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An Unusual Variant Innervation of Third Lumbrical Muscle Purely From Median Nerve in an Adult Cadaver in Middle East: A Case Report

Shweta Chaudhary ¹, Rishi Kumar Bharti ²

^1. Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, PO Box 418, Asir 61431, Phone 07-241911907, E mail- drshwetarishi@gmail.com,

^2. Assistant Professor, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, PO Box 418, Asir 61431, Phone 07-241911907

Abstract: Very few sporadic reports have been found in past. Most of the cases were found in association with median- ulnar anastomosis. Here we describe an unusual finding of third lumbrical muscle in hand which was supplied purely from branch arising from common digital nerve branch of medial ramus of median nerve, in an adult male cadaver. Such variation has never been reported in past in this region. Such variations are seen due to rerouting of nerve fibers at various levels. Knowledge of such variations on the part of the surgical team is extremely important to avoid iatrogenic complications and improve the prognosis of median nerve decompressions. Awareness would help surgeon to clinicians and hand surgeons while dealing with the hand during various surgical procedures such as muscle flap transplant or various graft surgeries.

[Chaudhary S, Bharti R. An Unusual Variant Innervation of Third Lumbrical Muscle from Median Nerve in an Adult Cadaver in Middle East: A Case Report. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):1-3]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.01.

Keywords: Third Lumbrical Muscle; Median nerve; Innervation; Variant; Hand

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Behavior of Piles Subjected to Uplift Loads In Sand

Aser Ibrahim¹, Mohamed Ashour², Ayman Altahrany³

¹Graduate Student, Department of Structural Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt and a Project Engineer at EMC Co. (Oil & Gas field), Egypt.

²Professor of Geotechnical Engineering, Department of Structural Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt

³Asisstant Professor, Department of Structural Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt

aser.ibr@live.com,ashouruah@gmail.com, atahrany@hotmail.com

Abstract: The paper presents a method that predicts the pile ultimate capacity and the mobilized side resistance in skin friction under uplift forces in sandy soils. The developing soil-pile skin resistance is assessed in a progressive/mobilized fashion up to failure using the soil and pile properties. A computer program is developed to employ the proposed method and to predict the pile-head load displacement curve up to failure. A parametric study is conducted to evaluate the effect of different soil parameters on the pile behavior under uplift forces. A finite element model is developed, validated and used to compare its predicted results with the proposed method results. The proposed method is validated based on comparisons between its predictions, full-scale load tests results using three piles subjected to axial tension loads in sandy soils and finite element predictions.

[Aser Ibrahim, Mohamed Ashour, Ayman Altahrany. Behavior of Piles Subjected to Uplift Loads In Sand. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):4-8]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.02.

Keywords: Behavior; Piles; Subjected to; Uplift; Loads; Sand

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Surgical Management of Anisometropic Amblyopia in Adults

Mohamed El Kady, Mohamed El Malah and Omar Hanno

Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

omarhanno491@gmail.com

Abstract: Anisometropic amblyopia is characterized by unequal refractive error between the two eyes. This study was conducted from May 1 to November 31, 2016, at Al-Azhar University, Egypt, to determine if anisometropic amblyopia detected in adults can be improved. A total of 10 adults, all are females (100.0%), were surgicaly managed for anisometropic amblyopia. All the patients were managed by clear lens extraction. Success was defined as improvement of BCVA On the amblyopic eye compared to pre-operative at the end of the study. BCVA improved to 0.25 in 6 (60%) patients and 0.33 in 4 (40%) patients.

[Mohamed El Kady, Mohamed El Malah and Omar Hanno Surgical Management of Anisometropic Amblyopia in Adults. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):9-12]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.03.

Keywords: Surgical Management; Anisometropic Amblyopia; Adults

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Outcome of Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms Using Balloon Assisted Coiling and Stent Assisted Coiling Techniques

Sayed El Zayat¹, Randall Edgell², Hassan Gad³, Khaled Sobh³, Hossam Emam³, Ahmed Sarhan⁴

Professor of Neurology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University, Egypt¹

Associate professor of Neurology - Director of Interventional Neurology Program - Saint Louis University, USA ²

Assistant Professor of Neurology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University, Egypt^{1 3}

Assistant Lecturer of Neurology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University, Egypt^{1 4}

ahmedssarhan@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background: Balloon-Assisted Coiling (BAC) and Stent-Assisted Coiling (SAC) are well-established coiling techniques used for endovascular treatment of wide-necked cerebral aneurysms. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term clinical and angiographic outcomes of aneurysms treated with balloon-assisted coiling or stent-assisted coiling. Introduction: Ruptured and unruptured aneurysms should be treated preventively. Coil embolization of cerebral aneurysms is now generally accepted. BAC involves placement of a suitably sized compliant balloon across the aneurysm neck during coil deployment. SAC is also a logical solution to the problem of retaining coils in sessile wide-necked aneurysms. Complete occlusion rates were better achieved using SAC or BAC techniques with slightly higher risk when using the Balloon. Materials and methods: To detect the efficacy of interventional endovascular management of wide-necked cerebral aneurysms using BAC and SAC techniques, we performed a prospective study for patients with wide-necked cerebral aneurysms who were treated with BAC and SAC. Study included 24 subjects, 16 were treated with BAC while the other 8 were treated with SAC. Clinical and radiologic grading for ruptured cases were assessed by Hunt and Hess scale (HHS) and modified Fisher score (mFS) respectively, Raymond and Roy Occlusion classification (RROC) were used to assess the post-coiling occlusion rates while modified Rankin score (mRS) was used to assess long-term clinical outcomes. Results: Incidence of wide-necked cerebral aneurysms was higher in females. Patients included had presented with either ruptured aneurysm (37.5%), or discovered accidentally (62.5%). 2 patients had HHS-1, 3 had HHS-2, 3 had HHS-3, one had HHS-4 for those presented with SAH. Of which, 6 patients scored 3, while 3 patients scored 4 on mFS. RROC-I was achieved in 19 patients, RROC-II in 4 patients and RROC-III in 1 patient. mRS and RROC were better in SAC group than BAC group. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the relative safety, efficacy and long-term favorable outcomes of both BAC and SAC techniques for endovascular treatment of wide-necked with superiority of SAC in achieving long-term better clinical outcomes, occlusion rates and fewer complications, we recommend SAC technique for treatment of cerebral wide-necked aneurysms. Recommendations: Larger studies and Long-term follow up should be encouraged for at up to two years after initial endovascular coiling to better understand the natural history and various endovascular treatment options offered for those with wide-necked cerebral aneurysms. of the wide-necked aneurysm to better assess the residual post-coiling filling.

[Sayed El Zayat, Randall Edgell, Hassan Gad, Khaled Sobh, Hossam Emam, Ahmed Sarhan. Outcome of Endovascular Treatment of Cerebral Aneurysms Using Balloon Assisted Coiling and Stent Assisted Coiling Techniques. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):13-18]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.04.

Keywords: Aneurysm, Coiling, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Stent-assisted, Balloon-assisted

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Effect of Carvedilol, Silymarin and Combination of Both on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Toxicity in Rats

Rashad Abd El-Nabi Atlam, Abd El-Rahim Mohamed Abd El-Samad, Hamdy Abdou Mansour and Reda Abd Rabou Fayyad.

Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Male, Al-Azhar University (Cairo), Egypt

rasatlam@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: hepatotoxicity is injury to the liver that is associated with impaired liver function caused by exposure to a drug or other chemical agents, such as those used in laboratories, industries and natural chemicals. The most common hepatotoxic model is carbon tetracholoride (CCL₄) which gives the same hepatic changes in animal as in human. Silymarin is anisoflavonoid in origin used in hepatotoxic patients as it has different properties makes it hepatoprotective. It has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Carvedilol is one of beta blockers used to decrease portal hypertension in cirrhotic patient and has antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Methods: 50 male albino rats were divided into five groups: group received normal saline, group received CCL₄, carvedilol and cc14 treated group. Silymarin and CCL₄ treated group. carvedilol, silymarine and CCL₄ treated group. After 5 weeks rats were scarified and parameters were measured in serum (AST, ALT, ALP and total bilirubin) in tissue (GSH, MDA and total protein). Liver was used for histopathological examination and assay of the change in tissue parameters. Result: CCL₄ treated group gave significant elevation in liver enzymes. Total bilirubin and tissue MDA in serum and tissue and significant decrease in GSH, total protein, with significant loss of hepatic architecture. In silymarin, carvedilol and combination group there were decrease in liver enzymes, total bilirubin and tissue MDA in serum and tissue and increase in GSH, total protein and improvement to necrosis and inflammation in hepatic pattern. Results were better in combination group than in silymarin group and in carvedilol group respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed that CC1₄ is an ideal model for hepatotoxicity in animal as in human. Silymarin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties gives protection more than carvedilol, and combination of both carvedilol and silymarine gives better results.

[Rashad Abd El-Nabi Atlam, Abd El-Rahim Mohamed Abd El-Samad, HamdyAbdou Mansour and RedaAbdRabou Fayyad. Effect of Carvedilol, Silymarin and Combination of Both on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatic Toxicity in Rats. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):19-28]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.05.

Key words: CC1₄, silymarin, carvedilol

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6

Urodynamic patterns in conus and epiconus mass lesions

Maamoun Abo Shosha, M.D., Hamdy Mohammad Behary, M.D., Mohamed A. Ellabbad, M.D.

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

alaarashad81@yahoo.com

Abstract: Object: To study the urodynamic patterns in conus and epiconus mass lesions before and after operation. Study Design: Analytical study. Settings and Participants: Twenty individuals with conus and epiconus mass admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery in Al-Hussein and Sayed Galal Hospitals. Detailed clinical, neurological evaluation and radiological assessment were done along with clinical examination of bladder and urodynamic study. Results: Out of 20 patients with conus and epiconus mass lesions, 12 (60%) had pre-operative affection of urodynamics and 8 (40%) had intact urodynamics. Post operative evaluation revealed improvement of urodynamics of all 12 patients (100%) and no deterioration of urodynamics of the other 8. Conclusion: The correlation between somatic neurologic findings, spinal imaging studies, and urodynamic findings in patients with conus and epiconus lesions is not exact. Therefore, bladder management should not completely rely only on clinical bladder evaluation or neurological examination alone, but should always include urodynamic studies.

[Maamoun Abo Shosha, Hamdy Mohammad Behary, Mohamed A. Ellabbad. Urodynamic patterns in conus and epiconus mass lesions. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):29-33]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.06.

Keywords: Urodynamic; patterns; conus; epiconus; mass; lesion

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Effect of different levels of inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare) under teak (Tectona grandis) based Agrisilviculture system

¹Yogesh Limanpure, ¹Rajiv Umrao, ^2*Arvind Bijalwan and ³Manmohan JR Dobriyal

¹Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, Allahabad (U.P), India.

²Indian Institute of Forest management (IIFM) Bhopal, M.P., India

³Dept. of Silviculture & Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India

arvindbijalwan276@gmail.com

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, application on Barley (Hordeum vulgare) a field experiment was conducted at School of Forestry and Environment, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad (U.P) India, to evaluate the Effect of different levels of inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of barley (Hordeum vulgare) under teak (Tectona grandis) based Agrisilviculture system. A total of nine treatments including control were replicated three times in RBD experimental design. The effect of NPK fertilsers reveled that treatment T₄ (N.P.K level 65:50:50 kg/ha) favored maximum all the growth and yield parameters of barley (Hordeum vulgare) like the maximum plant height 92.20cm, No. of leaves per plant (8.53), No. of tillers per hill 10.93, number of spike per hill (6.87), 1000 seed weight 47.73 gm, Length of spike 15.67cm, No. of grain per spike 55.10, grain yield per plant 33.13 gm & straw yield 45.27gm/plant and harvest index 43.82. Contrary all these parameters were found minimum under control condition (without fertilizer). 71.87 cm, 5.33, 5.53, 2.47, 30.37, 9.13, 43.33, 30.33, 38.50, and 42.26 respectively for same parameters. The intercropping of Barley with Teak also showed the net increase in economic yield compare to sole cropping.

[Limanpure Y, Umrao R, Bijalwan A, Dobriyal MJR. Effect of different levels of inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of Barley (Hordeum vulgare) under teak (Tectona grandis) based Agrisilviculture system. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):34-38]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.07.

Keywords: Barley, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, yield and Teak

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Role of ICT in Social Network Usage among Physically Disabled Individuals in the KSA

Mohaned Ghazi Abed

Program of Educational Graduate Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

mabed@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: There is a wealth of research highlighting the belief that ICT (Informaation and Communication Technology), including mobile phones and the Internet, assists individuals in overcoming various limitations in relation to the broadening of their range of skills and experiences. The advantage is more pronounced among individuals plagued with issues of mobility. Nonetheless, limited attention has been directed toward the physically disabled in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), with the available research about the effects of ICT on the general population’s social network usage also showing controversial results. This research sought to examine ICT implementation and daily use by taking into account the findings of ethnographic interviews and the observations with respect to a population of disabled individuals with mobility problems in the KSA. The endeavor laid special emphasis on how different media are used by such people in an effort to interact with others. The effect of assorted media on social networks was also investigated. The results highlighted the fact that various ICT media were used by the participants, in accordance with their specific requirements and living conditions. Mobile phones and computers were found to play a key role in the lives of these individuals, and were used to carry out a number of activities, among which, socializing with others was found to be one of the most prevalent. Despite the fact that online friendships were not likely to induce key changes in the real lives of the subjects, the participants valued their online friendships, recognizing them as a means of venting emotions and escaping the unhappiness in their lives.

[Abed MG. Role of ICT in Social Network Usage among Physically Disabled Individuals in the KSA. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):39-45]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.08.

Keywords: ICT Roles, Social Networks, Physically Disabled Individuals, ICT media, ICT-facilitated communication

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Length Weight Relationship Of Clarias Garienpinus (Catfish) Fed With Local Feeds

Omodu, A. O., Solomon, R. J. And Wilfred-Ekprikpo, P.C.

Department Of Biological Science, Faculty Of Sciences University Of Abuja, Fct Abuja

johnsol2004@yahoo.com

Abstract: Length weight relationship and the diet of Clarias garienpinus were investigated in the university of Abuja permanent site, Abuja, Nigeria.30 Clarias garienpinus ( fingerlings) of sizes 0-20g of weight and 0-10cm of length were grouped into 3 tanks with replicates, they were fed for twelve weeks with local formulated feeds (guinea corn, maize, bone meal and groundnut) and Coppen. Tank A was fed with Coppen which served as control with a proximate analysis of 42% crude protein, 13% crude fat, 1.9% crude fibre and 8.9% ash while tank B has 22.0% crude protein, 10.09% fat, 3.51% crude fibre, 25.38% carbohydrate and 11.60% ash, and tank C with a proximate analysis of 25.2% crude protein, 8.9% fat, 6.9% moisture, 26.10% carbohydrate and 14.0% ash. They were fed at 4% body weight twice daily 6:00am-8:00am and 6:00pm-9:00pm, the growth performance and physiochemical parameters were measured weekly. The total weight and length were converted into log to find the relationship between the length and weight, length weight regression analysis gave an a,b and r value of 1.791,0.998 and -0.203 for tank A 1.778,0.999 and -0.197 for tank B while tank C had 25.59, 0.991 and -0.997. Results shows that the treatment fed with Coppen in tank A had the best growth performance while the treatment fed with substitute feeds in tank B and C show appreciable growth performance. The final mean weight gain were (0.535) for treatment A, (0.485) for B, while (0.475) was for C.

[Omodu, A. O., Solomon, R. J. And Wilfred-Ekprikpo, P.C. Length Weight Relationship Of Clarias Garienpinus (Catfish) Fed With Local Feeds. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):46-59]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.09.

Key Words: Clarias gariepinus, proximate analysis and a,b and r value.

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Chemical and Mass Spectra Analysis of Fractions obtained from Methanol Leaf Extract of Corymbia torelliana with Trypanosoma congolense effect

^*1Ogbole, E., ²Daben J.M., ³Dashak, D.A. ⁴Nvau, J.B., ³Ekwenchi, M.M., ¹Ikyase C., and ⁵Igweh, A.C.

¹Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, PMB 03 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria.

²Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

³Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

⁴Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Plateau State University, Bokkos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

⁵Nigerian Institute for Trypanosomiasis Research, PMB 2077 Kaduna, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

estherogbole@gmail.com

Abstract: The use of drugs for the prevention and treatment of trypanosomiasis has been important for many decades, although trypanosomes have developed resistance to each drug introduced. This study is aimed at exploring Chromatography techniques to proffer solution for antitrypanosomal action from the leaves of Corymbia torelliana. The Chemical and Mass Spectra Analysis of compounds identified in the methanol leaves extract of Corymbia torelliana with Trypanosoma congolense effect was achieved using Column Chromatography, Thin Layer Chromatography and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectral analysis. Column Chromatography was ran to obtain the separated fractions, which was pooled together for Thin Layer Chromatography. The GCMS analysis help to identify the compound by showing their molecular masses, fragmentation patterns, thermostatically molecular mass ions and the major ions of the fragments while the TLC was employed to locate the positions of various fractions as it untie the compounds identification in the system. These compounds are: 2(4H)- Benzofuranone, 5, 6, 7, 7a-tetrahydro-4, 4,7a-trimethyl; 2-Naphthalene methanol, decahydro-alpha, alpha, 4a-trimethyl-8-methylene; Octanal, 2-(phenyl methylene); Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; Hexadecanoic acid; 1, 2, 3-Benzenetriol; 3, 5-Di-tert-butylphenol; Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-phenylmethyl ester; Hexadecanoic acid; Octadecanoic acid; 9,12,-Octadecadienoic acid methyl ester; 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl; Tetradecanoic acid, methyl ester; 11-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester; 5-(p-tert-Butylphenoxymethyl)-3-(2-pyridyl)-2-oxazolidone and 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester. The presence of these compounds suggest potentials of the leaves of Corymbia torelliana plant for possible uses as antitrypanosomal agent, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-tumour, anti-inflammatory, insectifuge and remedy for mood and sleep disorder.

[Ogbole, E., Daben J.M., Dashak, D.A. Nvau, J.B., Ekwenchi, M.M., Ikyase C., and Igweh, A.C. Chemical and Mass Spectra Analysis of Fractions obtained from Methanol Leaf Extract of Corymbia torelliana with Trypanosoma congolense effect. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):60-75]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.10.

Key words: Corymbia torelliana, Chromatography techniques, Methanol leaves extract, Mass spectra, GC-MS analysis, Anti-trypanosomal action.

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The Effect of Aging in Different Storage Media on the Microstructure of Pigmented Silicon

Lana A. Shinawi¹, Ayman A. Al-Dharrab² and Seham B. Tayel³

¹Associate Professor and Consultant Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

²Associate Professor and Consultant Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

³Professor and Consultant Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

lshinawi@kau.edu.sa

Abstract: Background: The use of commercial maxillofacial polymers in facial prostheses is common among the most popular materials used in this field are the Polydimethyl Siloxanes. It is also known as Cosmesil silicon. However, little information is given on the exact chemical composition of this material. Objective: To analyse the internal structure and the surface characterization of the silicon polymer following immersion in various pH media on. Methods: In the current study, forty pigmented Cosmesil maxillofacial silicone discs were prepared according to manufacturer instructions and divided into four groups each containing ten discs. One group served as control, while the other three groups were aged in three different pH storage solutions. Quantitative analysis was performed using infrared spectroscopy IR while surface characterization specimens was conducted using scanning electron microscopy, SEM. Results: Smooth surface was observed in three of the groups compared to an irregular vacuolated surface in only one group. IR analysis revealed no significant changes. It was concluded that Cosmesil M511 silicon maxillofacial material is a methylene polymer containing silicon dioxide filler. The tested material was not highly affected by aging in various pH media as the changes were limited to the superficial surface of the specimens. Conclusion: FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the Cosmesil M511 silicone maxillofacial material is composed primarily of a methyle polymer with the addition of inorganic silicone dioxide filler. The internal structure of this polymer was not significantly affected by immersion in different pH media since the alterations were limited to the superficial surface of the specimens.

[Lana A. Shinawi, Ayman A. Al-Dharrab and Seham B. Tayel. The Effect of Aging in Different Storage Media on the Microstructure of Pigmented Silicon. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):76-81]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.11.

Keywords: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Maxillofacial Prosthesis, Rehabilitation

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Value of Automatic Tube Compensation during Weaning of Mechanically Ventilated Patient in Medical Intensive Care Unit

Abouzeid M.¹, Kabil A.² and Abdel-Hafez H.¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

²Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

muhamedabozeid@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Automatic tube compensation (ATC) is one of the newer weaning modes that seem promising to improve the weaning process. Objective: To evaluate the benefit of ATC in hastening and improving the weaning process. Patients and methods: In a prospective randomized controlled trial, all eligible patients of the medical intensive care unit of Al-Hussein University hospital. The study included 60 mechanically ventilated patients who were mechanically ventilated were included during the period from September 2016 to May 2017, they were divided into three groups, 20 patients weaned by pressure support ventilation (PSV),20 patients weaned by ATC and 20 patients weaned by pressure support ventilation (PSV) with ATC. The primary outcomes measure was the ability to maintain spontaneous breathing for more than 48 h after extubation and weaning duration. Results: A total of 60 patients were included; the mean age was 63.5 ± 4.032 years; males represented 80%. The weaning duration of PSV+ATC group was significantly lower than PSV group. The total duration of mechanical ventilation in PSV+ATC group was significantly lower than PSV group. The peak pressure was significantly lower in PSV+ATC group than other groups. The tidal volume was significantly lower in PSV+ATC group than other groups. Conclusion: Medical ICU patients, the weaning process can be usefully performed by ATC (at least as effective as PSV) but without significant hastening of the weaning process. All primary and secondary outcomes were potentially improved (weaning duration, extubation outcome, predictive value of ATC-assisted ratio of respiratory rate and tidal volume, number of spontaneous breathing trials, weaning category, reintubation rate).

[Abouzeid M., Kabil A. and Abdel-Hafez H. Value of Automatic Tube Compensation during Weaning of Mechanically Ventilated Patient in Medical Intensive Care Unit. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):82-89]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.12.

Keywords: automatic tube compensation, pressure support ventilation, medical ICU, weaning

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Primary Rhino-cheiloplasty in unilateral Cleft lip

Abd Elmoneim H. Hota¹, Magdy A. Abdelmoktader¹, Refaat I. El Badawy² and Ahmed F. Salem¹

¹Plastic Surgery Department Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, Egypt

²Pediatric Surgery Department Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, Egypt

Master_boyx111@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: to evaluate the repair of nasal deformity at the same time with lip and to evaluate the percentage of nose asymmetry in patients with either complete or incomplete unilateral cleft lip and palate who underwent primary cleft lip repair with the modified millard technique and closed rhinoplasty. Background: Cleft lip is one of the most common congenital anomalies that affect infants worldwide. In the past, the nose was left untouched during lip surgery. this dogmatic attitude caused functional and aesthetic (psychological) problems for the child until secondary corrections during adolescence were performed. Patients and Methods: In this study primary rhinoplasty was done at the same time of lip repair in 40 patients. Their ages ranged from 3-12 months. Most of them were males 60% while 40% were females. The fourty patients divided into 25 patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and 15 patients with incomplete unilateral cleft lip. Their were 12 patients from 25 patients with complete cleft lip and palate. The technique used in all patients simultaneous repair of cleft lip and nasal deformity repair with (Modified Millard`s Rotation Advancement technique with closed rhinoplasty). Results: Improvement of the aesthetic and functional results. patients have been operated on with this method, showing 62.5% of excellent results, 25% of good results and 12.5% of fair results. Conclusions: Because of the good results of this method, this approach is to be recommended.

[Abd Elmoneim H. Hota, Magdy A. Abdelmoktader, Refaat I. El Badawy and Ahmed F. Salem. Primary Rhino-cheiloplasty In unilateral Cleft lip. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):90-96]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.13.

Keywords: unilateral Cleft lip - Cleft nasal deformity – Cheiloplasty - Primary cleft nasal surgery – closed rhinoplasty.

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Effect of Malathion on Testicular Histology in Albino Mice and the Protective Effect of Vitamin E

Melebary, S.J.¹; Elnaggar, M.H.^1,2; Abu-Zinadah, O.A.¹; Kurdi, L.A.^*1 and Algamdi, M.S.¹

¹Department of Biology, Faculty of Science; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

²Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

dr.lina_kurdi@hotmail.com

Abstract: The present study shed the light on the possible preventive effect of Vitamin E against the toxicity of malathion (MP), an organophosphate pesticide, on body and testes weight, morphometry of the testes and epididymis as well as histological structure of testes in albino mice. Mice were divided into six groups: control (C), Vitamin E-treated group (VE), Low dose malathion-treated group (LD), High dose malathion-treated group (HD), Low dose malathion plus Vitamin E-treated group (LD+VE), and High dose malathion plus Vitamin E-treated group (HD+VE). The obtained results showed that the treatments with LD and HD have caused highly significant decreases in the average body weight and both right and left testes ratio weights. Furthermore, light microscopic examination disclose that a month of malathion exposure was linked with necrosis and edema in seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues. Decaying changes in the seminiferous tubules were also noted in mice that were treated with malathion and vitamin E but histopathological alteration were clement in interstitial tissues. Based on the observation it seems that vitamins E enhance malathion testicular toxicity but still remains un-preventive to a degree.

[Melebary, S.J.; Elnaggar, M.H.; Abu-Zinadah, O.A.; Kurdi, L.A. and Algamdi, M.S. Effect of Malathion on Testicular Histology in Albino Mice and the Protective Effect of Vitamin E. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):97-105]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.14.

Key words: Malathion pesticide – Vitamin E - Testes – Antioxidant – Histology.

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Ichthyo-Faunal Diversity Of Suswa River, Doon Valley, Uttarakhand, India

Deepali Rana, Anil Bisht, Mushtaq and Sushil Bhadula*

Department of Zoology, Uttaranchal College of Biomedical Sciences and Hospital,

Sewla Khurd, Dehradun-248001 Uttarakhand, India.

*Department of Environmental Science, Dev Sanskriti University, Haridwar

Corresponding Email: deepali.doon@gmail.com

Abstract: The fish fauna of Suswa River was studied for a period of one year (June, 2015 – May, 2016). A total of 45 species belonging to 5 orders, 13 Families and 26 Genera were collected from various sampling stretches. Family Cyprinidae was found to be the most dominant represented by a total of 24 species. The water quality of Suswa river is depleting and the river carry a huge amount of pollution load hence it provides a suitable environment for the survival of hardy fishes such as Clarius batrachus, Heteropneustes fossilis, Channa marulius, Channa harcourt butleri, Colisa labiosus, Colisa fasciatus, Colisa lalia etc. On the other hand, the IUCN (2015 - 4) status outlines that 36 species are Least Concern, 1 Vulnerable, 1 Endangered, 3 Near Threatened and 4 Not Assessed. Anthropogenic activities as well as ecological processes contribute to the fishery status of aquatic bodies.

[Deepali Rana, Anil Bisht, Mushtaq and Sushil Bhadula. Ichthyo-Faunal Diversity Of Suswa River, Doon Valley, Uttarakhand, India. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):106-112]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.15.

Key Words: Ichthyofaunal Diversity, Suswa River, Doon Valley.

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Tying Together Andragogy with Pedagogy to Enhance the Action/Reaction of Directing People inside the Organizations: A Two-Fold HR Impact Factor

Dr. Amgad Hamed Omara

Assist. Prof., in Business Administration Dept., Vice-Dean for Education and Students’ Affairs, Faculty of Commerce, Menoufia University, Egypt, Email: amgadomara63@yahoo.com

Abstract: This research adopts an abstract view to the directing function of management. It considers this function by the end of the day as a process of teaching and learning. That occurs between the manager as instructor and his subordinators as learners. Thus, it differentiates and simultaneously links between two sorts of learning which are separately appropriate to two different but definitely connected steps of directing. On the one hand, it suggests espousing the assumptions of pedagogy or teacher-centered education model to fit applying the directing function in its first step that's relevant to informing subordinates. On the other hand, it proposes using the assumptions of andragogy or learner-focused education model to fit the second step of directing that's related to getting subordinates committed with the received information. Theoretically, this research has been justified by reviewing the written work; to find too many studies in the pedagogy and andragogy as models of educating people. Also there have been too many studies in field of directing as a management main function. But there were no previous studies that interested in utilizing such models of education in the field of directing. Coping with this, there was a practical reason as well for conducting such a research. This cropped up by initially examining the reality of the city councils' workplaces in Menoufia governorate main cities. To find out that managers are suffering their employees' digression of directing. That's why the area of hypothesizing was focused on testifying to what extent this digression may return to the failure of the managers to apply the assumptions of pedagogy and andragogy in practicing the directing function two main steps. One that's focused on getting subordinators well informed and the other that's concerned with getting them well committed. Directing a valid and reliable questionnaire to around 500 of managers in different managerial levels in the targeted councils, it has statistically proved that the failure of managers in informing subordinates is return to their failure of applying pedagogy. While their failure in gaining the employees commitment is return to the inconsideration of andragogy assumptions. Therefore, it has been concluded that directing whether it is abstractly looked at as a process of teaching and learning has to utilize both pedagogy and andragogy assumptions. For that reason the recommendation was mainly hub-revolving around generating the managers' awareness of utilizing such a two-fold approach of education; that's recently has been known as anthropagogy, in improving the management function of directing people.

[Amgad Hamed Omara. Tying Together Andragogy with Pedagogy to Enhance the Action/Reaction of Directing People inside the Organizations: A Two-Fold HR Impact Factor. N Y Sci J 2017;10(5):113-140]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 16. doi:10.7537/marsnys100517.16.

Key words: pedagogy based-directing, andragogy-based directing, Anthropagogy-based directing, teacher-focused model, learner-focused model, getting people well informed, getting people well committed, causes in directing, effects in directing, HR strategic impact factor, HR executive impact factor.

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