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Abstract: Aim: Here we try to compare antagonist protocol versus short protocol in females suffering from poor responders. Methods: This study is a retrospective study done in EL Galaa Assisted Reproductive Center in El GALAA Teaching Hospital over a period of 10 years from January 2015 till June 2025. In this study we recorded 200 poor responders’ females underwent ICSI cycles where half of them were on antagonist protocol and other half were on short protocol; Group A: Antagonist protocol for 100 poor responder females. Group B: Short protocol for 100 poor responders’ females. Both groups take the same starting maximum dose 450 IU of the same HMG drug. We recorded the results according to: number of days of stimulation, number of oocytes retrieved, number of M2 oocytes, pregnancy rate. Results: We recorded the following. Age mean in group A was 39.23 ±2.17, and in group b was 39.35 ± 1.86, where p value was 0.67 i.e. > 5%, so age was statistically insignificant difference between both groups. BMI in group A mean was 33.06 ±1.0, and group b mean was 33.15 ±1.4, where p value was 0.6 i.e. > 5% s, so BMI was statistically insignificant difference between both groups. Days of stimulation group A mean was 13.33 ± 2.12 days, group B mean was 13.47 ± 1.88 days, P value was 0.62 i.e. > 5%, so days of stimulation was statistically significant between both groups. Number of oocytes retrieved group A mean was 3.52 ± 1.72, and group B mean was 3.41 ± 2.37, p value was 0.71 i.e. > 5% w, so number of oocytes retrieved was statistically significant between both groups. Number of M2 oocytes group A mean was 1.31 ± 1.4 M2, and group B mean was 1.25 ± 1.73 M2, P value was 0.79 i.e. > 5%, So number M2 of oocytes retrieved was statistically significant between both groups. Pregnancy rate for group A mean was 0.05 ± 0.21 and group B mean was 0.04 ± 0.19, P value was 0.72 i.e. > 5%, so pregnancy rate was statistically insignificant between both groups. Conclusion: Comparison of Antagonist and short protocols in poor responders was statistically insignificant differences as regarding number of days of stimulation, number of oocytes retrieved, number of M2 oocytes and pregnancy rate.

[Wael Ahmed Ezzat Ammar. Antagonist Protocol versus Short Protocol in Poor Responders Nat Sci 2025,23(10):1-4]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 01. doi:10.7537/marsnsj231025.01

Keywords: Antagonist Protocol; Short Protocol; Poor Responders

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INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE

Berdiqulov Firdavs *, Xamrayev Kozimbek **

* PhD student of Samarkand state university

Email: firdavsberdiqulov95@gmail.com

** Researcher of Samarkand state university

Email: khamraev2@gmail.com

Abstract. This article analyzes the experience of both developed and developing foreign countries in advancing peri-urban agriculture. It highlights practical approaches employed in nations such as the United States, the Netherlands, France, and Russia for organizing peri-urban agricultural activities, ensuring the efficient use of land resources, introducing advanced technologies, and developing logistics and market infrastructure. The study also examines the possibilities of adapting these experiences to local conditions, with proposals and recommendations aimed at ensuring economic, environmental, and social harmony between urban and rural areas. The results of the research demonstrate that the countries under review apply diverse approaches to the spatial planning of peri-urban agriculture. In particular, around the city of Samarkand, vegetable farming, horticulture, and livestock breeding are identified as priority sectors, with specialization successfully implemented through zoning. The study substantiates the necessity of assessing peri-urban agriculture as a complex system that integrates ecological, economic, and social functions.

[Berdiqulov Firdavs, Xamrayev Kozimbek. INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF PERI-URBAN AGRICULTURE. Nat Sci 2025,23(10):5-9]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 02. doi:10.7537/marsnsj231025.02

Keywords: peri-urban agriculture, urbanization, agriculture, specialization, agro-industrial complex, foreign countries.

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Chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation in Uzbekistan

Bakhriddin Nishonov, Serik Isabekov, Laylo Saidmakhmudova

Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Email: s.isabekov58@gmail.com

Abstract: This article analyzes long-term observational data (2000–2024) collected from 12 hydrometeorological stations in Uzbekistan, focusing on the quantity of atmospheric precipitation, its chemical composition (mineralization, concentrations of anions and cations), and pH (acidity). The average annual pH values of precipitation ranged between 6.2 and 7.2, indicating slightly acidic to neutral conditions, and suggesting the occurrence of acid rain in some regions. The highest mineralization was recorded in Almalyk (188.4 mg/l), Shakhrisabz (157.9 mg/l) and Angren (155.8 mg/l), corresponding to areas with developed industrial sectors. Sulfates (30%), bicarbonates (28%), and calcium (15%) were the dominant ions in precipitation, influenced by both anthropogenic emissions and natural sources such as soil dust and rock weathering. The findings provide insights into the spatial variability of atmospheric pollution across Uzbekistan and highlight the role of both human activities and environmental factors in shaping the chemical composition of precipitation.

[Nishonov B. E., Isabekov S.R, Saidmakhmudova L.A. Chemical composition of atmospheric precipitation in Uzbekistan. Nat Sci 2025,23(10):10-16]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 03. doi:10.7537/marsnsj231025.03

Keywords: Atmospheric precipitation, chemical composition, anions, cations, pH, Uzbekistan, acid rain, mineralization.

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Effect of Cerastes Cerastes Venom on Thymus, Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands of the chick Embryo With reference to hadith of prophet Mohamed: kill the snakes

Manal G. Abd El Wahab¹, Sawsan G. Abd El Wahab², Huda G. Abd El Wahab^3, Amany Abd Elmoaty Mohamed Bayoumy⁴

¹Anatomy Department, Nasr City, Faculty of Medicine For Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

²Gynecology and obstetrics department- Badr General Hospital-  Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
³Phd child hood studies faculty of economic king abduaziz university KSA(previously )

⁴Consultant clinical pathology (Hematopathology), King Salman Medical City, KSA

Abstract: Objective: The effect of Cerastes cerastes venom on the chick embryo. Material and Methods: 80Dokky 4 fertile eggs were used in this study. The eggs were divided into two groups A & B. Group A contained 20 eggs as control and group B contained 60 eggs that were injected with sub lethal dose of crude fresh snake venom on the 15th day of incubation. The embryos were all extracted at 15 days of incubation after one hour of envenom injection. Results: The embryos treated with sub lethal dose were 40% dead. The living embryos treated with sub lethal dose had sever hemolysis externally with sluggish movement, the thymus had irregular cell arrangement in the stroma and ruptured ,mast cells- The parenchyma had excess lymphocytes in the cortex and less cells in the medulla. Epitheliocytes were prominent in the medulla. Wide spaces in the parenchyma were noted. The thyroid gland had ruptured cell cords, excess vesicular appearance of the ill-defined cells, and wide empty spaces. The Para thyroid gland had ill-defined cells with smaller nuclei and damaged cytoplasm. Irregular cell arrangements and wide spaces between the tissues were noted. Conclusion: Sub lethal effect of the venom on the embryo was evident and the exposure of pregnant women to snake venom should be treated carefully and promptly. The research confirmed the truth of the hadith of the prophet Mohammed   peace upon him who ordered to kill the rattle snakes.

[Manal G. Abd El Wahab, Sawsan G. Abd El Wahab, Huda G. Abd El Wahab^, Amany Abd Elmoaty Mohamed Bayoumy. Effect of Cerastes Cerastes Venom on Thymus, Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands of the chick –Embryo. Nat Sci 2025,23(10):17-26]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 04. doi:10.7537/marsnsj231025.04

Key words:   Cerastes Cerastes Venom; Thymus; Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands of the chick -Hadith kill  the snakes

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Abstract: Introduction: Using non umbilical routes  for safe   abdominal entry  during  laparoscopic surgery has become mandatory   The left upper abdomen (Palmer's point), the middle upper abdomen (the Lee-Huang point), Jain point and left upper quadrant  especially  could be used  especially  in high risk patients with possible periumbilical adhesions, a history of umbilical hernia or after  failed  repeated  attempts of insufflation  through the umbilicus. Aim of study: To evaluate the use of Lee-Huang point for safe and rapid entry in various laparoscopic gynecological operations. Patients and methods: This prospective study was done at El Galaa teaching hospital in the period from September 2024 to September 2025 upon 100 patients undergoing laparoscopy using Lee-Huang point as the primary point of insertion. Results: In 97% of patients, surgery was performed without any complications to viscera or major vessels. One stomach injury and two omental injuries were encountered during needle/trocar insertion in 3 patients. There was no mortality reported. Conclusion: Lee-Huang point is a safe and reliable access site for gynecological laparoscopic surgery in appropriately selected patients.

[Hossam Mahmoud, Wael Ahmed Ezzat Ammar , Sherif M. Safwat , Marwa R. Shahine, Diaa Abdelhalim. Use of Lee Huang point for safe and rapid entry in various laparoscopic gynecological operations. Nat Sci 2025,23(10):27-32]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 05. doi:10.7537/marsnsj231025.05

Keywords: Use; Lee Huang point; safe; rapid entry; laparoscopic gynecological operation

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Teratogenic Effect of an Environmental Mycotoxin Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the Developing Chick Embryo with Reference to the Changes in Spinal Ganglia and surah Al A’raf 157

 
Manal G. Abd El Wahab¹, Sawsan G. Abd El Wahab², Huda G. Abd El Wahab³, Amany Abd Elmoaty Mohamed Bayoumy⁴

¹Anatomy Department, Nasr City, Faculty of Medicine for Girls Al Azhar University, Cairo- Egypt

²Gynecology and Obstetrics department, Badr General Hospital, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia KSA

³PhD Child Hood Studies Faculty of Economic King Abduaziz University KSA (previously)

⁴Consultant clinical pathology (Hematopathology), King Salman Medical City, KSA

Abstract: Objective: The work aimed to see the effect of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the developing spinal ganglia in chick embryos. Method: 120 fresh fertile Dokky4 eggs were used for this study. The eggs were divided into 3 groups. The eggs of the 1st group -20 eggs- were used as control .The second group 80 eggs was subdivided into two subgroups, A and B. Subgroup (A) was injected with half Toxic Dose ofTD50 = 0.5 micron aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the 8^th   day of incubation and the embryos were extracted on 9th day: Subgroup B was   injected with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the 15th thy of incubation and the embryos were extracted on the 16th day. The third group -20 eggs- were injected with the solvent: 10 of the eggs were injected on the 8th day and were opened on the 9th day of incubation. The other 10 eggs were injected on the 15th day of incubation and opened on the 16th day of incubation. The eggs were incubated under standard conditions. Results: Morphological changes in Aflatoxin (AFB1) treated embryos   in size, colour and skin transparency besides limb and peak defects and deformities were present. Histology of the ganglion of 9 days old control and solvent treated embryos consisted of sheath formed of lemnoblasts, fibroblasts and little collagen fibres. The supportive tissue consisted of supportive undifferentiated cells and satellite cells surrounding the ganglioblasts and ganglionic cells. The ganglioblast and cells differed inizes and stains. They were granular with deeper stain at the periphery. Some degenerated cells and few plasma cells were seen. Spinal ganglion of 9 days aflatoxin (AFB1) treated embryos showed irregular sheath contents, congestion and increased vascularity. Ganglionic cells with different size and stains and dividing stages were noted.  Free plasma cells, or in dilated vessels or between ganglionic cells were seen. Degenerated cells increased and cells with vacuolated cytoplasm were present. Free red blood cellsr RBCs were seen in the (AFB1) treated ganglion. Spinal ganglion of 16 days control and solvent treated embryo showed increase in the ganglionic size and cellular content with more development the ganglionic cells were granular differentiated in spite of the few ganglioblasts. They were pseudo unipolar cells with different size and stain. Satellite cells surrounded the ganglionic cells and the sheath was well formed and consisted of fibroblasts, collagen and blood vessels. Histological picture of aflatoxin (AFB1)   treated embryos showed swelling enlargement of ganglionic cells with deep stain that increased density at cell periphery. Congested vessels full of blood cells were seen and free blood cells were observed between ganglionic cells. Some of the cells had vacuolated cytoplasm. Degenerated cells were present. The results were confirmed using the image analysis Leica Q 500 M C program .There was significant increase in the mean surface area of the ganglion cells of 9 days old Aflatoxin (AFB1) treated embryos (P <0.05). There was highly significant increase in the mean surface area of the ganglion cells of 16 days old Aflatoxin (AFB1) treated embryos (P<O.OOl). Conclusion: It was concluded that Aflatoxin (AFB1) was teratogenic and caused changes in the spinal ganglia of the developing chick embryo. So pregnant women should avoid contaminated food with It. Pilgrims should avoid contaminated food with AFB1. The authority of pilgrimage should provide well preserved food. The authority of health .specially in Gynecology and obstetrics department dealing with pregnant mothers should publish information’s about the harmful effects of eating AFB1toxins contaminated food.to avoid their risks. The research emphasizes the miraculous يحرم عليكم الخبائث- 157 الأعراف) )  true fact in Quran  and hadith  narrated by the prophet Mohammed peace upon him that prohibited  eating the bad  food that contaminated by toxins of AFB1  especially in    season of pilgrimage.

[Manal G. Abd El Wahab, Sawsan G. Abd El Wahab, Huda G. Abd El Wahab, Amany Abd Elmoaty Mohamed Bayoumy. Teratogenic Effect of an Environmental Mycotoxin Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on the Developing Chick Embryo with Special Reference to the Changes in Spinal Ganglia. Nat Sci 2025,23(10):33-42]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 06. doi:10.7537/marsnsj231025.06

Key words: spinal ganglia; Developing; chick embryo; Aflatoxin (AFB1)

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Effect of Kneading Friction Petrissage Massage on Post Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Nausea

Sara Arafat Ali¹, Wedad Saber Shafek Abdelkhalek², Amal Eid Abdelmoneim³, Wafaa Ismail Shereif⁴

¹Assistant lecturer of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing-Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

²Assistant Professor of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing- Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

³Assistant Professor of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing- Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

⁴Professor of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing - Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

Corresponding author: saraarafat@mans.edu.eg.

Abstract: Background: Postoperativeausea is a common and distressing side effect where 40–70% of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) are most worried about.  The study aimed to determine the effect of kneading friction petrissage massage on post laparoscopic cholecystectomy nausea.  Method and Sample: A quasi-experimental design was conducted at Mansoura University Hospital's Gastrointestinal Surgery Center over eight months. The sample included 64 post laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients having nausea, divided into two groups: the massage therapy group (n=32), and the control group (n=32). The massage therapy group received kneading friction petrissage massage at intervals of 4, 8, and 12 hours post-surgery. Nausea level was measured 2 hours after the surgery before any intervention as well as 4, 8, and 12 hours after the surgery, using a structured interview and visual analog scale.  Results: There was a significant reduction in nausea in the massage therapy group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion: kneading friction petrissage massage has effective results in reducing post laparoscopic cholecystectomy nausea.  Recommendation: Kneading friction petrissage massage should be incorporated into post cholecystectomy routine care to alleviate nausea.

[Sara Arafat Ali, Wedad Saber Shafek Abdelkhalek, Amal Eid Abdelmoneim, Wafaa Ismail Shereif. Effect of Kneading Friction Petrissage Massage on Post Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Nausea. Nat Sci 2025,23(10):43-52]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 07. doi:10.7537/marsnsj231025.07

Keywords: Kneading Friction Petrissage Massage; Laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Nausea

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