No.

Titles / Authors

Full

Text

No.

1

An Allometric Growth Estimation of Peganum harmala L. Species Collected from Gilgit and Ghizir Districts of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan

Zahra Begum, Tika Khan

Department of Biological Sciences, Karakoram International University, Gilgit-Baltistan.

tika.khan@kiu.edu.pk

Abstract: Peganum harmala, vernacularly named as ‘Ispandur’ in Gilgit Baltistan. Traditionally it used as folk medicine for relief of eye irritation and other inflammatory diseases. Its seeds are given to children to make them strong and brave. Pregnant women avoid using it because of its abortifacient effect. Research revealed that in its three months lifecycle its leaves grow 5.6 mm per day in Gilgit and 4.5 mm in Ghizer. The leaf length is 3.055 cm and width is 0.162 cm in Gilgit in average. In Gahkuch the length is 2.87 cm and width is 0.13 cm. Shoot grows 70.6cm in average in Gilgit and 13.3cm in Ghizer.

[Zahra Begum, Tika Khan. An Allometric Growth Estimation of Peganum harmala L. Species Collected from Gilgit and Ghizir Districts of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):1-4]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.01.

Key words: Peganum harmala, Zygophyllaceae, antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor

Full Text

1

2

Statistical and Comparative Analysis of Temperature and Rain in Fergana

Gayratjon Hasanboevich Berdiev ¹, Elmurod Alievich Soliev ²

¹ Independent Researcher, Senior Lecturer, Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan, ghairatjohn@gmail.com

² Ph.D. Sciences, Associate Professor, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan, elmurodsoliev74@mail.ru

Abstract. The article provides a comparative analysis of the calculated results of air temperature and precipitation values and amounts for different climatic periods for 1934-2020, according to the Fergana meteorological station. The linear trends of perennial average air temperature are positive for selected periods, the highest average annual air temperature was observed in the last 5 years, corresponding to winter months, + 0.7°C in the main climatic period, annual temperature +1 in the following period , Increased by 9°C and in summer by + 0.7°C and + 1.4°C, respectively, winter temperature rose more than summer temperature, linear trend of winter, spring and summer precipitation was positive, linear trend of autumn precipitation while it was found to be negative in appearance.

[Gayratjon Hasanboevich Berdiev, Elmurod Alievich Soliev. Statistical and Comparative Analysis of Temperature and Rain in Fergana. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):5-12]. ISSN1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.02

Keywords: Fergana Valley, temperature, precipitation, statistical analysis, base climate, current climate

Full Text

2

3

Problems Of Protection And Reproduction Of Trees And Bushes In Mountain Conditions Of The Middle Zerafshan Valley.

Adilova Ozoda Amonovna

Jizzakh State Pedagogical Institute. PhD.

Abstract: The article provides information that the mountains surrounding the Middle Zeravshan Valley were completely covered with trees and shrubs during periods of weak anthropogenic influence. The contribution of forests to an increase in spring and river water in the mountains, a decrease in soil erosion is shown. The possibility of afforestation is substantiated by the example of planting trees and shrubs on an experimental site in the Gobdin mountains.

[Adilova Ozoda Amonovna. Problems Of Protection And Reproduction Of Trees And Bushes In Mountain Conditions Of The Middle Zerafshan Valley. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):13-17]. ISSN1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.03.

Keywords: Middle Zeravshan valley, Zeravshan river, Turkestan ridge, Zeravshan ridge, spruce, shale, almond, degradation, tree, bush, stream, spring.

Full Text

3

4

Spatio-Temporal variation in Phytoplankton Distribution and Abundance in a Tropical Freshwater Body in Niger Delta, Nigeria.

George, U. U¹., Mbong, E.O²., Ita, R. E³.

¹Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campus, Akwa Ibom State

           ² Department of Environmental Biology, Heritage Polytechnic, Ikot Udoata, Eket, Akwa Ibom State

                     ³Department of Botany and Ecological Studies, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom   State.

Email: ubonggeorge@aksu.edu.ng

Abstract: The spatio-temporal variation in phytoplankton abundance of Mbo River was investigated within a 10 months period beginning from November 2017 to August, 2018. Phytoplankton samples were collected from three stations and analyzed using standard methods. In this study, 3255 phytoplankton (individuals) belonging to four (4) classes, 36 genera and 44 species were encountered. They included Baccillariophyceae (29 species), Chlorophyceae (14), Dinophyceae (9) and Cyanobacteria (2). During the entire study period, the group Bacillariophyceae dominated and contributed about 65.4% to the total phytoplankton number. Chlorophyceae (20.4%) ranked second in terms of density part of the community, Dinophyceae recorded about 11.2% of the total phytoplankton number and Cyanobacteria was the least encountered species (3.0 %) to the total phytoplankton community. Percentage composition of phytoplankton revealed Baccillariophyceae > Chlorophyceae > Dinophyceae > Cynobacteria. The dominant species in the phytoplankton groups were: Odontalla aurita, Cosmarium amoerum, Ceratium tripos and Microcystic aeruginosa. All the phytoplankton groups showed significant differences across the sampling stations (p< 0.05) except Cyanobacteria. Phytoplankton abundance was higher in dry season while clear decline in abundance was recorded in the rainy season. There were significant differences (p< 0.05) in the abundance of phytoplankton groups in the dry and rainy seasons.

 [George, UU., Mbong, EO., Ita, RE. Spatio-Temporal variation in Phytoplankton Distribution and Abundance in a Tropical Freshwater Body in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):18-26]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.04.

Keywords: Phytoplankton, Tropical Freshwater body, Spatio-temporal, Abundance, Pollution, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Full Text

4

5

Nucleotide Sequencing of Bacteria Associated With Ready To Eat Suya (Tsire) – Roasted Meat Sold At Okitipupa And Ore Communities of  Ondo State, Nigeria

Adeyemo I.A,* Fashina K.O and Ikuesan F.A.

Biological Sciences Department, Microbiology Unit

Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa, Ondo State, Nigeria.

adeyemiyourfriend@gmail.com;

Abstract: Suya meat samples for this study were purchased at different locations of Ore and Okitipupa communities to evaluate its microbial load and advise safety consumption measures for its hundreds of millions consumers. Serial dilutions of the homogenized suya meat were prepared and cultured on MacConkey, Nutrient and Blood agar incubated at 37^OC for 24 hours. DNA of pure isolates were done by extraction with solution–based JENA Bioscience Bacteria DNA Preparation kit. rRNA gene of isolates was carried out using universal primers for bacteria. The PCR products were then purified using ethanol precipitation and thereafter sequenced with automated DNA sequencing machine. The optimal tree with the sum of branch length are as follows: 3.23634780, 3.49366796 and 3.54608845. The trees are drawn to scale, with branch lengths in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. This analysis involved 13 amino acid sequences, and there were a total of 433 positions in the final dataset. Results revealed the identity of isolates as Lysinibacillus pakistanensis SN6-4 (MT071723.1), Alcaligenes sp. DST I94 (MH793390.1), Proteus mirabilis OG020 (MK641335.1) with 70 – 100% ribosomal RNA homology. It is then concluded that although isolation of  bacteria with antimicrobial characteristics in suya is an advantage, suya also has opportunistic pathogenic bacteria that is raising health concerns  hence consumers should be guided to ensure that they consume well roasted ready to eat suya to prevent food poisoning.

[Adeyemo IA, Fashina KO, Ikuesan FA. Nucleotide Sequencing of Bacteria Associated With Ready To Eat Suya (Tsire) – Roasted Meat Sold At Okitipupa And Ore Communities of  Ondo State, Nigeria

Nat Sci 2021;19(4):27-36]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.05.

Keywords: Suya, roasted meat, phylogenetic trees, pathogenic, antimicrobial, DNA

Full Text

5

6

Preavalence And Factors Associated With Induced Abortion Among Womens Who Attend Woreda 9 Health Center Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017

Abebe Feyissa* ,Dr. Worku Bedada**

School Of Health Science, Department Of Nursing, Salale University, Ethiopia, 2017

abebefeyissa21@gmail.com , wbwaktola@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background:-Unsafe abortion is one of the most medical and public health problems in developing countries including Ethiopia.  Approximately 21.6million unsafe abortions are performed worldwide every `year. However, there is lack of up to date and reliable information on prevalence and associated risk factors of Induced Abortion in the Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. From the fragmented studies conducted in Ethiopia, we can see that the prevalence of induced abortion and its negative consequences are increasing from time to time in our country.  Objective: - To assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of induced abortion among all women who receive induced abortion care service in woreda 9 health center Addis Ababa from November 30, 2016 up to May 30, 2017. Methods:-Institutional based cross sectional study was carried out on all women who receive induced abortion care service in woreda 9 health center Addis Ababa from November 30, 2016 up to May 30, 2017.Convenience non probability sampling technique was employed on daily visit of women who receive induced abortion care service in health center. The date was collected using pre tested questionnaire. The data was analyzed using tally sheet, scientific calculator and by spss version 16. Descriptive analysis was used also the data was frequencies, and cross-tabulation of the dependent  and independent variable using chi-square and level of significance < 0.050. Results: from total participant 291, one hundred thirty-five women (46.4%) had abortions. A total of two hundred eighteen (74.9%) women reported to be current users of contraceptives. Most of the reason given to abort was socio-demographic (8.90%) followed by contraceptive failure (6.90%). Participants show that their first pregnancy was aged between20-24. This involve105 (36.10%) of them where the mean age for the first pregnancy was 19.74 (SD+8.579). 85(29.20%) of the respondent stated no child, 44(15.10%) of the respondent informed having one child and closely following 43 (14.80%) of the respondent informed having 2 children. Conclusion and recommendation: in this study, induced abortion was prevalent in 46.40% (135) of participant. About 102 (35.00%) of the participant reported unwanted pregnancy associated with induced abortion (p-value 0.000), contraceptive failure was related with this unwanted pregnancy in 29 (10.00%), the most failed method of contraceptive was found to be pill method 14(4.80%) with association in this study result of 5.999(p-value=0.050). The zonal health office should work in educating how to use contraceptive correctly, and school administrator have to give their student how to practice safe sexual practice.

[Abebe Feyissa , Worku Bedada. Preavalence And Factors Associated With Induced Abortion Among Womens Who Attend Woreda 9 Health Center Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):37-48, ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.06.

Keywords: Preavalence; Factor; Abortion; Women; Health; Ethiopia

Full Text

6

7

Study the Effect of the most Important Economic Variables on the Agricultural labor Market in Egypt

Dr. Eman Salem El.Batran, Dr. Doaa Samir Mohamed Morsy Ahmed, Dr. Manal Ibrahim Mahmoud

Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

Email: d.doaasamir@yahoo.com

Abstract: The results indicate that there is a statistically inverse relationship between the number of labors in the agricultural sector and the productivity of the agricultural labor at real prices, and the real wage of the non-agricultural labor, as it was found that each of them decreased by the unit amount leads to an increase in the demand for agricultural labor by 0.39 million labors, 0.02 million labors. It was also found that there is a statistically significant direct relationship between the number of labors in the agricultural sector and the real agricultural GDP, as it was found that by increasing the value of the real agricultural GDP by one billion pounds, it leads to an increase in the demand for agricultural labor by about 0.06 million labors. The results also showed that there is a statistically positive correlation between the agricultural labor supply and the demand for agricultural labor, and the productivity of the agricultural labor at real prices, as an increase in each of them by a unit leads to an increase in the agricultural labor force by about 1.30 million labors, 0.039 million labors. The results indicate the inefficiency of the human labor component and that the expansion of production depends on the use of agricultural technology, as the average value of the real agricultural labor’s wage per year is about 8.98 thousand pounds, the marginal product value of the agricultural labor is 6.29 thousand pounds, and this indicates that the wage that the agricultural labor gets The value of marginal product exceeds it, that is, there is a decrease in the demand for agricultural labor, an intensification of the use of capital, and a substitution of the capital component at the expense of the labor component. It was also found that the variables affecting the agricultural labor market increased continuously during the forecast period, as the agricultural labor supply and the demand for agricultural labor increased from 7.83, 6.75 million labors in 2019 to about 8.28, 6.97 million labors in 2025. As shown by the increase in the agricultural labor’s wages. From about 32.93 thousand pounds in 2019 to about 40.59 thousand pounds in 2025, and agricultural GDP and agricultural investments increased from about 424.35, 49.21 billion pounds in 2019 to about 477.40, 56.86 billion pounds in 2025, and an increase in the agricultural unemployment rate from 13.79% in 2019 To 16.68% in 2025.

[Eman Salem El. Batran, Doaa Samir Mohamed Morsy Ahmed, Manal Ibrahim Mahmoud. Study the Effect of the most Important Economic Variables on the Agricultural labor Market in Egypt. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):49-58]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature  7. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.07.

Keyword: The agricultural labor market - technological substitution - forecasting

Full Text

7

8

Geoecological state of geosystems Middle Zarafshan Oasis

B.B. Eshkuvvatov, I.O. Orifjonova, Sh.U.Mustafoyeva

Abstract: This article will cover the geosystems of the middle of the Zarafshan Oasis, which has a unique natural environment and the disclosure of its task of creating factors and stabilization.

[B. B. Eshkuvvatov, I.O. Orifjonova, Sh.U. Mustafoyeva. Geoecological state of geosystems Middle Zarafshan Oasis. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):59-62]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online).

http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.08.

Keywords: geosystem, oasis landscape, agrolandshaft, irrigation, agriculture, erosion, saltling, degradation, desertification.

Full Text

8

9

Land Fund And Ecological Aspects Of Improvement Of Land Circumstance

Abbasov Subkhon¹, Alimdjanov Nozimdjon²,  Mirzahmedov Ismoiljon³

¹Department of Geography Samarkand state University, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan,

^2,3Department of Geography, Namangan State University, Uychi street 160136, Uzbekistan

mirzahmedovismoil@mail.ru

Abstract: This article provides information on the soil and environmental conditions of Namangan region and measures to prevent them. as well as the dynamics of soil salinization and the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on it were determined using statistical data.

[Abbasov S, Alimdjanov N, Mirzahmedov I. Land Fund And Ecological Aspects Of Improvement Of Land Circumstance. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):63-65]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online).

http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.09.

Key words: soil, groundwater, ecological, salinity, reclamation.

Full Text

9

10

Blood Biochemical, Haematological, Immunity Response and Diarrhea Incidence of Early Weaning Friesian Calves Supplemented With Bee Pollen and Black Seeds

Mohsen, M.K.¹; E.M. Abdel-Raouf¹; H.M.A. Gaafar² and R.A. Mesbah²

1- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.

2- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

hamedgaafar@gmail.com

Abstract: The current work was carried out to investigate the effect of bee pollen (BP) and black seeds (BS) as natural additive on blood biochemical and haematological, immunity response and diarrhea incidence of early weaning Friesian calves. Twenty-four newly born Friesian calves (12 males and 12 females) with average live body weight of 31 ± 0.26 kg were suckled their dam’s colostrum for three days and divided into six similar groups (2 males and 2 females in each group) according to their live body weight and month of birth. The experimental period lasted 180 days over three consecutive periods (60 days each). All claves were fed a basal diet consisted of whole milk, calf starter and fresh berseem during suckling period and on calf starter and fresh berseem during 1^st post weaning period or concentrate feed mixture, berseem hay and rice straw during 2^nd post weaning period. Group1 given their diet without any additives and served as control, while G2 and G3 groups were supplemented with 5 or 10g BP/head/day in their diets, respectively. While, the diets of G4 and G5 groups were supplemented with 5 or 10 g BS/head/day, respectively. Lastly, G6 group was supplemented with 2.5 g BP + 2.5 g BS/head/day. Results showed that G3 and G5 showed the highest concentrations of total protein and globulin in blood plasma followed by G2, G4 and G6, while G1 the lowest concentrations during suckling, 1^st and 2^nd post weaning periods. While, albumin concentration was nearly for the different groups. Plasma creatinine, urea-N concentrations as well as AST and ALT enzymes were significantly lower (P<0.05) in G3 and G5 compared to G1, while in G2, G4 and G6 were intermediate with insignificant differences during the different periods. The counts of white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes in blood of Friesian calves improved significantly (P<0.05) with BP and BS additives with the best results in G3 and G5 compared to G1 during experimental periods. Groups 3 and 5 recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest RBC’s count, HGB concentration and HCT percentage followed by G2, G4 and G6, while G1 had the lowest values during the three periods. The high levels of BP and BS additives in G3 and G5 recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest values of MCV, MCH, MCHC and RDW, while the lowest values were in G1 during the different periods. Groups 3 and 5 (10 g BP and BS) recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest values of PLT, PCT, MPV and PDW, while G1 had the lowest values during the different stages. Groups 3 and 5 recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM and IgA) concentrations in plasma followed by G2, G4 and G6, while the lowest values were in G1 during the 3^rd and 6^th months of age. The BP and BS additive decreased significantly (P<0.05) the percentage of diarrhea incidence during suckling and 1^st post weaning periods with the lowest value in G5 and decreased gradually with advancing age from the birth to the fourth month of age. In conclusion, the high level of BP and BS additives (10 g/head/day) improved blood biochemical, haemotological and immunoglobulins as well as reduced diarrhea incidence of suckling and post weaning Friesian calves.

[Mohsen M.K., Abdel-Raouf E.M., Gaafar H.M.A., Mesbah R.A. Blood Biochemical, Haematological, Immunity Response and Diarrhea Incidence of Early Weaning Friesian Calves Supplemented With Bee Pollen and Black Seeds. Nat Sci 2021;19(4):66-75]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.10.

Keywords: Friesian calves, bee pollen, black seeds, blood biochemical and haematological, immunity response and diarrhea incidence.

Full Text

10

11

The Impact of Change Management on Organizational Performance in the light of global changes: A Case Study of Coca-Cola Company

Eng. Hatem Mohammed Alshmrani

Projects Manager, MBA in Process, Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM)

hatem_022@hotmail.com

Abstract: Change has become a necessity for development and success. There is a set of successive changes that are not limited to the external environment but affect many internal organizational work aspects. Coca-Cola is an American company for soft refreshments. It was established in 1886 in the U.S.A. by pharmacist John Stith in his lab. It's known as a leading company for producing a variety kind of soft drinks. The firm has applied several change management techniques to maintain itself in the global market. The company faced many challenges and problems in many countries and faced aggressive competition from its biggest competitor, Pepsi, and other challenges from the political, social, and economic environment. The company met several internal difficulties in its production, marketing operations and developed multiple strategies to move from the uncertain situation by adopting change management models. The company handled many challenges of sustainable development. It produced its products in a recyclable way and compatible with customers' needs by making products free of sugars and sodium. The company managed the current Corona (Covid -19) crisis by reviewing its production operations & supply chain and restructuring the company in more than one country to confront the pandemic and fulfil all concerned parties' desires. In this research, all of the above have been analyzed in detail, and many recommendations have been developed accordingly for additional continued improvement with full citations.

[Hatem Mohammed Alshmrani. The Impact of Change Management on Organizational Performance in the light of global changes: A Case Study of Coca-Cola Company Nat Sci 2021;19(4):76-91].ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature  11.doi:10.7537/marsnsj190421.11.

Keywords: Chain Management, PESTEL analysis, Covid 19-forces, Change Management Models, Barriers to Change.

Full Text

11