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Personality types, occupational stress and organizational commitment among public and private banks in Iran

Maryam khodabakhshi¹, G. Shahverdian²

^1- PHD student of psychology in YSU of Armenia, Khodabakhshi23@gmail.com

^2-Department of Psychology in YSU of Armenia

Abstract: This research has been conducted to study differences among personality types and occupational stress and organizational commitment among public and private banks in Iran. Statistical society in this study are all employees of City Bank (private) and Mellat Bank (public) who were selected by random cluster sampling method from Tehran and then 180 employees from City Bank and 120 employees from Mellat Bank were selected among them. In this study, questionnaires of occupational stress Philip. L. Rice, personality types Myers - Briggs and organizational commitment Alan Meyer has been used. Also correlation method and comparing means test have been used in this research. Resulted findings showed that there is no significant difference between personality types of employees in Shahr and Mellat Bank, on the other hand mean of continuous and emotional commitment in Mellat Bank is higher than City Bank and mean of normative commitment is almost similar. Mean of occupational stress in field of interpersonal relations and physical condition in City Bank is higher than Mellat Bank and mean of occupational stress in field of occupational interests is similar in two banks.

[Maryam khodabakhshi, G. Shahverdian. Personality types, occupational stress and organizational commitment among public and private banks in Iran. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):20-24]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.01

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A trial for treatment of Flavobacteriosis in Red Sea cultured Humor fish Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849) using Humate substance and Oxytetracycline

Amnah A.H. Rayes

Faculty of Applied Sciences. Umm Al- Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia

Abstract: Present study investigate pathogencity of falvobacteria on Red Sea cultured Humor Epinephelus polyphekadion with a trial for treatment and control it using hamate substance and oxytetracycline. Naturally infected Humor fish Epinephelus polyphekadion was stocked in cement ponds along Red sea private fish farm. Large number of fish suffering from discoloration, ulcers on the skin, erosion in fins and mouth. 90 naturally infected fish was divided into three groups with three replicates 1^st group infested non treated,2^nd group treated with humate substances 15 mg/kg body weight in diet for 45 days, 3^rd group treated with long acting oxytetracycline 75 mg/kg body weight in diet for 10 days. blood samples were taken at the end of every week for three weeks post treatment, mortality rate, RBCs count, total WBCs count, cortisol concentration in serum and phagocytic index were recorded along 3 weeks post treatment. the study concluded that Flavobacteria infection in Shahwan fish should be diagnosed and treated as quick as possible to avoid fish mortalities and economical losses, using natural treatment such as humate substances which is recommended and preferable than antibiotics (oxytetracycline) treatment in fish bacterial infection as their application as it is cheap, more safe, and of little side effects on fish.

[Amnah A.H. Rayes. A trial for treatment of Flavobacteriosis in Red Sea cultured Humor fish Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849) using Humate substance and Oxytetracycline. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):5-11]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 2

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.02

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Secondary Level Students’ Attitudes toward Communicative Language Teaching in Bangladesh

Nitish Kumar Mondal

English Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Email: nitish.english@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper discusses the attitudes students have towards Communicative Language Teaching after their primary education. Although research of a similar nature has been done, the present research complements others by following 97 students in the school level studies, and it provides another avenue for examining the language situation in Bangladesh. The findings suggested that students were generally comfortable with the language environments and courses offered in secondary settings; they agreed that learning English through CLT method is important in the computer era. The respondents in the present study, who had just obtained their first degree (Primary Education), reported that group work activities are essential for communication and in promoting genuine interaction among students and by mastering the rules of grammar, students become fully capable of communicating with a non-native speaker. The respondents also reported that most of the students acquire their English knowledge for communication with others effectively when CLT is used in their classes through text book which helped them obtain the language needed for career and personal growth. They realized how important it is to possess a positive attitude towards the use of CLT for learning English.

[Nitish Kumar Mondal. Secondary Level Students’ Attitudes toward Communicative Language Teaching in Bangladesh. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):12-19]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 3

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.03

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Personality types, occupational stress and organizational commitment among public and private banks in Iran

Maryam khodabakhshi¹, G. Shahverdian²

^1- PHD student of psychology in YSU of Armenia, Khodabakhshi23@gmail.com

^2-Department of Psychology in YSU of Armenia

Abstract: This research has been conducted to study differences among personality types and occupational stress and organizational commitment among public and private banks in Iran. Statistical society in this study are all employees of City Bank (private) and Mellat Bank (public) who were selected by random cluster sampling method from Tehran and then 180 employees from City Bank and 120 employees from Mellat Bank were selected among them. In this study, questionnaires of occupational stress Philip. L. Rice, personality types Myers - Briggs and organizational commitment Alan Meyer has been used. Also correlation method and comparing means test have been used in this research. Resulted findings showed that there is no significant difference between personality types of employees in Shahr and Mellat Bank, on the other hand mean of continuous and emotional commitment in Mellat Bank is higher than City Bank and mean of normative commitment is almost similar. Mean of occupational stress in field of interpersonal relations and physical condition in City Bank is higher than Mellat Bank and mean of occupational stress in field of occupational interests is similar in two banks.

[Maryam khodabakhshi, G. Shahverdian. Personality types, occupational stress and organizational commitment among public and private banks in Iran. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):20-24]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.04

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Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Agents Involved In Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

Akingbade OA¹, Ogiogwa JI¹, Okerentugba PO², Innocent-Adiele HC², Onoh CC³, Nwanze JC³, Okonko IO²

¹Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

²Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, East-West Road, P.M.B. 5323, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria;

³Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Igbinedion University, Okada, Edo State, Nigeria

mac2finney@yahoo.com; iheanyi.okonko@uniport.edu.ng; Tel: +234-80-3538-0891

ABSTRACT: This study determined the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial agents involved in lower respiratory tract infections in patients in Abeokuta metropolis between June-December, 2011. Out of the 165 sputum samples, 40(24.24%) were positive for bacterial cultures. The result shows that LRTI were more prevalent in males than in females. Among the isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae 28(70.0%) was the most isolated organism, Streptococcus pneumoniae 7(17.5%) was next, followed by Escherichia coli 3(7.5%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2(5.0%). Age group 31-40 years had the highest prevalence 9(22.5%) of LRTI while, age group 11-20 and 61-70 years had the least 2(5.0%). The result of the sensitivity test indicates that Gram-positive and Gram negative isolates showed highest sensitivity to Ceftazidime, Levoxin, Augmentin and Ceftraxone, while high resistance was recorded for antibiotics such as Ampiciilin, Amoxicillin, Cloxaciliin, and Cotrimoxazole. This observation poses a serious public health problem.

[Akingbade OA, Ogiogwa JI, Okerentugba PO, Innocent-Adiele HC, Onoh CC, Nwanze JC, Okonko IO. Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Agents Involved In Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):25-30]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 5

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.05

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Removal Of Cd(II) From Aqueous Solution Using Modified Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles

Mehdi Bahrami ¹, Boroomandnasab Saeed ^{1, *}, Heidar Ali Kashkuli ¹, Ahmad Farrokhian Firoozi², Ali-Akbar Babaei³

1. Water Sciences Engineering Faculty. Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.

2. Agricultural Faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.

3. Environmental Technology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundi Shahpur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

mehdibahrami121@gmail.com, boroomandsaeed@yahoo.com, kashkulihda@gmail.com, a.farrokhian@scu.ac.ir, babaei-a@ajums.ac.ir

Abstract: In this study, surface modification of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles was carried out with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The obtained modified nanoparticles (SDS-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles) were evaluated for Cd(II) removal from aqueous solution by batch adsorption method. Characterization of the SDS-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Furier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The batch experiments showed that SDS-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles can be effectively used to remove Cd(II) from aqueous solution. Maximum removal of Cd(II) was obtained at pH=6 and adsorption equilibrium was achieved in 30 min. The adsorption kinetics well fitted using pseudo second-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm data could be well described by the Freundlich equation. The maximum adsorption capacity of SDS-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles for Cd²⁺ was found to be 7.466 mgg^-1. The results indicated that SDS-Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles can be used as an effective adsorbent for removing cadmium from contaminated water sources.

[Bahrami M, Boroomandnasab S, Kashkuli H.A, Farrokhian Firoozi A, Babaei A.A. Removal Of Cd(II) From Aqueous Solution Using Modified Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):31-40]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 6

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.06

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[Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):41-47]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 7. Withdrawn

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[Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):48-54]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8. Withdrawn

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Determination of Fecundity of Schizothorax esocinus from River Lidder Kashmir

Ulfat Jan¹, G. Mustafa Shah², Aijaz Ahmad Bhat³

1. Associate Professor, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, India.

2. Dean and Head, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, India.

3. Research Scholar, Post Graduate Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, India.

Correspondence Author: Aijaz Ahmad Bhat Email. aijazafzal@gmail.com

Abstract: A total of 53 specimens were collected from River Lidder Kashmir for a period of twelve months. The fecundity was determined by gravimetric method. Results observed indicated that the mean of relative fecundity was 1322.5 and standard deviation is149.97. Whereas the mean of absolute fecundity was 48 and standard deviation is 4.646. The P. value of relative fecundity was 0.9317 considered not significant. Whereas P.value of absolute fecundity was 0.37, which was considered as not significant.

[Ulfat Jan, G. Mustafa Shah, Aijaz Ahmad Bhat. Determination of Fecundity of Schizothorax esocinus from River Lidder Kashmir. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):55-57]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 9

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.09

Keywords: River Lidder Kashmir, Schizothorax esocinus, Fecundity

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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PORT-HARCOURT TEACHING HOSPITAL: AGE RELATED DISPARITIES

¹N. Frank-Peterside, ²A.P. Onwuka and ¹Okonko IO

¹Medical Microbiology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Port-Harcourt, East-West Road, P.M.B. 5323, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria;

²Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, East-West Road, Choba, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria;

mac2finney@yahoo.com; iheanyi.okonko@uniport.edu.ng; Tel.: +234 803 538 0891

Abstract: This study investigated the age-related disparities in the prevalence of pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Port-Harcourt metropolis of Rivers-State, Nigeria. A total of 1038 sputum samples were collected from in and out patients of the University of Port- Harcourt Teaching Hospital for a period of one year. Three (3) deep cough samples were collected per patient over a period of three days. The samples were examined macroscopically and microscopically. The Ziehl-Neelsen technique for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum was carried out. The sputum samples were also cultured using MacConkey, Chocolate and Blood agar. Biochemical tests were used for identification. Of the 1038 samples collected, 348(33.5%) tested positive and 690(66.5%) were negative for acid bacilli. From this study, the age ranges of subjects were 1 to 80 years. The study showed that there was a significant difference between age groups for carriage rates of AFB between children and more elderly adults (46.3% vs. 8.8%, P <0.05), between adolescents and more elderly adults (31.1% vs. 8.8%, P <0.05) and between younger adults and more elderly adults (38.3% vs. 8.8%, P <0.05). The study showed that there was no significant difference between age groups for carriage rates of AFB between children with positive and negative AFB smears (46.3% vs. 53.7%, P >0.05) and between younger adults with positive and negative AFB smears (38.3% vs. 61.7%, P >0.05). The study also showed that there was a significant difference between age groups for carriage rates of AFB between adolescents with positive and negative AFB smears (31.1% vs. 68.9%, P <0.05), and between more elderly adults with positive and negative AFB smears (8.8% vs. 91.2%, P <0.05). In conclusion, the 33.5% reported in this study assumed significance and is also an indicative of an emerging epidemic in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Continued research on age and tuberculosis need to be geared in the direction of ascertaining the magnitude of age disparities in tuberculosis, from contracting the disease to successful recovery and rehabilitation and examining the causes underlying any age disparities, to understand the extent to which these are biological, social/cultural or operational, through comparative studies in disease settings.

N. Frank-Peterside, A.P. Onwuka and Okonko IO. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN THE UNIVERSITY OF PORT-HARCOURT TEACHING HOSPITAL: AGE RELATED DISPARITIES. Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):58-64]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 10

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.10

Keywords: Epidemiology, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Age, Disparities, Ziehl-Neelsen technique

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Histo-Pathological Changes in Leaves Cells of Squash Plants infected with Squash leaf curl begomovirus (SqLCV)

¹Mohamed, E.F.; ²Azza, G.Farag; ¹Osman, T.A.M; and A, ³Eman, A.

1. Botany Dept., Fac. Agric. Fayoum, Fayoum University, Egypt.

2. Virus and phytoplasma Res. Dept, Plant Pathology Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt(Biotechnology Dept., Faculty of Science, Taif University, Saudi Arabia, KSA

3. Virus and phytoplasma Res. Dept, Plant Pathology Res. Inst., ARC, Giza, Egypt.

e.mail: emaddwidar@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) was isolated from squash plants cultivated in Fayoum Governorate. Field inspection of squash leaf curl viral disease was determined according to visual symptoms. Squash plants naturally diseased with SqLCV showed systemic viral symptoms of leaf curling, leaf crinkle, vein banding, fruit malformation and stunting. Virus was confirmed using PCR. Bemisia tabaci insect was able to transmit SqLCV from infected to healthy squash seedlings. The resultant purified virus preparation gave a UV spectrum typical of nucleoprotein. Maximum and minimum absorbance was recorded at 257 and 245 nm, respectively. The purified virus yield obtained in this study was 1.1 mg/ml/100g leaf tissues using the extraction coefficient of 7.7. Light microscopy was used to recognize the effect of squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) on the anatomy structure of different organelles such as stem, leaf petiole and leaf blade. The results obtained showed that: Infection of squash plants by squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV) led to a decrease in stem section diameter by (10.9%), this decrease was due to the decrease in average diameter of cavity by (33.3%). While, other stem components measurements were showed an increase in its measurements; infection of squash plants by SqLCV decreased the section diameter of leaf petiole by (24.4%), this decrease resulted from the decrease in average thickness of ground tissue by 25% and decrease of average diameter of cavity by 17.9%. While, the other leaf petiole components was less affected; squash leaves were greatly affected as a result of the infection by squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV). This infection was led to an increase in midvein dimension by (22.2% x 28.0%). This increase resulted from the increase in midvein vascular bundle dimension by (127.3 x 76.9%). Electron microscopy was used to recognize the internal changes on internal organelles due to infection of squash leaf curl virus (SqLCV). The results obtained showed that, severe damage in chloroplasts including thylakoids in garana; uneven thickening in the cell walls resulted from developing the curly symptoms in squash leaves; severe damage in mitochondria; aggregates of cytoplasm; nucleus becomes swelled.

[Mohamed, E.F.; Azza, G.Farag; Osman, T.A.M; and A, Eman, A. Histo-Pathological Changes in Leaves Cells of Squash Plants infected with Squash leaf curl begomovirus (SqLCV). Rep Opinion 2012;4(5):65-75]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 11

doi:10.7537/marsroj040512.11

Keywords: Histo-Pathological; Cell; Plant; infect; Squash; leaf; begomovirus

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Feature Fusion in Improving Object Class Recognition

¹Noridayu Manshor, ²Amir Rizaan Abdul Rahiman, ³Mandava Rajeswari and ³Dhanesh Ramachandram

¹Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia

²Department of Multimedia, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia

³Computer Vision Research Group, School of Computer Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia 

Key words: Feature fusion, support vector machine, shape features, local features

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