No.

Titles / Authors

Full Text

 No.

1

Assessing of distance learning in adult education

Abbas Emami, Maryam Khodamoradi, Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Esmaeel Ghorbani

Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

*Corresponding author: mehran11070@yahoo.com

Abstract: The adult education process drives towards the achievement of the capability to individually use reason on the subject matter in question. Adult education is oriented at the use, at any age, of attitudes and skills prone to clarifying any distortions in communication, favouring “why,” “how,” “when” and “where” as well as the “what for” in all situations. Adult learners are often those that distinguish each other and have many different targets at the same time and will follow a common challenge to fulfill the goals of building self motivation vectors as educational materials to learn and use the forge.

[Abbas Emami, Maryam Khodamoradi, Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Esmaeel Ghorbani. Assessing of distance learning in adult education. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):1-5]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 1

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.01

Keywords: distance learning, adult education

Full Text

1

2

Key Characteristics of Adult Education and Literacy Programs

Esmaeel Ghorbani, Maryam Khodamoradi, Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Abbas Emami

Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

*Corresponding author: mehran11070@yahoo.com

Abstract: Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. Adult education takes place in the workplace, through 'extension' school (e.g. Harvard Extension) or 'school of continuing education' (Columbia School of Continuing Education). Other learning places include community colleges, folk high schools, and lifelong learning centers. The practice is also often referred to as 'Training and Development 'and is often associated with workforce or professional development. It has also been referred to as andragogy (to distinguish it from pedagogy). Adult education is different from vocational education, which is mostly workplace-based for skill improvement; and also from non-formal adult education, including learning skills or learning for personal development.

[Esmaeel Ghorbani, Maryam Khodamoradi, Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Abbas Emami. Key Characteristics of Adult Education and Literacy Programs. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):6-10]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 2

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.02

Keywords: indigenous knowledge, rural

Full Text

2

3

Climate Variability: Relative Effect on Nigeria’s Cassava Productive Capacity

Agwu, N.M ^1*. I.N. Nwachukwu² and C.I. Anyanwu²

¹Dept of Marketing

²Dept of Agribusiness and Management

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State

Email: namak71@yahoo.com*; nwachukwu.ifeanyi@mouau.edu.ng

ABSTRACT: The study analyzed the relative effect of climate variability on cassava production in Nigeria. It elicited secondary data from reputable sources such as Food and Agriculture Organization statistical data base (FAOSTAT); World Bank database; Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) for the 1960 – 2008. Multiple regression model was employed in the course of data analysis and the results showed that the climate variables had no significant effect on the output of cassava within the period under study. On the basis of the outcome, the study suggested mounting of intensive expansion programs to boost cassava production since the crop is not influenced by climate variability as part of efforts to revitalize Nigeria’s export subsector and national income generation drive.

[Agwu, N.M. I.N. Nwachukwu and C.I. Anyanwu. Climate Variability: Relative Effect on Nigeria’s Cassava Productive Capacity. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):11-14]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 3

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.03

Key words: Cassava, Climate variability, Cobb-Douglas Production Function.

Full Text

3

4

Comparative immunological studies between tissue culture and egg adapted duck plague vaccines.

Hayam Farouk; Nermeen Mahmoud and Susan, S. El-Mahdy.

Central laboratory for Evaluation of Vet. Biol. Abb. Cairo. Egypt (CLEVB)

Prof.s.elmahdy@gmail.com.

Abstract: This study was designed to compare the immune antibody levels either with tissue culture adapted vaccine or egg adapted one response of duck vaccinated against duck plague (DP) used in duck farms in Egypt. Five day old two hundred and ten ducklings were divided into equal seven groups. Groups (1 & 2) were vaccinated with two commercial imported egg adapted (DP) living vaccine; groups (3 & 4) with two commercial locally prepared egg adapted one. While ducks in group (5) vaccinated with commercial imported tissue culture adapted (DP) living vaccine. Groups (6&7) not receive vaccine and served as (+ ve & – ve) control respectively. Blood samples collected weekly post vaccination for monitoring antibody levels by using three serological tests (SNT; PHA and AGPT) and every two weeks duckling in groups (1-6) were individually challenged with 10^5.5 EID ₅₀/dose DP virulent strains. The protection evaluated for ten days post each inoculation. The results of this study showed that under experimental condition the commercial egg adapted vaccine either locally prepared or imported one gave higher protective antibodies lasting for long time than tissue culture (DP) vaccine and can be used for controlling duck plague problems in Egypt.

[Hayam Farouk; Nermeen Mahmoud and Susan, S. El-Mahdy. Comparative immunological studies between tissue culture and egg adapted duck plague vaccines.. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):15-38]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.04

Keywords: Duck plague virus; vaccines; immunological studies.

Full Text

4

5

Effect of Vibration on Bone Density in Obese Stunted Children

Sahar A. Khairy¹, Gulsen A Saleh², Sahar A Ibrahim¹, Hoda A.Abdel Salam³, Safaa E Tawfik⁴

 ¹Pediatrics, ²Community Medicine, ³Nutrition and Food Science, ⁴Childhood Study

National Nutrition Institute

mailto:dr_ms_mrs@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: of the current study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive stimulation in the form of whole body vibration (WBV) on bone mineral density (BMD) and on body weight (BW) in obese stunted children. Subjects and methods: Thirty obese stunted children were selected from Governmental Primary Schools in Giza and National Nutrition Institute. Their ages ranged from 8 to 12 years with average age (10.5±1.1 year). They were divided randomly into 2 study groups of equal number. All the participated children of the study groups received a program of balanced diet regimen and aerobic exercise. Children of study group (II) received program of balanced diet regimen and aerobic exercise, in addition to whole body vibration (WBV). Results: revealed that there were statistically significant improvements in BMD in both groups after participation in the treatment program. Also there was statistically significant decrease in BW and BMI. These improvements were more significant in the study group (II). Conclusion: From the obtained results of this study, supported by a number of scientific research work, it can be concluded that WBV can be considered as a useful and important therapeutic modality to improve BMD and decrease BW and BMI at the same time in 8 to 12 years old obese stunted children.

[Sahar A. Khairy, Gulsen A Saleh, Sahar A Ibrahim, Hoda A.Abdel Salam, Safaa E Tawfik. Effect of Vibration on Bone Density in Obese Stunted Children. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):21-29]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 5

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.05

Keywords: Children, obesity, stunting, whole body vibration, bone mineral density, body mass index

Full Text

5

6

Testing Scientific Claim At Own Risk: Reproducibility Against Novelty

Artem Akopyan

aakopyan@uwo.ca

Abstract: The article discusses the problem of validation by means of independent replication. Bem’s studies of precognition are discussed in that context, as well as the recognized measure of implicit attitutes, the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP). Subsequently, a review of LeBel’s replication of Payne, Hall, Cameron, and Bishara (2010) is presented. Finally, important replication-oriented initiatives are outlined.

[Artem Akopyan. Testing Scientific Claim At Own Risk: Reproducibility Against Novelty. Rep Opinion 2012; 4(12): 30-36]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 6

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.06

Keywords: reproducibility, affect misattribution, questionable research

Full Text

6

7

Rate equation for single- substrate enzyme -catalyzed reaction

Madhukar. C

# 444, 3^rd C Main, 1^st Stage, 2^nd phase, Manjunath nagar, Bangalore560010, Karnataka, India

Email: benaka.madhu@gmail.com

Abstract: The aim of this article is to establish a rate equation for single- substrate enzyme -catalyzed reaction.

[Madhukar. C. Rate equation for single- substrate enzyme -catalyzed reaction. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):37-38]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 7

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.07

Keywords: Enzyme, Substrate, ES complex, Michaelis constant.

Full Text

7

8

Assessing of distance learning in adult education

Abbas Emami ¹, Maryam Khodamoradi², Mehran Bozorgmanesh ³ and Esmaeel Ghorbani ⁴

^1,2,3,4 Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

*Corresponding author: mehran11070@yahoo.com

Abstract: The adult education process drives towards the achievement of the capability to individually use reason on the subject matter in question. Adult education is oriented at the use, at any age, of attitudes and skills prone to clarifying any distortions in communication, favouring “why,” “how,” “when” and “where” as well as the “what for” in all situations. Adult learners are often those that distinguish each other and have many different targets at the same time and will follow a common challenge to fulfill the goals of building self motivation vectors as educational materials to learn and use the forge.

[Abbas Emami, Maryam Khodamoradi, Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Esmaeel Ghorbani. Assessing of distance learning in adult education. Rep Opinion 2012; 4(12): 39-43]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.08

Keywords: distance learning, adult education

Full Text

8

9

Distance learning tools in adult education

Maryam Khodamoradi, Esmaeel Ghorbani, Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Abbas Emami

Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran

*Corresponding author: mehran11070@yahoo.com

Abstract: While there is still prejudice surrounding some distance learning, it is increasingly being accepted as an alternative to traditional classroom learning. Courses can be offered via the Internet, where students are able to interact with instructors and other students without physically being in the same room. Getting a college education can be difficult for people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Frequent trips to the restroom, exhaustion, doctor visits, and medication side effects are all barriers to the traditional college experience. What if you could get the degree without ever setting foot on a campus? You can do just that through distance or virtual learning. Distance learning has been around for a long time (we've all seen the commercials on TV).

[Maryam Khodamoradi, Esmaeel Ghorbani,Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Abbas Emami. Distance learning tools in adult education. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):44-47]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 9

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.09

Keywords: adult education, distance learning

Full Text

9

10

In -vitro evaluation of the efficacy of Jatropha curcas Linn. and fungicides in the control of Ceratocystis paradoxa (Chalara anamorph) IMI 501775 associated with bole rot of Cocos nucifera Linn. seedlings

Jonathan S.G.¹*, ^a Udoh M.E.², and ^bOlawuyi O.J.¹

^a Mycology & Biotechnology unit, ^b Genetics & Molecular Biology unit,

^1, Department of Botany& Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Nigeria

 gbolyjoe@yahoo.com

Abstract: The study was aimed at evaluating the antifungal properties of the ethanolic extracts of Jatropha curcas seeds and various fungicides; benlate, captan, difolatan and dithane M-45 against the causative agent of bole rot of coconut seedlings; Ceratocystis paradoxa. Five different concentrations of J. curcas seed; 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% were tested against C. paradoxa using the pour plate method. The extract of ethanol of the Jatropha seed showed a maximum zone of inhibitory potentials at 100% (0.5mm) and 75% (0.5mm) compared to others which did not produce zone of inhibition. The various fungicides were also tested for antifungal properties at different concentrations; 500ppm, 1000ppm, 1500ppm and 2000ppm against C. paradoxa. Amongst the fungicides tested, benlate and captan had higher zones of inhibition of 0.5mm and 0.5mm respectively for all the concentrations. This result therefore confirms the efficacy of benlate (0.5mm) and captan (0.5mm) as well as 75% and 100% concentration of ethanolic extract of Jatropha curcas seeds as the best selective control measure in management of Ceratocystis paradoxa.

[Jonathan S.G., Udoh M.E., and Olawuyi O.J. In -vitro evaluation of the efficacy of Jatropha curcas Linn. and fungicides in the control of Ceratocystis paradoxa (Chalara anamorph) IMI 501775 associated with bole rot of Cocos nucifera Linn. Seedlings. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):48-60]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 10

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.10

Keywords: Ceratocystis paradoxa, fungicides, Jatropha curcas seed extract, coconut seedlings.

Full Text

10

11

Impact of internal marketing on customer orientation A case study on municipals of Shiraz and Neyriz

Masoud shahsavani¹, Hossein Rezaei Dolatabadi², Bahram Ranjbarian³

¹Department of management University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

²Assistant Professor, Dep. of management, University of Isfahan

³Professor, Department of Management University of Isfahan

Abstract: The present study aims to review the impact of internal marketing on customer orientation in the municipals of Shiraz and Neyriz. Within the proposed research model, the effect of customer orientation as an exogenous variable on three variables of internal marketing, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment was studied and then Indirect effect of internal marketing on customer orientation and organizational commitment was surveyed. This study was a descriptive-survey research. Statistic population included municipal employees of Shiraz and Neyriz in Fars Province forming a sample of 172. As the simultaneous effect of multiple independent and dependent variables was supposed to be measured, structural equations method (Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations) using the Lisrel software was applied to analyze the data and test the hypotheses in the present study. The results of this study indicate that internal marketing affect customer orientation. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between internal marketing with job satisfaction and organizational commitment, but hypotheses about the impact of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on customer orientation were not confirmed. Finally, indirect impact of internal marketing on customer orientation through job satisfaction and organizational commitment was not confirmed, but indirect impact of internal marketing on organizational commitment through job satisfaction was confirmed. In addition to direct effects of these variables, their indirect impact on each other was also measured.

[Masoud shahsavani, Hossein Rezaei Dolatabadi, Bahram Ranjbarian. Impact of internal marketing on customer orientation: A case study on municipals of Shiraz and Neyriz. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):61-66]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 11

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.11

Key words: Internal marketing; Job satisfaction; Organizational commitment; Customer orientation

Full Text

11

12

Accuracy of combined mammography and breast ultrasound versus breast ultrasound alone in young women below 40 years.

Hanan Gewefel ^a, Dina H Salama ^b

^a Lecturer of Radiographic Imaging Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, MisrUniversity for Science

Technology, Cairo, Egypt.

^b Lecturer of Radiodiagnosis, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.

drdinahusseiny@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: To compare the accuracy of combined mammography and breast ultrasound versus breast ultrasound alone in evaluating young women below 40 years. Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical reports of all mammographic and sonographic breast imaging from November 2008 to December 2011 of young women, below the age of 40 years. Women presented to the breast imaging unit of Women and Fetal Imaging Center for screening and diagnostic purposes, were included in the study. Records were reviewed for sonographic or combined mammographic and sonographic findings together with Breast Imaging and Reporting Data System (BIRADS) assessment and histological results. Examintions rated as BIRADS categories; 1, 2, and 3 were considered negative, while 4 and 5 were considered positive. Results: A total of 256 patients were included in the study. Ninety eight patients (38.3%) were evaluated using breast ultrasound, while 158 patients (61.7%) were evaluated using both breast ultrasound and mammography. Palpable mass was the presenting symptom in 111 (43.4 %) of the cases. Biopsies were performed for 36 (14.1%) patients, while follow up for one year or more was done for 220 (85.9%)of patients. By either biopsy or follow up, 22 patients were malignant (8.6%) while 234 (91.4%) were benign. For the 98 cases evaluated with sonography, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and over-all accuracy were 87.5%, 100%, 100 % 98.9% and 89.8% respectively; While For the 158 cases evaluated with mammography and sonography, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and over-all accuracy were 92.9%, 98.6% specificity, 86.7%, 99.3% and 98.1 % respectively. Conclusion: Among the study population, breast ultrasound alone accurately revealed the malignant cases that were present in our study group with 100% PPV, however performing combined mammography and sonography in suspicious cases may increase the sensitivity yet with no significant difference.

[Hanan Gewefel, Dina H Salama. Accuracy of combined mammography and breast ultrasound versus breast ultrasound alone in young women below 40 years. Rep Opinion 2012;4(12):67-74]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 12

doi:10.7537/marsroj041212.12

Key words: Breast cancer, breast ultrasound, mammography

Full Text

12