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A COST EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR MASS MULTIPLICATION OF HILL BAMBOO (ARUNDINARIA FALCATA NEES)

Meena Bakshi and Sajad Razvi and Chandrakant Tiwari

Plant Physiology Discipline, Botany Division, Forest Research Institute, New Forest-Dehradun (India)

1. Dr. Meena Bakshi- Senior Scientist in Forest Research Institute (ICFRE), Dehra Dun (UK) 248006 India- Working for the last 29 years in tree improvement and biotechnology

2. Sajad Razvi – Junior Research Fellow, FRI

3. Chandrakant Tiwari- Junior Research Fellow, FRI

Tel 0091/0135/2224410; Mob: 919897350012; bakshim@icfre.org

Abstract: In recent years, there has been a heavy demand for bamboo planting stocks impelled by the significant thrust in the bamboo sector. Non-availability of sufficient quantity of saplings is a major problem. Hill bamboo commercially known as Ringal is an important commodity for the communities of people residing in hills. Due to ruthless and unscientific extraction of this commodity for vide variety of uses by the hilly people compounded with gregarious flowering, this vocation is dividing fast from the nature. Hence replanting on large scale is essentially required to conserve the species. For mass production of planting material of Ringal, a macro-proliferation technique has been developed for Arundinaria falcata (Gol Ringal), a socio-economically important Ringal species for rural people. Six to eight fold increase in field plantable saplings can be generated continuously for innumerable period of time through this technology which is simple, cost effective and farmer's friendly.

[Meena Bakshi;Sajad Razv; Chandrakant. A COST EFFECTIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR MASS MULTIPLICATION OF HILL BAMBOO (ARUNDINARIA FALCATA NEES). Researcher 2012;4(10):1-3]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.01

Key words: Arundinaria falcata, Propagation, Macroproliferation

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Relationship between Manufacturer Product Strategies and Supply Chain Inventory in a Company

Jafari Ali¹, Rasouli Dizaji Mohammad ², Komari Alaie Mohammad Reza ³

1. Department of Management & accounting , Faculty of Human Science, Islamic Azad University, Bonab Branch, Bonab, Iran.

2. Department of Management & accounting , Faculty of Human Science, Islamic Azad University, Bonab Branch, Bonab, Iran.

3. Department of Management, Hacettepe University, 06800Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to review the relationship between manufacturer product strategies with supply chain inventory a Iran Company. For this purpose the relationship between manufacturer product strategies with hierarchical structure and flexibility manufacturing strategies with supply chain inventory were investigated. This study is of applied and survey type. The statistical society used in this research include, marketing managers, production and financial managers and industry engineers that work in Company. The number of mangers mentioned above is 25 that were chosen as our statistical society. The capacity of sample statistic is equal of 20 that, is selected by class accidental sampling. The methods of gathering of information in this research is questionnaire. Also designed on the basis of 5 selection Likert scale. The Crombach was equal a=0.855 and it has enough credit. In this research the relationship between manufacturer product strategies and supply chain inventory collection from among the scholars in different parts of the industry who are working in production management, financial management, industrial management and marketing departments of different firms and the case sample comprised warehouse suppliers' chain of the firms. The hypotheses of this research are analysed by Chi-square test and variance analysis (ANOVA) of statistic exam. The results of research show that there is no relationship between the manufacturer product strategies and hierarchical structure but there is a relationship between supply chain inventory and hierarchical structure. Similarly, there is a relationship between flexible manufacturing strategies and supply chain inventory.

[Jafari Ali, Rasouli Dizaji Mohammad, Komari Alaie Mohammad Reza. Relationship between Manufacturer Product Strategies and Supply Chain Inventory in a Company. Researcher 2012;4(10):4-12].(ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.02

Key words: Manufacturer Product Strategy, Flexibility manufacturing strategy, Cost leadership strategy, Supply chain Inventory, Supply chain inventory management

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Investigation and circumstance factors affecting the formation of social identity in the high school students: a case study in Aligoudarz, Iran

Mahmood Shahsavari

Department of Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697,Tehran, Irar

mahmoudshahsavary@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the formation of social identity in the high school students of three dimensions includes: religious, familial, and national. The main hypotheses of this research are: gender, economic-social bases, degree of satisfaction of own, internalization of values, and coordination in group values, which is effective on students' social identity. This study carried out with a survey method, and uses the questionnaire to collect data. The statistical population was all first, second and third-grade students’ high school. The sample size was 375 people (190 male students, and 185 female students). Sampling method was stratification, that the samples were selected randomly of the study’ field includes: public, humanities, empirical science, mathematics, professional and technical, and work and learning. Data analysis was performed with using t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multivariate analysis (multiple regressions). The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between the independent variables (degree of satisfaction of own, internalization of values, and coordination in group values) and dependent variable of social identity and its dimensions (religious, familial, and national). Means dependent variables increased by increasing independent variables. There was no significant relationship economic-social bases and social identity, but had an inverse significant relationship with national dimension; and had significant positive relationship with familial dimension. Means, whatever parental economic-social bases be higher, their national identity is weaker, and their family identity is stronger. In addition, there was no significant relationship between gender and social identity. But gender had a significant relationship with religious dimension; this means that girls had stronger religious identity compared with boys.

[Mahmood Shahsavari. Investigation and circumstance factors affecting the formation of social identity in the high school students: a case study in Aligoudarz, Iran. Researcher 2012;4(10):13-16]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.03

Keywords: Gender, economic, social, family, satisfaction, religious identity

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The Evaluation of Right Atrial Temporary Pacing for Preventing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: prospective observational study

Abbasi Tashnizi Mohammad, Moeinipour Ali Asghar, Mirzai Asadollah, Asadollah Jalal, Sadraee Javad, Sepehri Shamloo Alireza, Zirak Nahid, Khameneh Bagheri Ramin, Amouzeshi Ahmad

Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;

Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent (arrhythmia) complication following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). The present study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of temporary atrial pacing in the prevention of AF after off pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The patients who had first-time off-pump CABG were enrolled in the study. The exclusion criteria were that the patients had valve dysfunctions. The study group (n = 39) were paced electively and the control group (n = 40) were not paced, and both were monitored for 96 hours postoperative for the occurrence of AF. The end points of the study were occurrence of AF, death during postoperative period, and discharge from hospital. The data analyzed by t-test and chi-squared test for variables. A total of 120 patients enrolled in the study. Forty-one patients were excluded from the study because of intraoperative dysrhythmia, tachycardia or failure of pacing, so the final study subjects consist of 79 patients. AF occurred in 13 of 39 paced group (33.33%) and 13 of 40 non-paced group (32.5%). No statically significant difference in the proportion of patients developing atrial fibrillation was observed between the study and the control group for incidence of AF. Old age (P=0.007), history of myocardial infarction (P=0.001), systolic dysfunction (P=0.003), ejection fraction (P=0.022) and atrial enlargement (P=0.001) were identified as AF predictors. The result of this study shows that prophylactic right atrial pacing had no significant effect on reducing the incidence of AF following off-pump CABG.

[Abbasi Tashnizi Mohammad, Moeinipour Ali Asghar, Mirzai Asadollah, Asadollah Jalal, Sadraee Javad, Sepehri Shamloo Alireza, Zirak Nahid, Khameneh Bagheri Ramin, Amouzeshi Ahmad. The Evaluation of Right Atrial Temporary Pacing for Preventing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: prospective observational study. Researcher 2012;4(10):17-22]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.04

Key words: Atrial fibrillation; Coronary artery bypass grafting; Atrial pacing

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Survey of New Discovered Chalcolithic Sites in Northern Hillside of Alvand Mountains (Eastern Central Zagros Mountains)

Behzad Balmaki ¹, Kamal Aldin Niknami ²

1. Department of Archaeology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2. Department of Archaeology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

b.balmaki@srbiau.ac.ir, kniknami@ut.ac.ir

Abstract: 10 Chalcolithic sites were located during survey of Hamedan region which is important for reconstructing the settlement patterns in eastern Central Zagros Mountains (CZM). During this study it was observed that this area was very suitable for Chalcolithic settlements. The change occurred after the late Neolithic in the extensive valley of the Western CZM, were due to increasing the number of settlement in this region and most of the CZM was covered by small villages near the rivers/springs. Analysis of surface data assemblage from archaeological surveys in Hamedan suggests that we have 8000 years of continuous occupation in the Hamedan plain. In the middle chalcolithic, increased the sites are about 11% and in late chalcolithic about 27%. It seems that in all the settlements during chalcolithic from the Early to the late chalcolithic, the number of sites in the recognized vicinity have increased. This survey shows that these settlements had a very suitable place for pasture and agriculture and It seems climatic circumstances is better for chalcolithic settlement.

[Balmaki B, Niknami K.A. Survey of New Discovered Chalcolithic Sites in Northern Hillside of Alvand Mountains (Eastern Central Zagros Mountains). Researcher 2012;4(10):23-28]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.05

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The comparison of injuries in boys’ amateur epical athletes in three fields: Kyokushin ka, controlling Karate and Aikido

Dr. Ghofrani Mohsen¹, Mousavi Seyyed Hamed²

1. Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

2. MA in Sport Pathology and Corrective Exercises

Abstract: The aim of this purpose was to compare of the dangerous agents of injury in the three martial art fields: Karate, Kyokushin ka, Aikido. The present research is the lasting research that has been analyzed injuries in three last months. The samples of research include 90 Aikido players, 73 Kyokushin ka players, 70 Karate players (with mean and standard deviation age 15.9 ± 1.6 year, high 168.9 ± 6.3 cm, weight 58.5 ± 7.1 kg) from Shiraz clubs. The samples were selected availability and purposefully. The questionnaire of Destamp et al. (2006) was used to collect data and Χ² test was used to analyze data. The results showed injuries in Aikido was (56.3 percent), Kyokushin ka (24.1 percent) and in Karate (19.5 percent). There were sprain injuries in Karate (31.2 percent), strain injuries in Kyokushin ka (29.6 percent) and bruised injuries in Aikido (32.3 percent). The injuries of lower organs were more than other organs in all three fields, in Aikido (68.4 percent), Kyokushin ka (34.9 percent) and Karate (41.3 percent). Also, the partners’ technical error in Karate (30.3 percent), Kyokushin ka (23.7 percent) and partners’ knockdown in Aikido (29.9 percent) were known as important mechanics of appearing injuries. Generally, few injuries in Karate (70.6 percent), Kyokushin ka (59.2 percent) and Aikido (60.5 percent) have been more than middle, violent, and very violent. The amount of injuries during exercise (80.6 percent) was significantly more than competition (19.4 percent) in all three fields. The measure of injuries of dominant side in Aikido (51.4 percent) and Karate (45.9 percent) were observed significantly further than non-dominant side position. However, there was not the significant difference in Kyokushin ka. Aikido is an encounter sport, nevertheless the control ways of Karate were done under the semi – encounter laws and it causes fewer injuries in this way.

[Ghofrani Mohsen, Mousavi Seyyed Hamed. The comparison of injuries in boys’ amateur epical athletes in three fields: Kyokushin ka, controlling Karate and Aikido. Researcher 2012;4(10):29-35]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.06

Key words: amateur epical athletes, Aikido, Karate, Kyokushin ka

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Numerical solution for pricing Asian option by using Block-Pulse functions

Maleknejad Khosrow ¹, Jahangiri Mohammad ²

1. Department of Mathematics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU)- Tehran , Iran.

2. Department of Mathematics, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU)- Tehran , Iran.

Abstract: The valuation of path dependent Asian contingent claims is a difficult matter in mathematical finance. Only in some simple cases the no-arbitrage price of a path dependent contingent claim is computed in closed form. The numerical methods for solving arising equations are limited. In this paper, we propose a new method based on Block- Pulse Functions QUOTE   their operational matrix and direct method. Furthermore, we obtain an estimation of the error bound for this method by projection operator and prove the method is convergent. Numerical examples demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of this approach.

[Maleknejad Khosrow, Jahangiri Mohammad. Numerical solution for pricing Asian option by using Block-Pulse functions. Researcher 2012;4(10):36-46]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.07

Keywords: Black-Scholes equation, Block Pulse Functions, Partial differential equation, Asian option dependent problem, Exotic financial derivatives.

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Main regularities in changing the saline composition of the subsoil water in connection with degradation of the irrigated lands

 Shukhrat Odilovich Muradov

Karshi Economic Engineering Institute, Uzbekistan

m.oikos@rambler.ru

Abstract: On base of the statistical analysis of perennial hydro chemical data and analysis metamorphization of chemical composition of subsoil water (SW) in the south of Uzbekistan (1960 - 2009 years) are revealed main regularities. It is given forecast of the changes of the chemical composition of subsoil waters in connection with degradation of the soil. For the first time, there was a motivated possibility of the appearance of sodium salination in the south Uzbekistan.

[Shukhrat Odilovich Muradov. Main regularities in changing the saline composition of the subsoil water in connection with degradation of the irrigated lands. Researcher 2012;4(10):47-52]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.08

Keywords: arid; subsoil waters; irrigation; salination and desalination of the soil; metamorphization; hydro chemistry; hypothetical; the regression; the approximation.

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The Evaluation of Right Atrial Temporary Pacing for Preventing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: prospective observational study

Abbasi Tashnizi Mohammad ¹, Moeinipour Ali Asghar ², Mirzai Asadollah³, Asadollah Jalal ⁴, Sadraee Javad ⁵, Sepehri Shamloo Alireza⁶, Zirak Nahid⁷, Khameneh Bagheri Ramin⁸, Amouzeshi Ahmad⁹

1. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

3. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

4. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

5. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

6. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

7. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

8. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

9. Department of Cardiac Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent (arrhythmia) complication following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). The present study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of temporary atrial pacing in the prevention of AF after off pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The patients who had first-time off-pump CABG were enrolled in the study. The exclusion criteria were that the patients had valve dysfunctions. The study group (n = 39) were paced electively and the control group (n = 40) were not paced, and both were monitored for 96 hours postoperative for the occurrence of AF. The end points of the study were occurrence of AF, death during postoperative period, and discharge from hospital. The data analyzed by t-test and chi-squared test for variables. A total of 120 patients enrolled in the study. Forty-one patients were excluded from the study because of intraoperative dysrhythmia, tachycardia or failure of pacing, so the final study subjects consist of 79 patients. AF occurred in 13 of 39 paced group (33.33%) and 13 of 40 non-paced group (32.5%). No statically significant difference in the proportion of patients developing atrial fibrillation was observed between the study and the control group for incidence of AF. Old age (P=0.007), history of myocardial infarction (P=0.001), systolic dysfunction (P=0.003), ejection fraction (P=0.022) and atrial enlargement (P=0.001) were identified as AF predictors. The result of this study shows that prophylactic right atrial pacing had no significant effect on reducing the incidence of AF following off-pump CABG.

[Abbasi Tashnizi Mohammad, Moeinipour Ali Asghar, Mirzai Asadollah, Asadollah Jalal, Sadraee Javad, Sepehri Shamloo Alirez, Zirak Nahid, Khameneh Bagheri Ramin, Amouzeshi Ahmad. The Evaluation of Right Atrial Temporary Pacing for Preventing Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: prospective observational study. Researcher 2012;4(10):53-57]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.09

Key words: Atrial fibrillation; Coronary artery bypass grafting; Atrial pacing

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The effect of aerobic exercise on IL6, CRP and TNFa concentration in elderly men

Besharati Ali ¹, Dr. Mousavi Sadati Seyed Kazem ², Ahadi Mehran ³, Salehian Mir Hamid ⁴

1. Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

2. Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Tehran Shargh branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3. Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, Tehran Shargh branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

4. Department of Physical Education, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Mh_salehian@yahoo.com

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to study the effect of an aerobic exercise on IL6, CRP and TNFa concentration in elderly men. For this object 30 volunteer elderly men (60-80 yrs) were voluntarily selected. They were divided into two different groups: control and experimental group. Experimental group participated in an 8-week course of aerobic exercises; 3 sessions a week for half an hour per session. Forty-eight hours before and after exercising, some blood samples were collected from the individuals to evaluate their CRP, TNFα and IL-6 factors. T-test was used to identify the differences between pre-test and post-test values. The results showed that TNFα factor changed significantly by doing the exercises, that is, the aerobic exercises affected TNFα factor. However, there was no significance difference between CRP levels before and after aerobic activities.

[Besharati Ali, Mousavi Sadati Seyed Kazem , Ahadi Mehran , Salehian Mir Hamid. The effect of aerobic exercise on IL6, CRP and TNFa concentration in elderly men. Researcher 2012;4(10):58-61]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.10

Keywords: aerobic exercise, Interlocin-6, C Reactive protein, Tumor Necrosis Alfa, elderly men

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Some aspects of chemical procedures & application trends of polyaniline as an intrinsically conductive polymer

Alireza Valipour¹, Peyman Najafi Moghaddam ², Bakhtiyar A. Mammedov ³

1. Technical institute of Urmia Shahid Beheshti faculty, Technical & Vocational University, Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran

2. Department chemistry, Science faculty, Urmia University, Urmia – Iran

3. Institute of polymer materials of AMEA

Abstract: Intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) have been studied extensively due to their intriguing electronic and redox properties and numerous potential applications. Polyaniline, its derivatives and composites has been recognized as ICPs. These polymers are attractive materials owing to good stabilities, easy synthesis, desirable conductivity; exhibits extraordinary electronic properties. Because of this; they finds a wide variety of applications such as electromagnetic, interference shielding, energy storage, catalysis, chemical sensing, biochemistry, smart clothing, corrosion devices and microwave absorption industries. However, it is inherently brittle and poor in processability; To improve these restrictions and extend it functions, the fabrication of it advanced composites has attracted a great deal of attention & various procedures have been adapted. The scaled–up assays in this area, offers a wide scope of scattered literatures frequently utilized for “experts in the field”. Assembling this ill–matched data was the main purpose our ventures in this article. Scince; Assays, gaps, particular themes in other papers overall assessed; aligned in this review article & outlined in sub–topics such as fundamental concepts, engaging procedures, improvement methods and application trends for emerge literature approvable in advanced science & educational journals.

[Alireza Valipour, Peyman Najafi Moghaddam , Bakhtiyar A. Mammedov. Some aspects of chemical procedures & application trends of polyaniline as an intrinsically conductive polymer. Researcher 2012;4(10):62-75]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.11

Keywords: polyaniline, inherently conductive polymers, doping, processability, composites.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A WOMAN’S POSITION DURING LABOR AND THE LEVEL OF FEELING PAIN IN THE ACTIVE PHASE OF LABOR

Dousti Rana

Department of midwifery of Urmia University - Midwifery - Orumieh - Iran-

Abstract: Many pregnant women worry about labor pain and they are mostly willing to perform cesarean delivery. Nowadays many pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods are used to reduce labor pain. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of changing a woman’s position in the active phase of labor on the level of feeling pain during the delivery. This clinical trial was performed on 400 pregnant women in the active phase of labor who were selected according to the purposive sampling method. Samples were asked to fill out the questionnaire and personal questions, after that they placed in a sitting position and then after 15 minutes they changed their position and placed in a supine position. Changing the position iterated every 15 minutes and the level of pain in lower back and abdomen were determined by a pain ruler and finally the results were recorded. Data were analyzed through independent T-test and Chi-square.The majority of women who were in sitting position had lower abdominal pain rather than who were in supine position and changing the position from sitting to supine intensified the pain more than before. There is a significant relationship between a woman’s position during labor and the level of feeling pain in lower back and abdomen in the active phase of labor (p=0/000). Sitting position can reduce lower back pain and also lower abdominal pain; it can also change the level of severe pain into the moderate one and the level of moderate pain into the mild one in the active phase of labor.

[Dousti Rana. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A WOMAN’S POSITION DURING LABOR AND THE LEVEL OF FEELING PAIN IN THE ACTIVE PHASE OF LABOR. Researcher 2012;4(10):76-80]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.12

Keywords: Sitting Position; Supine Position; Labor Pain

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The phenomenon of Information Technology and Enterprise Architecture of Electronics City

Zeynali Azim Ali^1*, Behnoud Elnaz ²

^1. Department of Architecture, Sardroud Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sardroud, Iran

^2.Department of Architecture, Sardroud Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sardroud, Iran

E-mail: al.zeynaly@gmail.com

Abstract: Today, information technology as an emerging phenomenon has a special place in the world. Expansion of information and communication technology causes changes in many different fields, including the electronic city, municipalities and citizens. Electronic city and municipality require basic enterprise architecture. Enterprise Architecture is designed as a process based on the optimal architecture of electronics city. In order to develop electronic city, we should use enterprise architecture maturity. Therefore, one of the important needs of organizations is the choice of activities according to the existing constraints. The studies show that there is a close relation between information technology, enterprise architecture and the electronic city. The purpose of this research is to explain the concept of information technology, enterprise architecture and electronics city and what relationship they have with together. Do information technology, enterprise architecture and electronic city require each other?

[Zeynali Azim Ali, Behnoud Elnaz. The phenomenon of Information Technology and Enterprise Architecture of Electronics City. Researcher 2012;4(10):81-88]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.13

Keywords: Information Technology, Enterprise Architecture, Electronics City, Enterprise Architecture Maturity Model

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The role of emotional intelligence training on social and academic compatibility high school students 2011-2012

Nehmat Mraleshi

Iranian academy of Masters Psychology

Nehmatmaleshi33@yahoo.com

Abstract: Emotional intelligence (EI) has attracted great interest in the field of education as avehicle to improve the socioemotional development of students. The objective ofthis study is the The role of emotional intelligence training on social and academic compatibility high school students of Ilam province 2011-2012.The study was a quasi-experimental pre-post design involves two groups of Ilam is a high school student (198). The experimental group was exposed to eight days on an hour to an hour and half sessions of emotional intelligence training, while the control group was only given pre-post questionnaires. ANCOVA analysis results among the groups showed that the training program was effective in significantly raising the level of emotional intelligence, but the improvements of social and academic compatibility were not significant. Overall, female and elder students showed better scores of all dependent variables than their younger counterparts, but the results were not significant for social and academic compatibility. It was recommended that emotional intelligence training should be used as adjunct strategy to improve student social and academic compatibility among adolescents and adult students.

[Nehmat Mraleshi. The role of emotional intelligence training on social and academic compatibility high school students 2011-2012. Researcher 2012;4(10):89-93]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 14

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.14

Key words: Emotional Intelligence, Social and Academic, compatibility, high school students

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Existentialism and Present Educational Scenario

G. M. Malik, Rukhsana Akhter

Professor, Department of Education, University of Kashmir

Ph.D., Research Scholar, Department of Education, University of Kashmir

E-Mail: showkat80ahmad@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: This contemporary world is characterized by uncertainty and problematic future; which can be considered as a time when alienation and anxiety will be fostered through crisis; produced as the result of the demise of various modernistic meta-narratives. Existentialism provides five qualitative indicators which include: that through education one should come to know and identify oneself; that one should become aware of one's freedom including the meaning of one's personal freedom; that one should live life purposefully, meaning that one should be passionately committed to these; and that one should have a critical attitude to both the meaning of one's life and one' s identity. If these five indicators are present, it is argued that learners participating in such programmes will be able to live well in this era of uncertainty. For conducting this study, philosophical and historical methods were employed. The primary and secondary sources related to educational philosophy of existentialism were evaluated after detailed analysis. The general philosophical tools used for the study are induction, deduction, dialectical analysis and synthesis.

[G. M. Malik, Rukhsana Akhter. Existentialism and Present Educational Scenario. Researcher 2012;4(10):94-97]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 15

doi:10.7537/marsrsj041012.15

Key Words: Existentialism, personal identity, uncertainty, crises, problematic, contemporary world

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