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Knowledge and Practice of Occupational Safety among Healthcare Workers in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt

Nwankwo, G. A.¹, Agu, B. N.¹, Benjamin, S. E.¹, Gbaduo, C. C.¹, Asuzu, N. C.¹, Eriteta, E. O., Ugochukwu, F. B. ¹, Aluwuo, N. J.¹, Okafor, F. O. ¹ & Okonko, I. O.²

¹Department of Public Health, Madonna University Nigeria, Elele Rivers State, Nigeria

²Virus & Genomics Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3053-253X, E-mail address: iheanyi.okonko@uniport.edu.ng; Tel: +2347069697309

Correspondence Author: Dr. Nwankwo, G.A., Department of Public Health, Madonna University Nigeria, Elele Rivers State, Nigeria. Email: nwankwogracey@gmail.com

Abstract: The study set out to ascertain the level of knowledge regarding workplace safety protocols among the medical personnel at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Descriptive surveys were employed as the study's research design. Five specific objectives, along with the five related research questions and hypotheses, guided the study. Five hundred and thirteen medical professionals who worked at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, made up the study's sample. As a guideline, 140 healthcare professionals were chosen for the sample, accounting for 20% of the total number of healthcare professionals at Rivers State University Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt. An additional 10% was set aside for attrition. A self-developed, validated questionnaire with a 'TRUE' or ' FALSE' and 'YES’ or ‘NO’ format was employed. A reliability coefficient for test-retest correlation of 0.87 was attained. To address research issues, the data were subjected to descriptive statistics of frequency and percentage, and the Chi-square statistic was employed to test the hypotheses. The results showed that 83.2 per cent of respondents had a high level of knowledge overall, with statistically significant differences in knowledge levels between occupational categories and gender (p<0.05). Men showed a little greater degree of knowledge than women (85.2% vs. 81.8%). Physicians, nurses, medical laboratory scientists, and pharmacists demonstrated exceptionally high levels of knowledge among job categories; radiographers, physiotherapists, and other professionals demonstrated lower levels of knowledge. Based on age, highest qualification, and years of work experience, no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found. Further evidence of a high degree of practice was provided by the findings, which showed an average percentage of 85%. The extent of practice results was high across a range of demographic characteristics. Men showed a marginally lesser level of practice (80.6% vs. 88.4%) than did women. Compared to other professional groups, radiographers and physiotherapists showed lower levels of practice. The aforementioned discovery underscores the necessity of additional assessment and execution of ergonomic protocols to guarantee the security and welfare of healthcare personnel. It also underscores the significance of focused occupational safety training and education for healthcare practitioners in general, with a particular focus on the demands and obstacles unique to their respective jobs.

[Nwankwo, G. A., Agu, B. N., Benjamin, S. E., Gbaduo, C. C., Asuzu, N. C., Eriteta, E. O., Ugochukwu, F. B., Aluwuo, N. J., Okafor, F. O. & Okonko, I. O. Knowledge and Practice of Occupational Safety among Healthcare Workers in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt. Rep Opinion 2023;15(12):1-8]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 01. doi:10.7537/marsroj151223.01.

Keywords: Occupational Safety, Healthcare Workers (HCWs), Knowledge, Practice, Nigeria

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Coherence Length of Electron in Metals and Linear Stain based on Heisenberg Approximation using Free Electron Theory

G.E. Adesakin¹, T.H. Akande¹, O.G. Edema², O. O. Olusola³, F.O. Ogunlana³, O.A. Fasiku¹, O.D. Afe¹, Agbetuyi Oluranti Adegoke¹ and Faruq Oyediran¹

¹Department of Physics, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

²Department of Physical Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria

³Department of Physics, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, Ikere Ekiti, Nigeria

G-mail of corresponding author: adesakingbenga@gmail.com

Abstract: The goal of this paper is to develop a general formulation for coherence length of electron in metal based on Heisenberg approximation using free electron theory. This study was carried out to evaluate the behaviour of coherence length of electron under strain and electron density parameter. The result obtained agree quite well with theoretically obtained experimental value. The Poisson ratio is taking into consideration during the computation. There is high concentration of electron coherence length in the region of high density limit than the low density limit. The high electronic concentration of electron coherence length in metals in the region of high density limit is due to an increase in Fermi surface of metals in the region. The electron coherence length of metal increases as the electron density parameter increases. These seems to suggest that the electron coherence length of metal relied on the cohesive and repulsive forces of electron structure of atoms and mobility of conduction electron.  The electron coherence length in metals increases as the strain increases for all the metals whose electron coherence length is computed and studied due to the deviation in the electron propagation factor from their equilibrium position when strain is applied.

[G.E. Adesakin, T.H. Akande, O.G. Edema, O. O. Olusola, F.O. Ogunlana, O.A. Fasiku, O.D. Afe, Agbetuyi Oluranti Adegoke and Faruq Oyediran. Coherence Length of Electron in Metals and Linear Stain based on Heisenberg Approximation using Free Electron Theory. Rep Opinion 2023;15(12):9-16]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 02. doi:10.7537/marsroj151223.02.

Keywords: Coherence Length, Heisenberg approximation, Strain, Free Electron Approximation, poison ratio, superconductor, electronic concentration

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Early outcome of minimally invasive aortic valve replacement through mini sternotomy and mini thoracotomy versus conventional approach

Ahmed Nabil Khallaf, MD.

Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt

Email: ankhallaf@gmail.com

Abstract: Minimally invasive techniques are gaining more interest, in an attempt to cope with the advances made with the trans catheter interventions, especially those involving the aortic valve. Mini sternotomy and thoracotomy for aortic valve replacement are becoming effective and more cosmetic substitutes to the standard full sternotomy. Aim of work: The aim of this study is to compare early morbidity and mortality after aortic valve surgeries using minimally invasive approaches through mini sternotomy and right anterior thoracotomy, and conventional full median sternotomy approach. Patients and Methods: A prospective study conducted between August 2014 and August 2016 including 60 patients who were candidates for isolated aortic valve replacement through 3 surgical approaches, the conventional full median sternotomy versus mini sternotomy and right anterior mini thoracotomy, 20 patients for each approach, organized in 3 groups, A: conventional, B: ministernotomy, C: minithoracotomy. Inclusion criteria: Patients with rheumatic or degenerative chronic isolated aortic valve disease, Age: 20-70 years old, scheduled for elective isolated aortic valve replacement, with LV function more than 40 %, with no other comorbidities , and Body mass index less than 30. Results: The mean age was 43.7 years. The study included 31 males & 29 females. The mean cross clamp time for group A, B and C was 50.4, 66.9 and 95.7 minutes respectively. The mean bypass time for group A, B and C was 80.8, 95, and 125.3 minutes respectively. The mean post-operative mechanical ventilation time for group A, B and C was 8.7, 7.7 and 8.3 hours respectively. The percentage of patients requiring inotropic support post- operatively for group A, B & C was 55%, 45% and 50% respectively. The mean ICU stay for group A, B and C was 2.95, 2.8, 2.85 days respectively. The mean in-hospital stay for group A, B and C was 9.95, 8.65, 9.55 days respectively. The percentage of patients suffering from wound infection post- operatively for group A was 10% and 5% for group B & C. There was only one early mortality in a patient treated by conventional method (group A). Conclusion: Data analysis confirmed that ministernotomy and right anterior minithoracotomy did not endanger the quality of the procedure, and that these techniques are safe, effective and reproducible therapeutic options that can be compared with conventional treatment.

[Ahmed Nabil Khallaf. Early outcome of minimally invasive aortic valve replacement through mini sternotomy and mini thoracotomy versus conventional approach. Rep Opinion 2023;15(12):16-25]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 03. doi:10.7537/marsroj151223.03

Key words: Aortic valve replacement, Minimally invasive , Ministernotomy, Minithoracotomy

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Agronomic and Yield Performances of Cucumber [Cucumis sativus] on Soil Amended with Different Rates of Cattle Manure in Derived Savannah Agroecological Zone of Ondo State, Nigeria

Eleduma, Ajayi Festus

Department of Agricultural Technology, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, P. M. B. 1019, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria

*eledumafestus@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: Most soils have experience nutrient depletion as a result of long-term farming, making good yields only possible with the application of fertilizers. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to create a total of fifteen (15) plots in the study, which was conducted at the Rufus Giwa Polytechnic's Teaching Research and Commercial Farms in Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. The study examined the impact of various rates of cattle manure on cucumber. The results revealed that the performance of cucumbers was significantly impacted by an increase in the rate of cattle manure, with 15 tha-1 of cattle manure producing the best results in terms of growth and yield (3.45cm, 73.46cm, 171.22cm2, 16.83, 9.83cm, 21.89cm, 17.19cm, and 5.14kg as stem girth, vine length, leaf area, number of leaves, number of fruits, fruit weight and fruit circumference) and the lowest from control. According to the study, applying cattle manure in the study area at a rate of 15 tha^-1 considerably improves cucumber growth and yieldt. In order to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and eliminate the need to apply inorganic fertilizer, farmers in the research area are advised to amend their soils with 15 tha-1 cattle dung.

[Ahmed Nabil Khallaf. Early outcome of minimally invasive aortic valve replacement through mini sternotomy and mini thoracotomy versus conventional approach. Rep Opinion 2023;15(12):26-31]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print);ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 04. doi:10.7537/marsroj151223.04.

Keywords: amend, cattle manure, cucumber, inorganic fertilizer, substitute

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Reviewed Basics of North East Monsoon Time Scale

Gangadhar

H.No.5-30-4/1, Saibabanagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, India-500055

Email:  gangadhar19582058@gmail.com

Abstract:  There are many mysteries and unsolved issues in the monsoonal climate and Weather systems that cannot explain and solve. I proposed and designed the Basics of Monsoon Time Scales for all world global, regional, local monsoon systems along with countries for unraveling the mysteries of climate, weather, monsoons; studying the characteristics of mechanism of climate, weather and monsoons and exercising the benefits of mankind and development of monsoonal climate and weather sciences.  According to the researches and studies on the Monsoon Time Scales, it is known that there will be major global climate changes in the coming years "i.e"  heavy rains, floods and storms etc. will occur until about 2075 and there will be droughts and famines etc. until about 2150. Through the establishment of Monsoon Time Scales, we can know the future consequences of the climate changes. Plans can be made accordingly. So, scientists can establish the Monsoon Time Scale and predict what is going to happen in the monsoonal climate in the coming years roughly. I call on the world scientists to design and establish the Monsoon Time Scales following the Basics of Monsoon Time Scales outlined below, based on the India Monsoon Time Scale which is successfully proved out in practice. North East monsoon is a key system in  global monsoon systems. I have conducted many scientific researches on this monsoon system  and as a part these researches, I proposed and designed the Basics of North East Monsoon Time Scale  which can help to study the past, present and future conditions of the North East monsoon. In the current year 2022, the pre-path of Indian summer monsoon was traveling upwards and reached to the 29th June. Below this, the main-path of Indian summer monsoon also traveled upwards parallel to the pre-path of Indian summer monsoon with a difference of about 30 days and reached to the 29th July, As it moves further up, changes in the climate are likely increasing and there are more chances of heavy rains and floods in the coming years  

[Gangadhar. Reviewed Basics of North East Monsoon Time Scale. Rep Opinion 2023;15(12):32-71]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 05. doi:10.7537/marsroj151223.05.

Keywords:   Global Monsoons Time Scales, North American Monsoon Time Scale, North African Monsoon Time Scale, Indian Monsoons Time Scale, East Asian Monsoon Time Scale, Western North Pacific Monsoon Time Scale, South American Monsoon Time Scale, South African Monsoon Time Scale, Australian Monsoon Time Scale, European Monsoon Time Scale.

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