocardial Infarction, Angiogenesis, Rosuvastatin, Ramipril

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 Carrier Rate Of Urinary Tract Infections In Apparently Healthy Individuals In Ikare-Akoko, Ondo State. Nigeria

1*Fadipe D. O, 2Olajubu F. A, 3Akinseye J. F, and 4Fadipe A. O

1Health Centre, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko. Ondo-State.
2 Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko. Ondo State.
3Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti. Ekiti-State.
4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ondo State School of Health Technology, Akure. Ondo State *Corresponding Author: dipedare@gmail.com, +2347019873132

Abstract: Three hundred midstream urine samples were randomly collected from apparently healthy male and female subjects (not showing symptoms of urinary tract infection), and were examined for urinary tract infection. Samples from these subjects indicated conditions of bacteriuria, Candidiasis and Schistosomiasis. Seventy-five (75) of these samples gave significant bacterial growth (Colony forming unit ≥ 10 5 /ml). Escherichia coli was the most prevalent microorganism 25 (33.3%), followed by Staphylococcus species 16(21.3%), Staph aureus 12(16%), Enterococcus faecalis 10 (13.3%), Klebsiella oxytoca 5(6.8%), Lactobacillus acidophilus 4(5.3%), Proteus mirabilis 3(4.0%). Also Candida albicans was isolated from ten (10) cases and ova of Schistosoma heamatobium were seen in two of the subjects. The bacterial isolates showed varied degrees of sensitivity to the antibiotics used against them. The quinolones and Nitrofurantoin showed nearly 100% of effectiveness against the different isolates while Ampicillin, Tetracycline and Septrin showed the least percentage antimicrobial activity.
[ Fadipe D. O, Olajubu F. A, Akinseye J. F, and Fadipe A. O. Carrier Rate Of Urinary Tract Infections In Apparently Healthy Individuals In Ikare-Akoko, Ondo State. Nigeria. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):76-81]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.12.

Key Words: Carriers, Urinary tract infection, Apparently healthy individuals

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Socket Preservation Using Atorvastatin Loaded in Growth Factor Plasma Rich Fibrin Scaffold: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Ihab S. Abd El-Hamid1, Khaled A. Abdel–Ghaffar2, Ola M. Ezzatt2, Fatma H. El Demerdash2, Noha N. EL-Zalabany, Marwan F. Antar3

1. Ph.D, Oral Pathology, Director of Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
2. Ph.D, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
3. MD, Periodontology, Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Email: ihab.said@miuegypt.edu.eg

Abstract: Background: Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) technology develops a fibrin network to promote tissue regeneration through growth factor delivery from the platelets, while statins stimulate the differentiation of stem cells to osteoblasts and bone formation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinically and histologically the use of PRGF derived fibrin scaffold as a carrier for atorvastatin for alveolar socket preservation. Methods: Thirty patients having premolars scheduled for extraction were randomly assigned into three equal groups; Group I received PRGF fibrin scaffold loaded with Atorvastatin (PRGF/ATV), Group II received (PRGF) alone and Group III had their sockets left to heal spontaneously (Control). Clinical parameters included ridge width, average buccal and palatal crest heights measured at baseline and 8 weeks’ post-extraction. Core biopsies stained with Masson’s Trichrome were examined. Results: Group I had the lowest mean percentage reduction in ridge width, Group II had the lowest reduction in buccal and palatal heights. The mean ridge width and height of Group I and II was higher and statistically different from that of the control Group III at 8 weeks’ post-extraction but differences between groups were not significant in any of the clinical parameter. The total collagen surface area and the average trabecular size were significantly higher in socket augmented with PRGF than from those augmented with (PRGF/ATV) and both were significantly higher from that of control group. Conclusions: Sites augmented with PRGF and PRGF/ATV showed significantly higher newly formed osteoid tissue and mineralized bone trabeculae compared to spontaneously healed socket after 8 weeks. This finding suggested that PRGF fibrin scaffold was osteoconductive and acted as a natural scaffold for new bone formation and proved bone stimulatory effect of Atorvastatin. However, none of the interventions was completely successful in preserving alveolar dimensions in a full manner.
[Ihab S. Abd El-Hamid, Khaled A. Abdel–Ghaffar, Ola M. Ezzatt, Fatma H. El Demerdash, Noha N. EL-Zalabany, Marwan F. Antar. Socket Preservation Using Atorvastatin Loaded in Growth Factor Plasma Rich Fibrin Scaffold: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):82-91]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.13.

Keywords: Clinical Trial; Growth Factors; Plasma; Statin; Tooth Socket.

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Synthesis of (Solvent-Based) PU Composite as Coating Materials

Assitant. Prof. Amr E. Allam¹, Dr. Abd El-moniem A. Mahmoud² and Aya Gamal Afifi Byomi¹

¹Textile Dyeing and Finishing Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Arts, Helwan University, Egypt

²Dr. of Textile Printing Technology

ayaelgaml@gmail.com

Abstract: As PU considered as one of unique polymer that achieve especial characteristics, Solvent based PU composite was investigated as a textile coating material, solubility,viscosity and fixation condition were studied, the study confirmed that the PU with concentration 30% achieved the best composite recipe with addition of 0.5% activator.

[Amr E.Allam, Abd El-moniem A. Mahmoud and Aya Gamal Afifi Byomi. Synthesis of (Solvent-Based) PU Composite as Coating Materials. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):92-99]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 14. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.14.

Keywords: Synthesis; Solvent-Based; PU Composite; Coating Material

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The Possible Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Lead Acetate Toxicity on the Testes of Adult Albino Rats

Mohammed Abdel-Hamid Swilum M.D, Alaa Aldein Sayed Elsagheir M.D and Ahmed El-Sayed Yousef M.S.C

Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
Ay235910@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Lead (pb) is considered to be one of the major environmental pollutants which have potential threat to human health. Exposure to lead is still a major medical problem in both environmental and occupational settings. Aim of the work: To detect the possible harmful effects of lead acetate on the testes of adult albino rat and to study the effect of lead acetate withdrawal and to detect whether vitamin E will reverse these harmful effects or not. Material and Methods: forty mal albino rats were maintained for 20 days as follows: Group1, control group, group 2, lead acetate group (20 mg/kg/day, intrapertonial (IP), Group 3, lead acetate withdrawal (20 mg/kg/day (IP) ) then sacrified20 days after the last dose, group 4, lead acetate + vitamin E ( 600 mg/kg/day (IP) ). At the end of experimental study, testicular tissues and blood samples were taken for histological and laboratory studies. Result: Comparing with the control it was found that, simultaneous administration of vitamin E with lead acetate and lead acetate withdrawal showed protective effect against histotoxicity and laboratory results of lead acetate, through increases in the thickness of germinal epithilum with significant increase in the size of the seminiferouse tubules, sperm count and significant increase in serum testosterone level. Conclusion: Lead acetate can be considered as an environmental genotoxic material that could destroy testicular tissues in short time duration while lead acetae withdrawal and vitamin E could produce partial protection through its antioxidant mechanism. Further studies are necessary to illuminate the other dark sides of lead acetae on infertility in human and to discover others protective agents against its toxicity. According to our results we recommend administration of vitamin E as a dietary supplement to human population exposed to lead toxicity.
[Mohammed Abdel-Hamid Swilum, Alaa Aldein Sayed Elsagheir and Ahmed El-Sayed Yousef. The Possible Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Lead Acetate Toxicity on the Testes of Adult Albino Rats. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):100-106]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 15. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.15.

Key words: Lead acetate, Testes, Vitamin E, Fertility.

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Karyotype analysis of a Sarotherodon cf. galilaeus fish, Wesafu and two conspecifics, Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron Ruppel and Sarotherondon galilaeus galilaeus (Linnaeus)

Popoola Michael Olaoluwa, Akintoye, Maroof Adeniyi, Akintoye Favour Modupe

Department of Zoology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

hestillguides@yahoo.com

Abstract: The chromosome sets of a Sarotherodon cf. galialeus commonly called Wesafu was investigated while the chromosome of S. melanotheron melanotheron and S. galilaeus galilaeus were re-evaluated. The mitotic chromosome spread of Wesafu, S. g. galilaeus and S. m. melanotheron were 2n=44, with a characteristics tilapia marker of a long pair of chromosome. However, the autosomal fundamental numbers of the fishes were 76, 80 and 72 respectively. The karyotype of Wesafu showed 1nm + 2nsm + 1sm + 9nsm + 3nst + 6t while S. g. galilaeus has 2m + 6nsm + 10nst + 4t and S. m. melanotheron has 3nsm + 11nsm + 6 nst + 2t. The length of diploid set of the chromosome of Wesafu ranges between 1.81µm and 0.59µm for the longest and the shortest chromosomes respectively. However, the karyotype obtained for S. m. melanotheron and S. g. galilaeus indicated cytoforms of their respective species.

[Popoola Michael Olaoluwa, Akintoye, Maroof Adeniyi, Akintoye Favour Modupe. Karyotype analysis of a Sarotherodon cf. galilaeus fish, Wesafu and two conspecifics, Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron Ruppel and Sarotherondon galilaeus galilaeus (Linnaeus). Nat Sci 2018;16(7):107-118]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 16. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.16.

Keywords: Wesafu, Lagoon, Karyotype, Chromosome, Sarotherodon

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Bioavailability and Genotoxicity of glyphosate treated soil on Archachatina marginata

Angela C. Udebuani¹, Ethelbert U, Ezeji¹, Reuben C. Agu¹, Ikechukwu N. E. Onwurah² and Priscilla N. Abara³

¹Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri Nigeria

²Department of Biochemistry, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu State Nigeria

³Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria

ucheezeji@gmail.com

Abstract: The study of the effects of contaminants of emerging concern such as glyphosate on non-target organisms such as African snail (Archachatina marginata), with emphasis on the genomic DNA profile, is of great toxicological importance in terms of risk assessment. Until recently, genetic effects were largely inferred from observations of genotype. With the ability to perform DNA sequencing and use of PCR, it has become possible to determine genetic variations occasioned by environmental toxicants through the Science of Genomics. Archachatina marginata’s nature and way of life offers an excellent model animal for the study of the sensitivity of some terrestrial animals to environmental stress induced by chemical pesticides such as glyphosate. In this study, the African giant snail was exposed to soil samples spiked with different concentrations of glyphosate for several weeks and their genomic DNA extracted and subjected to electrophoresis. Amplification of the various DNA bands was carried out using an OMnE-PCR System programming. Our result shows that the AP-PCR genotypic profile with oligonucleotide prima OPA (gaaacgggtg) on DNA of Archachatina marginata exposed to glyphosate for a period of 7 days gave varying number of fragments with different amplification bands, corresponding to different molecular weights or sizes. Similarly, in comparing the length of time of exposure to glyphosate, it was observed that newer DNA fragments with higher intensity and larger molecular sizes were obtained from DNA amplification as against the control that remained the same, except for the unique band (100-400bp) that was observed in all the snails (exposed and unexposed). It can be inferred from this study that since glyphosate caused increased number of DNA fragments and significantly varying molecular sizes in the African giant snail after an exposure, it has the potential mutagenicity that could induce genotoxicity on non-target organisms.

[Udebuani AC, Ezeji EU, Agu RC, Onwurah INE, Abara PN. Bioavailability and Genotoxicity of glyphosate treated soil on Archachatina marginata. Nat Sci 2018;16(7):119-125]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 17. doi:10.7537/marsnsj160718.17.

Keywords: Genotoxicity, Pesticide, Risk assessment, Soil

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