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Biological Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as a Possible Risk Factor of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Cases of Chronic Active Hepatitis B and C

Raed M Alazab¹, Alaa Abdelwahed¹, Elham A Motawea², Sherief A Morsy³, and Ahmed E Abd Raboh¹

¹Department of Community medicine and Occupational medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

²Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

³Hepatology and Gastroentrology Theodor Bilharz Research institute, Cairo, Egypt

raedelazab@hotmail.com, drahmedsayed2008@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the most carcinogenic, mutagenic and toxic contaminates. Their exposure and metabolism to DNA-reactive metabolites in the body are considered to contribute to the aetiology of many types of the human cancers. Objectives: to find out if exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a risk factor for development of hepatocellular carcinoma among the exposed cases, to detect if the smoking is an augmented factor for development of hepatocellular carcinoma among exposed cases, and to find the effect of sociodemographic characteristics of cases of hepatocellular carcinoma exposed to hydrocarbons. Subjects and Methods: A case control study was conducted between the period from the first of March 2015 to end of August 2017. The study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of the Department of Hepatology and Gastro-entrology at Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI). The minimum sample size required for the present study was calculated using Epi info program, considering following data: Tow sided Confidence level = 95%, Power of test = 80%, Ratio of control: cases = 1:1, Percent of control exposed = 21%, Percent of cases exposed = 42 % and Odds ratio = 2.8. Kelsey estimated number of cases = 77 and number of control = 77 subjects. All subjects of both groups were interviewed. Every patient was subjected to the selected interview sheet and biological monitoring of urinary 1-hydroxy pyrene as a biomarker for PAHs exposure. Results: 73% of cases of HCC had increased level of 1-hydroxy pyrene in urine with statistical significance difference when compared to controls. There was significant positive association between exposure to PAHs and development of HCC among case group (OR = 4.9). There was significant association between smoking and abnormal high level of 1-hydroxy pyrene in urine (OR = 1.7), among the case group. There was significant positive association between exposure to PAHs and development of HCC among males (OR = 1.6). There was neither statistical significance difference nor positive association between exposure to PAHs and development of HCC in urban areas (OR=0.8). There was statistical significance positive association between exposure to PAHs and development of HCC among smoker (OR=1.7). There was neither statistical significance nor positive association between exposure to PAHs and development of HCC among patients with chronic active hepatitis C (OR=0.6). There was a highly positive correlation between 1-hydroxy pyrene and Alfa Feto Protein (AFP) among positive cases of 1-hydroxy pyrene in case group (OR=316.25). Recommendation: Prevention programs aimed to elimination of exposure to PAHs is needed. Environmental monitoring of PAHs in different residential areas in different governorates for detection of source of pollution with PAHs in air, soil and water is needed.

[Raed M Alazab, Alaa Abdelwahed, Elham A Motawea, Sherief A Morsy, and Ahmed E Abd Raboh. Biological Monitoring of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as a Possible Risk Factor of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Among Cases of Chronic Active Hepatitis B and C. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):1-7]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.01.

Keywords: PAHs, 1-hydroxy pyrene

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Effectiveness of an Aerobic Training Program on some Physiological Variables and Social Acceptance among Females (40-50 years)

Nihad Moneer Othman Al-Bateky

Department of Health and Recreation, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Jordan, Jordan

dr.nihad_albatikhi@yahoo.com

Abstract: The current research aims to design an aerobic exercises program and identify its effects ‎on: ‎Physiological variables (pulse – blood pressure – fat percentage – muscles – ‎bones – water – basic metabolic rate BMR – active metabolic rate AMR) for ‎women (40-50 years)‎ - ‎5HIAA concentrations in urine for women (40-50 years)‎ - Responses to social acceptance scale for women (40-50 years)‎ - Differences between measurements of all mentioned variables for women (40-50 ‎years)‎. The researcher used the experimental approach (one-group design) with pre- and post-‎measurements. ‎ The researcher purposefully chose (10) women (40-50 years) who are newly participating ‎in sport for health. Results indicated that: 1- The aerobic exercises program induced several physiological adaptive processes ‎that can be measured after 6-8 weeks with no less than 25 minutes per session (3 ‎times per week)‎. 2-Regular aerobic exercises have positive effects on improving the function of ‎heart and this decreases heart rate ‎3- Aerobic exercises program decreased body fats through burning more calories ‎and this decreases weight. In addition, it has positive effects on bone and muscle ‎mass. This protects women in this critical age from osteoporosis although ‎improvements did not reach calibration values.‎ 4- Regular aerobic exercises decrease BMR and AMR due to energy saving in ‎normal life. 5- ‎Aerobic exercises program increased serotonin levels in the brain and this ‎increase urine concentrations of 5HIAA which in turn has positive effects on ‎mood. 6- ‎Regular aerobic exercises improved responses to social acceptance scale and ‎decreases vulnerability to depression due to increased levels of serotonin. ‎

[Nihad Moneer Othman Al-Bateky. Effectiveness of an Aerobic Training Program on some Physiological Variables and Social Acceptance among Females (40-50 years). N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):8-15]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.02.

Key Words: Serotonin – aerobic exercises – physiological response – social acceptance

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【N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):16-19]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.03.

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Bacteriological and molecular studies on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic cows

Abd El Hamid, T. M¹, Sahar, R. Mohamed², and I. A. Saleh³

¹ Educational Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

²Animal Health Research Institute (Dokki branch), Egypt

³Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

elerefaeytaher@yahoo.com

Abstract: Inflammation of mammary gland in bovines is frequently due to infection by Staphylococcus aureus which leads to appearance of clinical and subclinical mastitis in cattle. In this research the mastitic cases (103) were classified into clinical and subclinical cases (47,56) respectively. All milk samples collected from infected cows were subjected to bacteriological examination and molecular characterization of some Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from clinical and subclinical mastitic cows in an incidence of (50%, 17.5%) respectively. The application of multiplex PCR on some Staph. aureus isolates (8) was effectively in detection of, tst, hlg, clfA, nucgenes by amplification at a single amplicon at (326bp, 937bp, 638bp, 395bp respectively).

[Abd El Hamid, T. M, Sahar, R. Mohamed, and I. A. Saleh. Bacteriological and molecular studies on Staphylococcus aureus isolated from mastitic cows. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):20-25]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.04.

Keywords: S.aureus- cows-mastitis-Pcr-virulence genes

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Radio-chemotherapy with Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil and Cetuximab for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancers

Chia-Wei Wu1,5, Hsiang-Chen Wang 2,5, Jen-Ming Tasi,1, and Chi-Ting Horng 3,4,*

1Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Armed Forced General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
2Graduate Institute of Opto-Mechatronics, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, ROC.
3Department of Ophthalmology, Fooying University Hospital, Pingtung Taiwan, ROC.
4Department of Pharmacy, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan, ROC.
5These authors contributed equally to the paper
E-mail: h56041@gmail.com; Telephone: 866-8-8323146

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the prognosis of patients with un-resectable locally advanced esophageal cancer who receiving radio-chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin by addition of cetuximab. Besides, we aimed to define the maximum tolerated dose in the study. Methods: There were 6 victims of un-resectable locally advanced esophageal cancer were enrolled in this study who admitted to the Tri-Service General Hospital. The treatment regimen included 59.4 Gy of radiotherapy concurrently with two courses of cisplatin (20 mg/m², d1-4) and 5-FU (dose level 0:500 mg/m², dose level 1:750 mg/ m², d1-4; dose level 2: 1,000 mg/m², d1-4), followed by two courses of chemotherapy. In the meanwhile, cetuximab was given for 14 weeks (400 mg/m² loading dose followed by 250 mg/m² weekly). Result: At dose level 1(n=3) and 2 (n=3), no patient experienced the dose-limiting toxicity. Furthermore, minor treatment modifications were due to organization or request by physicians/patients. At dose level 2, only five grade 3 adverse events occurred. Conclusion: we concluded that the dose level 1 and 2 revealed safe and could be used in a subsequent randomized phase II in treat the patients with unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer.
[Chia-Wei Wu, Hsiang-Chen Wang, Jen-Ming Tasi, and Chi-Ting Horng. Radio-chemotherapy with Cisplatin, 5-Fluorouracil and Cetuximab for patients with locally advanced esophageal cancers. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):26-34]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.05.

Keywords: locally advanced esophageal cancer, chemoradiation

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Commuting Pattern and Transportation Challenges in Akure Metropolis, Ondo State, Nigeria

Gladys C. Emenike, Olabode S. Ogunjobi

Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

gladysemenike@uniport.edu.ng

Abstract: Background: Many urban centers in Nigeria suffer from inadequate facilities that could ensure smooth urban movement. Introduction: The increase in commuting distance has impact on trip attraction, fares paid by commuters, traffic build-up in some land use areas; and shows the need for different modes of transportation. Aim of the study: The study examined the commuting pattern and transportation challenges in Akure Metropolis, Ondo State, Nigeria. Materials and methods: A total number of 398 copies of structured questionnaire were distributed to commuters along the selected roads (Oyemekun road, Ondo road, Oba Ile road, Arakale road, Oke Aro road, Hospital road, Ijoka road, Oda road, Danjuma road, and Sijuade road). Data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings showed that 52% were males and more than 70% of respondents were above 20 years. The mostly used type of transport in Akure City was public taxi (40.5%) and majority (49.7%) spent ≤ 30 minutes on the road before reaching their working place while the distance from home to work of more than 50% was ≤ 2km. The main trip purpose for commuters was education (33%) while most of the trips were made in the morning only (29.4%); and morning and evening (32.4%). However, 47.5% of commuters agreed that the peak hour of congestion is always between 7am and 9am. Findings also revealed that 55.3% agreed that the road conditions were not good while 31% and 26% of respondents agreed that the transport challenges were bad road and traffic congestion respectively. Among the selected roads, Oyemekun road (19.1%), Arakale road (12.8%) and Ijoka road (11.3%) were mostly prone to traffic congestion and the major causes of the traffic congestion were illegal parking (35.7%) and bad road (31.2%). Conclusion: Traffic congestion, bad road and illegal parking were the prominent problems along the road corridors and most trips are mostly generated for both educational and occupational reasons. Recommendations: The study therefore recommended among others that provision of off-street parking facilities in designated areas within Akure Metropolis is required and drainage facilities should be provided because of occasional flooding that may lead to the development of potholes on the roads.

[Gladys C. Emenike, Olabode S. Ogunjobi. Commuting Pattern and Transportation Challenges in Akure Metropolis, Ondo State, Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):35-41]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.06..

Keywords: Commuting pattern, Traffic congestion, Transportation challenges, Akure Metropolis

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Factors Affecting Outcome of Anti VEGF in Management of Diabetic Macular Edema

Mahmoud Ahmed kamal¹, Amr Abd El Aziz Azab², Ahmed Sayed Saif¹, Mahrous Hassan Shaheen¹

¹Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt

²Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt

mha13@fayoum.edu.eg

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate Factors affecting outcome of intravitreal Anti VEGF (Ranibizumab) in the management of Diabetic Macular Oedema. Methodology: Twenty eyes of twenty patients were enrolled in the study. The patients received three monthly intra vitreal injection of 0.5mg /0.05ml ranibizumab. Inclusion criteria; Patients with diffuse diabetic macular edema with central macular thickness (CMT) >300um. Exclusion criteria; proliferative diabetic retinopathy, Cases with any macular disease other than diabetic maculopathy, Cases with history of cataract surgery within 12 months, Cases with significant cataract which interferes with OCT. Results: The mean CMT changed from 474.30 ± 120.97um (319-680) at base line to 389.55 ± 85.99um (287-600) at 6months. The mean BCVA (log MAR) changed from 0.97 ± 0.19 at base line to 0.79 ± 0.24 at 6months. Cases with interrupted ellipsoid zone showed poor functional response. HbA1c showed no correlation with the response. Conclusion: Ranibizumab is effective in treating DME. Outer retinal integrity in OCT is a predictor for response to treatment.

[Mahmoud Ahmed kamal, Amr Abd El Aziz Azab, Ahmed Sayed Saif, Mahrous Hassan Shaheen. Factors Affecting Outcome of Anti VEGF in Management of DME. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):42-47]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.07.

Keywords: Factor; Affecting Outcome; VEGF; Management; Diabetic Macular Edema

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Impact of Using Some Organic Manures Tea via Spray and Soil versus Mineral N Fertilizers for Improving Berries Colouration, Yield and Quality of Flame Seedless Grapes

Faissal, F. Ahmed*., Mohamed. A. M. Abada ** and Esraa Mh. Sayed **

*Hort Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minai Univ. Egypt

**Viticulture Res. Dept. Hort. Res. Instit. ARC. Giza. Egypt

Abstract: This study was undertaking during 2016 and 2017 seasons to examine the effect of using nitrogen (50 g/vine/year) as 100 % inorganic and 25 to 75 % inorganic nitrogen plus 25-75 % tea of compost, poultry and pigeon manures applied via spray and soil on growth, vine nutritional status, yield, berries colouration %, and quality of Flame seedless grapes. Growth aspects, yield, berry setting % and cluster parameters were gradually stimulated with reducing the percentage of inorganic N from 100 to 50% and increasing the percentage of the three organic manures tea from 0.0 to 50% applied via spray or soil. Reducing percentage of inorganic N from 50 to 25% even with application of tea organic manures at 75% caused an obvious decline on these parameters. Pigments and NPK in the leaves, berries colouration % and quality parameters except total acidity, nitrite and nitrate were gradually enhanced with reducing inorganic N percentages from 100 to 25% and at the same time increasing the percentages of organic manures tea applied via spray and soil from 0 to 75%. Spray application of the three organic manures tea materially was superior than using via soil. For promoting growth, berry setting and yield of Flame seedless grapevines grown under Minia region conditions, it is necessary to fertilize the vines with N (50 g/vine/year) through 50 % inorganic N+ 50% pigeon manure tea via spray. The recommendation for obtaining good quality was consisted from the application of N via 25% inorganic N+ 75% pigeon tea via spray. This recommendation saved about 25 to 50% chemical fertilizers and protected the environment from pollution with nitrite and nitrate.

[Faissal, F. Ahmed., Mohamed. A. M. Abada and Esraa Mh. Sayed. Impact of Using Some Organic Manures Tea via Spray and Soil versus Mineral N Fertilizers for Improving Berries Colouration, Yield and Quality of Flame Seedless Grapes. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):48-59]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.08.

Keywords: Flame seedless grapevines, inorganic N, tea of compost, poultry, pigeon manures, growth, yield, berries colouration, berries quality

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Effect of Spraying Salicylic Acid, Some Crop Seed Sprouts and Turmeric Extract on Shot Berries, Yield and Berries Qyality of Superior Grapevines

Faissal F. Ahmed¹; Aisha S. A. Gaser² and Mohamed M. A. Hassan¹

¹Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ, Egypt

²Viticulture Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Instit. ARC, Giza, Egypt

faissalfadel@yahoo.com

Abstract: During 2016 and 2017 seasons Superior grapevines were treated with rocket and fenugreek seed sprouts and turmeric extract each at 0.05 to 0.2% and salicylic acid (SA) at 100 to 400 ppm to examine the effect of this treatments on yield and berries quality. Single and combined applications of fenugreek and rocket seed sprouts and turmeric extract at 0.05 to 0.2% and salicylic acid at 100 to 400 ppm caused an obvious promotion on berry setting, yield expressed in weight and number of clusters/ vine as well as weight, length and shoulder of cluster, beery weight and dimensions (longitudinal and equatorial), T.S.S. %, reducing sugars %, T.S.S/acid and reduction shot berries and total acidity% relative to the control treatment. The best materials were rocket seed sprout, salicylic acid, turmeric extract and fenugreek seed sprout, in ascending order. Combined applications (SA at 200 ppm+ fenugreek seed sprout at 0.1%, SA at 200 ppm+ turmeric extract at 0.1% and SA at 200 ppm+ rocket seed sprout at 0.1%) were favourable than using each material alone in this respect. Subjecting Superior grapevines grown under Minia region conditions three times (growth start, just after berry setting and three weeks later) with a mixture of salicylic acid at 200 ppm and fenugreek seed sprout at 0.1% at was responsible for improving yield and quality of the berries.

[Faissal F. Ahmed; Aisha S. A. Gaser and Mohamed M. A. Hassan. Effect of Spraying Salicylic Acid, Some Crop Seed Sprouts and Turmeric Extract on Shot Berries, Yield and Berries Qyality of Superior Grapevines. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):60-68]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.09.

Keywords: Rocket and fenugreek seed sprouts, turmeric extract, salicylic acid, yield, shot berries, berries quality, Superior grapevines

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Response of Superior Grapevines to Spraying Fenugreek and Rocket Seed Sprouts as well as Garlic Oil

Faissal F. Ahmed¹; Mahmoud R. Gad El-Kareem² and Asmaa A. A. Abdalla¹

¹Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ., Egypt

²Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric., Souhag Univ., Egypt

faissalfadel@yahoo.com

Abstract: During 2015 and 2016 seasons, Superior grapevines grown under Souhag climatic conditions treated with fenugreek and rocket seed sprouts at 0.025 to 0.1 % and garlic oil at 2.5 to 10 % either alone or in combinations. The vines received three sprays. The goal was selecting the best plant extracts that responsible for improving yield and quality of the berries. Single and combined applications of fenugreek and rocket seed sprouts each at 0.025 to 0.1 % and garlic oil at 2.5 to 10 % had an obvious promotion on leaf area, main shoot length, N, P, K, Mg and Ca (as %), yield, weight and dimensions of cluster as well as physical and chemical characteristics of the berries relative to the control. There was a remarkable reduction on shot berries with using plant extract treatment over the control. The best materials in improving growth, yield and berries quality could be arranged as follows in descending order garlic oil, rocket and fenugreek seed sprouts. Combined applications were preferable than using each material alone in this respect. The best results with regard to yield and berries quality of Superior grapevines grown under Souhag region were obtained due to treating the vines with fenugreek and rocket seed sprouts at 0.05 % plus garlic oil at 5 % three times.

[Faissal F. Ahmed; Mahmoud R. Gad El-Kareem and Asmaa A. A. Abdalla. Response of Superior Grapevines to Spraying Fenugreek and Rocket Seed Sprouts as well as Garlic Oil. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):69-76]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.10.

Key Words: Superior grapevines; Rocket and fenugreek seed sprouts, Garlic oil; yield; berries quality.

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Potential Impacts of Yeast Extract in Cucumis Sativus for Enhancing Protection Against Cucumber Mosaic Disease

Mahmoud R. Sofy*, Abd El-Monem M.A. Sharaf, Mohamed E. El-Nosary and Ahmed R. Sofy

Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt

*mahmoud_sofy@yahoo.com

Abstract: Cucumber mosaic disease caused by Cucumber mosaic virus leads to substantial cucumber production losses in Egypt and worldwide. So, we study the impact of CMV Egyptian isolate on plant height, growth parameters, carbohydrates, and antioxidant activities in Cucumis sativus L. alfa-beta and the use of yeast extract hopping to abolishing the harmful belongings of CMV on these plants. DAS-ELISA confirmed the infectivity of CMV Egyptian isolate. The results indicated that CMV challenged plants were reductions in shoot & root length, fresh & dry weight of shoot and root, leaves number, fruits number, fruits weight, fruits hold, soluble carbohydrates, glutathione reductase and ascorbate peroxidas when being compared with and absolute control plants. On the other hand, challenged treatment (soaked seeds with yeast extract + CMV) showed arise value in all measured parameters when being compared with and challenged control plants. It can conclude that yeast treatment improved the systemic acquired resistance against CMV.

[Sofy MR, Sharaf AMA, El-Nosary ME and Sofy AR. Potential Impacts of Yeast Extract in Cucumis Sativus for Enhancing Protection Against Cucumber Mosaic Disease. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):77-83]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.11.

Keywords: Cucumber mosaic virus, Cucumis sativus, Yeast extract, Morphology measurements, Biochemical changes

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Survey of h2-blocker antihistamines and proton pump inhibitors administration rate in patient admitted into the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) ward

Bita Dadashzadeh1*, Eilyad Issabeagloo2, Omid Mashrabi3

1-Department of Medicinal, Faculty of science, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran.
2-Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
3-Department of internal medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
dadashzadehbita@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Stress ulcer disease (SU) is the injury and acute inflammation of the mucous tissue, which in hospitalized patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in early 72 hours in 100% of patients is common. For the prevention of stress ulcer H2 blockers commonly prescribed one of the drugs, proton pump inhibitors and antacids done. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis 200 files of the archive of Sarab Imam Khomeini which according to required variables was evaluated and collected information was analyzed statistically. Results: Most patients were male and the average age of men and women were very close to each other causes of hospitalization mainly were GIB and respiratory diseases. The drugs used to reduce stomach acid is mainly Pantoprazole and the most therapist of ICU section were internal expert physicians had the Most therapist of ICU section. Conclusion: The results indicated that ICU physicians of Imam Khomeini hospital of Sarab prefer to use Pantoprazole to prevent digestion ulcers created with hospitalization.
[Bita Dadashzadeh, Eilyad Issabeagloo, Omid Mashrabi. Survey of h2-blocker antihistamines and proton pump inhibitors administration rate in patient admitted into the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) ward. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):84-90]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.12.

Keywords: H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors, peptic ulcer patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

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Evaluation of Acute myocardial infarction size in Winter and Summer

Behnam Sadighi1, Elham Khanlarzadeh2, Karim Basiri Sofiani3, Ebrahim Mashhadi3, Leila Azizkhani4

1- General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
3- Emergency Medicine Department, Emam Reza hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
4- Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kordestan University of medical sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
leila433@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: The higher occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in winter is well known, and several explanatory mechanisms have been suggested based on increased blood pressure, hematological changes and respiratory infections. Exposure to cold causes a vasoconstriction and a tachycardia, both resulting in a rise of blood pressure and cardiac work and that increase risk of AMI. The aim of this study was Evaluation of Acute myocardial infarction size in Winter and Summer. Methods: In a cross-Sectional and descriptive-analytical study that performed in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 150 patients with AMI that admitted and were under treatment in the duration 2014 to 2016 at Emam Reza hospital selected and evaluated. Necessary information such as age, sex, clinical sign, history of disease and smoking, echo cardiographs finding, angiography, mortality, admitted season (Winter and Summer) collected and evaluated. Patients divided in 2 groups in the base of season. Results: 94 of patient were male and 56 of patients were female. Mean of age in male patients was 59.77±12.88 years. And in female patients was 63.17±13.25 year. Mean of age in female patients was significantly higher (P=0.007). Significant different was not found between mean of CPK in patients of 4 groups. Significant difference was not round between mean of CK-MB in patients of 2 groups. Significant difference was not found between mean of CTNI. Significant difference was not found in 2 groups. Conclusion: In this study Significant difference between 2 groups of patients. AMI have season of uniform season distribution. Mortality of AMI in the patients studied was 31 cases (20.7%) (16 males and 15 females) (P=0.236), that 17 of them were from the summer group and 14 from the winter group, which shows no significant difference between the rate of MI-induced mortality during hospitalization among patients of the two groups of summer and winter (P=0.633).
[Behnam Sadighi, Elham Khanlarzadeh, Karim Basiri Sofiani, Ebrahim Mashhadi, Leila Azizkhani. Evaluation of Acute myocardial infarction size in Winter and Summer. N Y Sci J 2018;11(1):91-94]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnys110118.13.

Keywords: AMI, Season Distribution, Morality

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