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Bearing Capacity of Soft Clay Soil Improved By Sand Bed Over Geosynthetic Encased Stone Columns, Case of Study

Ahmed Abdelaziz Megally¹, Ebraheem H. Ramadan², Mostafa A. Abdel-Naiem² and Abdel-Aziz A. Senoon²

¹Assistant Lecturer, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Egypt

E-mail: aabdelaziz122@gmail.com 

 ²Professors, Faculty of Engineering, Assiut University, Egypt

ABSTRACT: One of the biggest challenges faced by geotechnical engineers is the construction on soft clay soil. It is being one of the most erratic soils with very low bearing capacity and high compressibility. Many techniques, such as stone columns and geosynthetic reinforced sand bed, are effective means of performance improvement of foundations on soft clay soil. Although their individual applications have been studied extensively, the combined application of both has limited studies. Stone columns develop their load carrying capacity from the circumferential confinement provided by the surrounding soils. In very soft soils, an important problem which should be taken into account for designing stone column is bulging as the circumferential confinement offered by the surrounding soft soil may not be sufficient to develop the required load carrying capacity. Hence a confinement by geosynthetics would yield a better result and prevents squeezing of stones into the surrounding clay. The load carrying capacity is further increased and settlement is decreased with the addition of a sand bed over the stone columns, also this layer of sand is used to let the foundation distribute its load uniformly. In the current research, a series of numerical model tests for a case of study on an unreinforced sand bed (USB) and a geogrid reinforced sand bed (GRSB) placed over a vertically encased stone column (ESC) floating in soft clay. Soil samples were taken form Oncology Hospital 2020 site at Assiut University, Assiut City, Egypt and a laboratory tests were conducted at the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Laboratory on triaxial device and some other devices. Three dimensional finite difference numerical models were performed using a finite difference package FLAC3D. For all different improvement cases, the results indicate that the bearing capacity ratio, BCR, increases to reach 1.83, 2.58, 3.59 and 8.07 fold, as compared to unimproved clay bed, for the cases of ordinary stone column (OSC), (ESC), (USB+ESC) and (GRSB+ESC) respectively.

[Ahmed Abdelaziz Megally, Ebraheem H. Ramadan, Mostafa A. Abdel-Naiem and Abdel-Aziz A. Senoon. Bearing Capacity of Soft Clay Soil Improved By Sand Bed Over Geosynthetic Encased Stone Columns, Case of Study. World Rural Observ 2025;17(2):1-14]. ISSN: 1944-6543 (Print); ISSN: 1944-6551 (Online). http://www.sciencepub.net/rural. 01. doi:10.7537/marswro170225.01

Keywords: Soft clay; Ground improvement; Stone column; Geosynthetic; Sand Bed.

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