Welcome to send your manuscript to: sciencepub@gmail.com

No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

Abstract: By studying the economic effect of the maize Single Hybrid varieties (3444, 3084, 2055) under study on total factor productivity in Beheira Governorate, the research aims to compare the productive features of these varieties by studying the productive indicators and economic changes in total factor productivity, the rate of technological change, and the rate of technological growth, in order to know which variety is the best that achieves a positive effect on technological change and total factor productivity and contributes to bridging the production gap with high economic efficiency. A study of the future situation of the area, productivity, and production of maize yellow in Egypt and the Beheira Governorate during the period under study revealed that the productivity per feddan in Egypt is expected to decrease from 3.104 tons/fed. In 2025 to about 3.053 tons/fed. In 2029, this resulted in a decrease in the quantity of the crop produced from 2403.7 thousand tons in 2025 to about 2345.5 thousand tons in 2029. Therefore, the decrease in the quantity of the crop produced in Egypt is due to the decrease in the productivity per feddan of maize yellow. Therefore, it is expected that the quantity and value of maize imports will increase from 10.76 million tons, 88.98 billion EGP in 2024 to about 12.36 million tons, 166 billion EGP in 2029. This is due to the decrease in the quantity of the crop produced during the period 2025-2029 to bridge the gap between production and consumption in Egypt. As for the Beheira Governorate, the area of ​​ maize yellow crop is expected to increase from 151.2 thousand feddans in 2025 to about 192.8 thousand feddans in 2029, which will result in an increase in the quantity of crop production from 509.5 thousand tons in 2025 to about 648.3 thousand tons in 2029. Therefore, this increase in the quantity of maize production in Beheira is due to the increase in area and not productivity. A study of production and economic indicators revealed that the maize Single Hybrid variety 3444 in Beheira Governorate outperformed the maize Single Hybrid varieties 3084 and 2055 in productivity per feddan. This resulted in a higher profit margin per ton of 5641 Egyptian EGP. Therefore, this variety is characterized by high productivity in utilizing production inputs, yielding the best return on investment of approximately 0.59 EGP and the best profit margin per ton, reaching 37.1%, when farmers expand their cultivation in the research area of ​​Beheira Governorate. Based on the results of the total factor productivity analysis, it was shown that the maize Single Hybrid variety 3444 has economic importance and a positive impact on technological change of approximately 15.1% and 47.8%, respectively, compared to the maize Single Hybrid varieties 3084 and 2055. Furthermore, it led to an improvement in total factor productivity of approximately 15.1% and 44.8%, respectively, compared to the other varieties. With the two varieties mentioned above and with the continued cultivation of the single maize yellow variety 3444 in the future, a proposal or scenario was developed which, if implemented, would lead to an increase in the production of maize yellow in Beheira Governorate and Egypt and a reduction in the quantity of maize imports, as follows:  1) If maize farmers in Beheira Governorate expand their cultivation of the maize Single Hybrid variety 3444 in place of the maize Single Hybrid varieties 3084 and 2055, this will result in a 4.53% increase in the governorate's total maize production, which is expected to reach approximately 485.8 thousand tons during the 2024 production season. 2) A study of the effect of cultivating the maize Single Hybrid variety 3444 in place of the maize Single Hybrid varieties 3084 and 2055 on the average quantity of maize yellow imports, which amounted to 7.25 million tons during the period 2010-2023 across Egypt, will lead to an increase in the average production quantity of approximately 17.8%. This will result in a decrease in the quantity of imports of the crop of approximately 5.3%, leading to a reduction in the cost of importing maize yellow by approximately 5.3% compared to the average for the aforementioned period. The research recommends the following: 1) Higher-productivity maize yellow varieties, especially the maize Single Hybrid variety 3444, should be cultivated throughout Beheira Governorate area in place of the lower-productivity varieties to increase production and farmers' net income. 2) The Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation and its affiliated research centers should expand their efforts to develop Higher- productivity varieties of maize yellow, in line with the research findings. 3) The agricultural extension service and research centers should play a more active role in persuading farmers to adopt modern production methods by using the highest productive maize yellow varieties that have economic importance, a positive impact on technological change, and also lead to improvements in the total factors' productivity.

[Ramadan Ahmed Mohamed Hassn, Tamer Mohamed Abdelazez Adlan, Reda El -Sayed Mohamed Morsi. The economic effect of maize yellow varieties on total factors productivity in Beheira Governorate. World Rural Observation 2026;18(1):1-12]. ISSN: 1944-6543 (Print); ISSN: 1944-6551 (Online). http://www.sciencepub.net/rural. 01. doi:10.7537/marswro180126.01

Full Text

1

2

Microbial Control of Greenhouse Gases from Municipal Solid Waste Dumps: A Mitigating Principle in Environmental Sustainability.

Onianwah, F. I^1,2,3,  Amhanriamhen, R. I.^1,3, and Sowamina, M. N.¹

1. Department of Microbiology, Dennis Osadebay University, Asaba, Delta State.

2. Current Research and Innovations Group, Dennis Osadebay University, Asaba, Delta State.

3. Environmental Health Research Initiative, Dennis Osadebay University, Asaba, Delta State.

Corresponding Author: Onianwah, F. I

Tel: +234 8033126090

Email: ifeanyichukwu.onianwah@dou.edu.ng

ORCID ID:0000-0002-2048-5557

ABSTRACT: The impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission on global environmental sustainability is an issue of serious concern. This is because of the negative effects of these gases on the environment essentially on its contribution majorly to climate change. The aim of this study is to review the strategies, advantages, processes and current innovations of microbial interventions in waste management. Microorganisms are the best alternative to physicochemical methods of mitigating GHG. Methanotrophs, Phototrophs and some nitrogen fixing bacteria play critical role in this process by consuming GHS gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) as carbon and nitrogen source. Reduction of nitrous oxide by N₂O reductase leads to the production of ammonia which is not a GHG while nitrogen fixing bacteria such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter converts N₂O to nitrite and nitrate used by most microbes for protein synthesis. Carbon dioxide is utilized by phototrophs to carry out photosynthesis while methanotrophs such as Methylobacter sp., Methylococcus sp. and Methylocella sp utilized methane. Therefore, understanding intervention principles and potentially manipulating microbial processes offers a promising means for mitigating microbial greenhouse gas production, consequently, offering solution to climate change and global warming through targeted intervention at the municipal solid waste dumps. Traditional waste management methods of landfill and open dumping are not targeted at mitigating these emissions of GHGs, posing a serious challenge to efforts being made in environmental sustainability. Microbial control, involving the use of specific bacteria and archaea, plays a crucial role in regulating GHG emissions from MSW dumps by enhancing methane oxidation, promoting carbon sequestration, and facilitating bioconversion into less harmful compounds Despite advancements in landfill technology, the microbial processes that drive GHG production and potential mitigation remain underutilized and poorly managed. There is a pressing need to explore and optimize biological strategies, particularly those involving microorganisms, to reduce the environmental impact of waste dumps. The outcome of this study could influence policy decisions, inform landfill engineering designs, and support the development of green technologies that reduce methane and carbon dioxide emissions from municipal solid waste sites.

[Onianwah, F. I,  Amhanriamhen, R. I., and Sowamina, M. N. Microbial Control of Greenhouse Gases from Municipal Solid Waste Dumps: A Mitigating Principle in Environmental Sustainability. World Rural Observation 2026;18(1):13-19]. ISSN: 1944-6543 (Print); ISSN: 1944-6551 (Online). http://www.sciencepub.net/rural. 02. doi:10.7537/marswro180126.02

Full Text

2

3

Morphometric Analysis of the Sangzor River and Its Basin

Qosimov Nurmukhamad *, Gudalov Mirkomil **

*Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan.

**PhD Candidate, Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan.

morkomil1978@mail.ru, qosimovnurmuxamad1@gmail.com

Abstract: This study investigates the morphometric characteristics of the Sangzor River and its basin located in the Jizzakh region of Uzbekistan. Key parameters such as river length, sinuosity and density coefficients, slope, and other morphometric indicators have been determined. Additionally, the geographical location, boundaries, extremities, basin width and length, stream order, stream hierarchy, stream length, maximum and average elevation, symmetry, slope, and exposure of the Sangzor River basin have been analyzed using both traditional and modern methods. Studying these parameters of the river and its basin and drawing conclusions from them is of great importance for addressing future issues related to the sustainable use of the region’s natural resources.

[Qosimov Nurmukhamad, Gudalov Mirkomil. Morphometric Analysis of the Sangzor River and Its Basin. World Rural Observation 2026;18(1):20-25]. ISSN: 1944-6543 (Print); ISSN: 1944-6551 (Online). http://www.sciencepub.net/rural. 03. doi:10.7537/marswro180126.03

Keywords: morphometry; river; river basin; sinuosity; slope; exposure

Full Text

3

4

Soil urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities as affected by the integration of Organic and inorganic fertilizers under sweet potato cultivation

Owoseni PB^1, Ojebuola GD¹, Odanye OM¹, Adabanija  AJ¹, Femi-Ojamo FA¹, Adejoro SA^1*, Adeyemo AJ, Awodun MA¹, Ewulo BS¹

¹Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; *saadejoro@futa.edu.ng +234-8068866205

ABSTRACT: Declining soil fertility remains one of the major challenges limiting sustainable sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) production, especially in tropical regions. Fertilizer application, both through the soil and as foliar sprays, offers opportunities not only to improve crop yield but also to sustain soil biological processes. The field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station of the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Teaching and Research Farm, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo state Nigeria to establish the effects of soil and folia applied fertilizers on soil urease, acid and alkaline phosphatase under potato cultivation. The Experimental design was a Randomized Complete Block Design with nine (9) treatments which include, soil applied poultry manure and NPK, folia applied supergro and urea, their combinations and control. Data were collected on vegetative growth, yield components, soil enzyme activities (urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase), and soil chemical properties. The results showed that poultry manure and NPK significantly improved vine length and leaf number, while foliar-applied urea and SuperGro enhanced tuber yield. Enzyme activities were generally higher under organic and integrated treatments compared to sole inorganic applications, indicating improved microbial activity and nutrient cycling. Soil properties such as organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus were also enhanced under poultry manure and combined applications. The findings highlight that integrating soil and foliar fertilizers provides a more sustainable approach to sweet potato production than relying solely on inorganic inputs. Integrated nutrient management not only boosts crop yield but also enhances soil fertility and enzymatic activity, offering farmers a practical and environmentally sound strategy for long-term productivity.

[Owoseni PB, Ojebuola GD, Odanye OM, Adabanija  AJ, Femi-Ojamo FA, Adejoro SA, Adeyemo AJ, Awodun MA, Ewulo BS. World Rural Observation 2026;18(1):26-34]. ISSN: 1944-6543 (Print); ISSN: 1944-6551 (Online). http://www.sciencepub.net/rural. 04. doi:10.7537/marswro180126.04

Full Text

4