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Study of Clinical Profile of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosed By Ultrasonography

Aijaz Bhurgri¹, Kashif Aziz Siddiqui²

¹Bilawal Medical Collage, LUMHS, ²Isra University, Hyderabad

Aijaz.burghi@gmail.com

Abstract: Background & Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a main reason of CLD. NAFLD may advance towards fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma, like alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD). The objective of the present research was to study the clinical profile of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease diagnosed by ultrasonography. Material and Methods: The observational study was conduct at the Department of Radiology, Isra University, the patients diagnosed as NAFLD. Simple random sample pattern was carried out among 100 patients aged 30 to 55 years old identify of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in this study was formed on by sonographic of a fatty liver. Results: 60% of patients of NAFLD had abnormal clinical profile was found. A level of Total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and triglyceride and HDL cholesterol was an increased and abnormality as the severity of fatty liver increased. Conclusions: Abnormal levels of clinical profile are risk factors for NAFLD. Therefore it is suggested that ultrasonography of the liver requisite portion of the regular health checkup of patients. Prompt findings may support in varying the disease progress, conceding obstacles and may similarly play a main part in preventive complications.

[Aijaz Bhurgri, Kashif Aziz Siddiqui, Bhurgri A, Siddiqui KA. Study of Clinical Profile of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Diagnosed By Ultrasonography. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):1-3]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 1. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.01.

Keywords: Non-alcohol fatty liver, clinical profile, Ultrasonography

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A comparison between the level of anxiety and aggression patterns in adolescents

Hossein Karimi¹, Ali Karimi²

^1. MA in Clinical Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Yasuj Branch, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran

^2. BS in Counseling, Shahrekord University, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran

hkarimi9777030@gmail.com

Abstract: The main purpose of this study is a comparison between level of anxiety and aggression patterns in adolescents. Increasing evidence supports the notion that both internalizing (e.g., anxiety) and externalizing (e.g., aggression) behavioral dysregulation are associated with abnormal communication between brain regions. Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals across two electrode sites are said to be coherent with one another when they show consistent phase relations. However, periods of desynchrony with shifting of phase relations are a necessary aspect of information processing. The components of EEG phase reset (‘locking’ when two regions remain in synchrony, and ‘shifting’ when the two regions desynchronize momentarily) show dramatic changes across development. We collected resting EEG data from typically developing 12 to 15-year-olds and calculated phase shift and lock values in the alpha frequency band across 14 pairs of electrodes varying in inter-electrode distance. A composite measure of anxiety levels was positively associated with alpha phase locking at sites over both hemispheres, consistent with changes in connectivity reported during anxious thinking in adults. Associations with anxiety could not be explained by traditional EEG coherence measures and suggest that phase shifting and locking might provide an important non-invasive associate of clinically problematic behavior. A composite measure of participants’ aggression levels was positively associated with phase shifting, particularly in the low alpha frequency range, most strongly over the left hemisphere, consistent with the relatively greater left-prefrontal activity reported in aggressive adults.

[Hosein Karimi, Ali Karimi. A comparison between the level of anxiety and aggression patterns in adolescents. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):4-11]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 2. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.02.

Key words: Anxiety, Aggression patterns, Adolescents

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Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers Access to Credit in Ondo State, Nigeria

* Ibidapo, I.; Ogunsipe, M. H. and Oso, O. P.

Department of Agricultural Science, Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo.

* ibidapo68@gmail.com

Abstract: Access to credit among smallholder farmers has being a major problem confronting smallholder production in the rural areas. However previous studies on access to credit focused on farming households with little empirical evidence to understand factors influencing smallholder farmers’ access to credit. Hence, factors influencing smallholder farmers’ access to credit in Ondo state. Nigeria was investigated. The multistage sampling technique was used to select respondents for the study. The primary data for the study was gathered with a structured questionnaire. The descriptive statistics and multinomial logit models were used to analyse data collected. The mean age of smallholder household heads was 44.3±7.6 years, 60.3% were male headed households while 57.1% were married with 7±2.6 members per household and 58.3% had primary education while 51.9% were primarily into farming with 10.4±7.1 years of experience. The main source of credit was the money lenders with inadequate funds and collateral security as major challenges in accessing credit. The MNL estimates revealed age, education, gender, household size, land size, occupation among others were the significant variables influencing smallholder farmers’ access to credit in the study area. It was recommended that smallholder farmers should be given access to credit; credit policy and collateral security arrangements should be reviewed.

[Ibidapo, I.; Ogunsipe, M. H. and Oso, O. P. Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers Access to Credit in Ondo State, Nigeria. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):12-19]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 3. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.03.

Keywords: Access, Informal credit, Smallholder farmers, Ondo State.

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Cluster Analysis and Association Between Simple Sequence Repeat Makers With Qualitative Trait in Some Nigerian Achishuru Cowpea Land Races

Amos Cyrus¹, Mohammed F. Ishiyaku², Yusuf Mansir¹, US Abdullahi¹

¹Department of Plant Science Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Nigeria

²Institute of Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

mramoscyrus@yahoo.com, +234-7031114820

Abstract: Most studies on cowpea in Nigeria are restricted to the mainstream cowpea germplasm with little attention to achishuru type despite its age-long importance in the survival of over one million people of the mid central Nigeria. A total of twenty achishuru cowpea accessions where collected for genetic diversity studies through grouping the accessions into similar agronomic characteristic using the cluster analysis, since little is known on the genetic architecture of the crop, Morphological data was taken in a completely randomized block design. Accessions were characterized based on ten quantitative and thirteen qualitative traits. The Cluster analysis shows that cluster I consist of ten accessions with similar earliness to maturity, cluster II consist of six accessions with similar days to grain filling, cluster III and IV consist of two accessions each. For the qualitative traits, cluster I consist of seven accessions whose members are tolerant to cowpea bruchid. Six polymorphic simple sequence repeat, were amplified using the six primers (VM31, VM35, VM36, VM68, VM39 and VM70) using the PCR technique. The level of association between the simple sequence repeat primers and some qualitative traits were analyzed using a non parametric statistics. No SSR marker was suspected to be associated with any of the qualitative trait except for twinning tendency and VM39 (P<0.05).

[Amos Cyrus, Mohammed F. Ishiyaku, Yusuf Mansir, US Abdullahi. Cluster Analysis and Association Between Simple Sequence Repeat Makers With Qualitative Trait in Some Nigerian Achishuru Cowpea Land Races. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):20-26]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.04.

Keyword: simple sequence repeat; achishuru; association; PCR; landrace

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A study on Anaemia among Adolescent Girls in District Pulwama

¹Irshad Ahmad Wani & ²Syed Bushra Muzamil

¹Employee department of Education Central University of Kashmir

²Dept. of drinking water and sanitation of J & K

Abstract: India has the world’s highest prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among women, with 60 to 70 percent of the adolescent girls being anaemic. Adolescence is considered as a nutritionally critical period of life. The present study is an effort to study the prevalence of iron deficiency of anaemia among adolescent girls. The study was conducted on a sample of 60 adolescent girl students from four different secondary schools of district pulwama. Self constructed Questionnaire was developed by the investigator were used for data collection. Significant results were found that the students which belong to govt. school are more anaemic than private schools.

[Irshad Ahmad Wani & Syed Bushra Muzamil. A study on Anaemia among Adolescent Girls in District Pulwama. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):27-35]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 5. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.05.

Keyword: study; Anaemia; Adolescent; Girl; District Pulwama

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Survey On Bovine Trypanosomosis In Mandura District Of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia: Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors

¹Asmamaw Aki Jano, ²Kebede Guremesa, and ³ Gutema Gudeta

Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O.Box:326, Asossa, Ethiopia; email address: asmamawaki@gmail.com; Cele phone: +251922232353

Abstract: This study was conducted in Mandura district of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia between January and April, 2017 to determine trypanosomosis status, anemia association with trypanosomosis, trypanosomes species and to identify associated risks. Dark phase contrast buffy coat procedures were used for determining prevalence. Whereas, haematocrit method was used for packed cell volume (PCV) values determination. Furthermore, traps were deployed for the purpose of entomological survey. Of the total animals diagnosed 101/384(26.30%) were trypanosomes positive. Trypanosoma congolense 88/101(87.13%), Trypanosoma vivax 6/101(5.94%), Trypanosoma brucei 2/101(1.98%) were detected with their mixed infections 5/101(4.95%). Trypanosomes infection rate was statistically significant (P<0.0001). Mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of parasitaemic animals was lower (22.01% +3.81) than that of aparasitaemic animals (27.03% + 0.65) and the variation was statistically significant (P<0.0001). Among the examined animals, 45.83% (176/384) were found anaemic. Anaemia distribution was significantly higher 31.25% in infected cattle than in non-infected 14.58%. Study sites (p>0.05) and age categories were demonstrated significant risk factors, however, sex groups were found non- significant (P> 0.05). But body conditions has significant difference (P<0.003). During the survey, Glossina tachinoides was found in the area (5.64 f/t/d) along with other mechanical vectors such as stomoxys (4.24 f/t/d), haematopota 0.72 f/t/d) and tabanid (1.06 f/t/d). To summarize, the present study showed high trypanosomosis prevalence in the area reflecting the need for strategic control measures.

[Asmamaw Aki Jano, Kebede Guremesa, and Gutema Gudeta. Survey On Bovine Trypanosomosis In Mandura District Of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia: Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):36-42]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 6. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.06.

Key Words: Anaemia; Mandura; PCV; Risk factor; Trypanosomosis; Tsetse fly

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Some researches on Chinese enterprises who invest in Mongolia

Bayartsogt Oyun

Master degree in Business administration, China Nanjing University Science and Technology

1970925485@qq.com

Abstract: Chinese enterprises in Mongolia did a lot of benefits to Mongolian people but broadcasting through local media is not enough. How to spread good news timely and to learn to connect with local news media is the vital purpose of Chinese enterprises. The branch office of the Bank of China in Ulaanbaatar city established “Chinese Mongolian Education and Culture Fund” and “Chinese Mongolian Social Development Fund” and they have done a lot of good deeds for Mongolian people such as giving stipends to students who are poor. Thus, they transferred positive energy to local people and formed the good image of Chinese enterprises in Mongolia.

[Bayartsogt Oyun. Some researches on Chinese enterprises who invest in Mongolia. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):43-46]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 7. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.07.

Keywords: Chinese; enterprise; Mongolia; benefit; energy; people

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Evaluation of Novel Nutrient Formulations for Use in Hydroponics.

^aAmos Cyrus, ^aI. S Usman

^a Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Nigeria

mramoscyrus@yahoo.com^.

Abstract: An experiment was conducted with an aim of evaluating commercially available nutrient formulations for use in hydroponics. The locally nutrients formulations are modified crystallizer, modified polyfeed, and a standard (coffer formulation). These were tested in pails arranged in a completely randomized design. Electrical conductivity (E.C.) and pH measurements were maintained at 2.5-2.7mhos and 6.5 respectively. Aeration was provided using aquarium pumps to the lettuce and the cabbage roots to encourage root respiration. Final results of the experiment shows that a significant difference exist among the treatment means, there was a significant difference among the nutrient solution and the test crops for fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area, and crop growth rate (CGR). The difference among treatments was significant for, plant height, while coffer formulation and modified polyfeed produced the highest fresh weight mass of cabbage and lettuce vegetable crops. The choice for nutrient formulation to be used in hydroponics is no longer a problem as modified polyfeed has been proven in this work to be more promising, which is locally available in the market as Haifa polyfeed foliar fertilizer.

[Amos Cyrus, I.S Usman. Evaluation of Novel Nutrient Formulations for Use in Hydroponics. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):47-52]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.08.

Keywords. Hydroponics, Electrical conductivity, Aeration, Nutrient solution. Aquarium pumps.

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Determinants Of Rural Women Economic Empowerment In Ondo State, Nigeria

*Ibidapo, I., Oso, O. P. and Shittu, B. A.

Department of Agricultural Science, Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo State, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author’s Email: ibidapo68@gmail.com

Abstract: The study examined the determinants of women economic empowerment in Ondo State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was used in the selection of 128 respondents for the study. Structured questionnaire with Interview schedule was used to elicit information for the study. Data collected were analyzed with the aid of descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The mean age of respondents was 45.7±2.4years, 57.7% were married with mean household size of 8±3 members. Majority of the respondents (66.5%) had adult literacy education and 54.8% were into farming. Constraints facing women economic empowerment included inadequate funding, poverty, illiteracy, among others. The regression analysis revealed that age (beta = 0.380; p<0.05), education (beta = 0.451; p≤0.01), occupation (beta = 0.295; p≤0.01) were the significant factors influencing women economic empowerment. Access to credit, education and entrepreneurship training should be provided for the rural women.

[Ibidapo, I., Oso, O. P. and Shittu, B. A.. Determinants Of Rural Women Economic Empowerment In Ondo State, Nigeria. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):53-59]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 9. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.09.

Keywords: Economic empowerment, Rural women, Access to credit, Ondo state.

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Review On Reproductive Biotechnology And Its Role In Dairy Cattle Production And Health

Shibiru Bedasa², Abriham Kebede^1*, Ashebr Abraha²

¹school Of Veterinary Medicine, College Of Medical And Health Science, Wollega University, P.O. Box, 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia

² College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University

*Corresponding Author: Dr Abriham Kebede: School Of Veterinary Medicine, College Of Medical and Health Science, Wollega University, P.O. Box, 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia.

Contact Address: e-mail: abrahamkebede2016@gmail.com, Mobile Phone No=+251-917-095-077

Abstract: Biotechnology is a key technology in the generation of an adequate food supply for the ever growing human population. The main objectives of using this biotechnology in dairy cattle are to increase production, reproductive efficiency and rates of genetic improvement. To achieve this goal, reproductive biotechnologies like: - artificial insemination (AI), synchronization, Embryo transfer (ET), in-vitro fertilization (IVF) cloning, and newly emerging reproductive biotechnologies. Artificial insemination, the oldest and most powerful among the reproductive technologies because it is easy to perform, cost-effective, and highly successful and synchronization are the most applicable technology almost all over the world. It does not mean that it is morally acceptable or friendly welfare. It can prevent venereal transmission of sexually transmitted diseases; increases milk production and also reproduce disease resistant offspring. However, improper use of this technology can affect the production and the health of animal. Reproductive biotechnology have also drawbacks like high cost, need instruments & materials, patience, longtime, skilled man power and animal welfare consideration. Most of these biotechnologies (cloning (nuclear transfer), embryo transfer and in-vitro fertilization) are not comfortable to apply for commercial purpose unlike AI. In Ethiopia, most of these technologies are not widely used due to different constraints. Hence, there should be a means to apply most of the technologies in extensive animal production system across the globe to improve dairy production and health.

[Shibiru Bedasa, Abriham Kebede. Ashebr Abraha. Review On Reproductive Biotechnology And Its Role In Dairy Cattle Production And Health. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):60-70]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 10. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.10.

Keywords: AI, Cloning, ET, Genetic improvement, In-vitro fertilization, Synchronization

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Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers Access to Credit in Ondo State, Nigeria

*Ibidapo, I.; Ogunsipe, M. H. and Oso, O. P.

Department of Agricultural Science, Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo.

*(ibidapo68@gmail.com)

Abstract: Access to credit among smallholder farmers has being a major problem confronting smallholder production in the rural areas. However previous studies on access to credit focused on farming households with little empirical evidence to understand factors influencing smallholder farmers’ access to credit. Hence, factors influencing smallholder farmers’ access to credit in Ondo state. Nigeria was investigated. The multistage sampling technique was used to select respondents for the study. The primary data for the study was gathered with a structured questionnaire. The descriptive statistics and multinomial logit models were used to analyse data collected. The mean age of smallholder household heads was 44.3±7.6years, 60.3% were male headed households while 57.1% were married with 7±2.6members per household and 58.3% had primary education while 51.9% were primarily into farming with 10.4±7.1years of experience. The main source of credit was the money lenders with inadequate funds and collateral security as major challenges in accessing credit. The MNL estimates revealed age, education, gender, household size, land size, occupation among others were the significant variables influencing smallholder farmers’ access to credit in the study area. It was recommended that smallholder farmers should be given access to credit; credit policy and collateral security arrangements should be reviewed.

[Ibidapo, I.; Ogunsipe, M. H. and Oso, O. P. Factors Influencing Smallholder Farmers Access to Credit in Ondo State, Nigeria. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):71-78]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 11. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.11.

Keywords: Access, Informal credit, Smallholder farmers, Ondo State

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Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis, Vector density and associated risks in Dangur District of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia

¹Asmamaw Aki Jano and ²Kebede Guremessa

Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box: 326, Asossa, Ethiopia; email address: asmamawaki@gmail.com; Telephone: +251922232353

Abstract: Cross - sectional study was conducted in Dangur district of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State between March and June, 2017 to determine the prevalence of cattle trypanosomosis, the prevailing species of trypanosomes and to identify associated risks. Parasitological (buffy coat technique) and haematological (measuring packed cell volume) procedures were employed to analyze the blood samples collected from (n=382) randomly selected cattle (Bos indicus). The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was 87(22.77%). The infection was mainly caused by T. congolense 68 (78.16%), T.vivax 12 (13.79%), T.brucei 2(2.29%) and mixed infection of T. Congolense and T. vivax 3(3.44%) and T. Congolense and T.brucei 2(2.29%). The variation in prevalence was statistically significant (chi2=316.44, p<0.000). The mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of infected animals was statistically significantly (p <0.000) lower (21.59%) than that of non-infected animals (30.4%). The prevalence showed no significant difference in susceptibility among study sites, between sex categories, age groups and body conditions. During the survey, Glossina tachinoides was found in the area (6.06 f/t/d) along with other mechanical vectors such as stomoxys (4.15 f/t/d), haematopota 0.93 f/t/d) and tabanid (1.36f/t/d). The study revealed that trypanosomosis is an important disease of cattle in the study area signifying the need to devise control strategies towards the diseases to alleviate its adverse impact.

[Asmamaw Aki Jano and Kebede Guremessa. Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis, Vector density and associated risks in Dangur District of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):79-85]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 12. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.12.

Key words: Cattle, Dangur, PCV, Prevalence, Risk factor, Trypanosome, Trypanosomosis

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Creativity influenced by management, not by facilities

Dr. Mohsen Rasoulian¹, Morteza Kheirkhah²

¹Islamic Azad University, Naragh Branch m_rsl@yahoo.com

²Islamic Azad University, Naragh Branch Mkh809@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study is a descriptive and analytical study that aims to compare the factors effecting creativity in public and private organizations. This study was conducted with 34,350 people in 1,100 public and private organizations in Iran. During this study, we collected information through 346 questionnaires within several public and private organizations. Ratings for 30 questions was scored on a five-point Likert scale, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.94 was used to measure the reliability and internal consistency of the research. To analyze the assumptions, inferential statistics (t independent, correlation coefficient, Kendall, Pearson, Friedman test) were used. The finding shows that employees found ‘management’, ‘individual staff characteristics’ and ‘corporate culture’ the most important factors that influenced the creativity of staff in both public and private organizations. Government agencies have similarly found creativity alongside basic education effective in building staff, organizational structure, laboratory and other facilities. In the private sector, three factors were mentioned, ‘basic and professional education’ and ‘laboratory facility’ respectively, which more greatly influenced employee creativity. The study also found a correlation between organizational structure, management, organizational culture, creativity and personal characteristics within both types of organizations. The study also found the effect of basic and vocational education was more pronounced in the incidence of creativity in private organizations than public. Lab facilities where creativity was stressed found productivity increased by 94 percent.

[Mohsen Rasoulian, Morteza Kheirkhah. Creativity influenced by management, not by facilities. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):86-93]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 13. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.13.

Keywords: Creativity, organizational structure, management, personal characteristics, organizational culture

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The New Prime theorem（14）

Chun-Xuan Jiang

P. O. Box 3924, Beijing 100854, P. R. China

jiangchunxuan@vip.sohu.com

Abstract: Using Jiang function we prove that there exist infinitely many primes  such that each of  is a prime.

[Chun-Xuan Jiang. The New Prime theorem（14）. Rep Opinion 2017;9(3):94-96]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 14. doi:10.7537/marsroj090317.14.

Keywords: prime; theorem; function; number; new

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