Welcome to send your manuscript to: sciencepub@gmail.com

No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

HBV Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Features of HIV-Infected Individuals attending University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital in Rivers State, Nigeria

¹Igweze-Ezepue N. E., ¹Cookey T. I., ²Okonko B. J., ³Awanye A. M., ³Ibezim C. N. E. & ¹Okonko I. O.

¹Virus & Genomics Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria.

tochi.cookey@uniport.edu.ng

²Medical Microbiology & Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, Madonna University Nigeria, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria.

³Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology & Biotechnology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a significant public health concern, particularly among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), due to shared transmission routes and the risk of accelerated liver disease. This study assessed the prevalence of HBV infection and its socio-demographic distribution among HIV-infected individuals attending the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Rivers State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed, enrolling 100 HIV-positive participants through consecutive sampling. Socio-demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire, while blood samples were obtained and analysed for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using the Monolisa ELISA kit (Bio-Rad, France). The overall prevalence of HBV/HIV coinfection was 9.0%, indicating that nearly one in ten HIV-infected individuals harboured dual infection. HBV infection was unevenly distributed across socio-demographic groups. Participants aged 41–60 years (12.5%) and 21–40 years (8.9%) showed higher prevalence compared to other age groups. Females exhibited a higher prevalence (12.1%) than males (4.8%), and married participants had slightly higher infection rates (12.2%) than singles (8.3%). Educational background influenced HBV prevalence, with the highest rate observed among tertiary-educated participants (15.0%). Occupational analysis revealed a higher prevalence among self-employed and unemployed individuals (11.1%), whereas employed participants had no recorded infection. Religious affiliation showed notable disparities, with Muslim participants (50.0%) and traditional religion practitioners (20.0%) exhibiting the highest rates. These findings highlight that HBV/HIV coinfection is present in a substantial proportion of the HIV-infected population at UPTH and is influenced by specific socio-demographic factors. The study underscores the importance of routine HBV screening, vaccination, and targeted health education, particularly for high-risk subgroups, to reduce liver-related morbidity and optimise clinical outcomes. Integration of HBV prevention and management strategies within HIV care programs is essential to mitigate the dual burden of these infections in Rivers State and similar settings.

[Igweze-Ezepue, N. E., Cookey, T. I., Okonko, B. J., Awanye, A. M., Ibezim, C. N. E. & Okonko, I. O. HBV Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Features of HIV-Infected Individuals attending University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital in Rivers State, Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2026;19(4):1-9]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 01. Doi: 10.7537/marsnys190426.01.

Keywords: Hepatitis B virus; HIV; coinfection; prevalence; socio-demographic factors; Nigeria; ELISA

Full Text

1

2

PREDICTING THE PREVALENCE OF MEASLES IN NIGERIA USING TIME SERIES APPROACH

¹ Oyejide O. T, ²Oladimeji O.A

Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Ondo State, Nigeria.

oluoyejide@fedpolel.edu.ng

Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Ondo State, Nigeria.

olaoladimeji@fedpolel.edu.ng

ABSTRACT: Measles is a highly contagious disease caused by a virus. It is an acute highly communicable viral illness that is characterized clinically by prodromal onset of fever and catarrhal symptoms (including coryza, cough and conjunctivitis) followed by a typical maculopapular rash. The study was carried out to predict the prevalence of measles in Nigeria for 2024 and 2025. The study population include confirm measles cases, measles immunization and deaths that occur due to measles in Nigeria. The data collected was analyzed in SPSS using ARIMA, Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). The results of this research also shows that measles prevalence in Nigeria is not progressing as there are still significant gaps in coverage of measles vaccine. The study shows that Measles vaccine is still very low to the number of children and the measles vaccine are only available for children age 12-59 months. The predictions for 2024 are 79 86 110 136 136 126 113 110 111 116 116 115 and 2025 are 112 110 109 109 108 107 106 105 104 103 102 101. The AIC and BIC output for measles cases: 2601.320 and 2613.199 respectively, The AIC and BIC output for number of deaths that occur due to measles cases: 141.037 and 142.492 respectively, The AIC and BIC output for MCV1 and MCV2 immunization; 61.877, 41.234 and 63.323, 40.062 respectively. Based on the analysis and conclusions drawn from the ARIMA modeling of measles prevalence in Nigeria, here are some few recommendations: There should be Implementation of ARIMA model developed in this analysis to generate reliable monthly forecasts of measles prevalence in Nigeria, there should be Implementation of ARIMA model developed in this analysis to generate reliable monthly forecasts of measles prevalence in Nigeria, there should be more public physical health campaigns and initiatives on Measles especially in rural areas.

[Oyejide O. T, Oladimeji O.A. PREDICTING THE PREVALENCE OF MEASLES IN NIGERIA USING TIME SERIES APPROACH. N Y Sci J 2026;19(4):10-17]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 02. Doi: 10.7537/marsnys190426.02

Keywords: Measles; ARIMA; Akaike Information Criterion (AIC); Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC); Forecast and immunization

Full Text

2

3

Assessment of Hygienic Practices, Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility profile of Staphylocoocus aureus Isolated from raw cow’s milk of Dairy farms and Its Public Health Importance in and around Banbasi Administrative town, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia

Esmail Seid and Asmamaw Aki*

Assosa, Regional Veterinary Diagnostic and Research Laboratory, P.O.Box 326, Email: asmamawaki@gmail.com, Cellphone: +251 902330029

ABSTRACT: Background: Staph.aureus is pathogenic bacterium contaminating milk and milk products causing food poisoning primarily due to its enterotoxins. Objectives: Across -sectional study was conducted from November 2024 to May 2025 in Banbasi town, to estimate prevalence, risk factors, public health significance and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of S.aureus from cow’s milk sampled at different sampling points. Methods:  A total of 384 samples; of which, 169 pooled milk samples from udder, 48 swab from milking buckets, 98 from milking container swab; and 69 from milkers’ hand swabs were collected. Isolation and Identification of S. aureus were carried out following standard microbiological techniques. Results: From a total of 384 samples examined, the overall prevalence of S.aureus was 77/384(20.05%). There was statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in isolation of S.aureus among isolates from different sources and risk factors (parity, age, body conditions, pregnancy status, milking hygiene, udder shape, and management factors). The study has showed a higher contamination of S.aureus from milking containers, followed by milkers’ hand swab, pooled milk samples and swab from milking buckets. 39 isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests for seven selected antibiotic discs. The isolates were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin (100%), followed by Chloramphenicol (89.74%). However, they were resistant to Penicillin (100%), Gentamycin (92.30% and Amoxicillin (84.61%), followed by Cefoxitin (64.10%) and Sulphonamide (56.41%). 53.84% of the isolates were developing multi-drug resistance. Lack of stringent regulation and monitoring in the dispensing and use of antimicrobials in the area might be contributed to the occurrence of high antimicrobial resistance to these drugs. Conclusions and Recommendations: An attempt was made to assess the milk handling practices and consumption behaviour of farmers and consumers but unsatisfactory result was recorded. Therefore, the study has revealed the possibility of public health risk posed by S.aureus in Banbasi town. Creation of public awareness about good milk handling practices, pasteurization or boiling of milk prior to consumption, rational use of drug, and periodic assessment of the antimicrobial sensitivity of drugs prior to use is recommended.

[Esmail Seid and Asmamaw Aki. Assessment of Hygienic Practices, Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility profile of Staphylocoocus aureus Isolated from raw cow’s milk of Dairy farms and Its Public Health Importance in and around Banbasi Administrative town, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia. N Y Sci J 2026;19(4):18-34]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 03. Doi: 10.7537/marsnys190426.03

Key words: Antimicrobial; Banbasi; Bovine; Cow; Milk; Prevalence; Public health; Staph; aureus

Full Text

3

4

My New Model Cosmology

Gangadhara Rao Irlapati

H.     No.5-30-4/1, Saibabanagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad - 500 055, Telangana,  India.

Email: gangadhar19582058@gmail.com

Abstract:  What is the photon?  According to the scientific evidence available to us and the available information of the past and present cosmology, the structure of a photon is not well understood. A photon is an elementary particle that is a quantum of the electromagnetic field, including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force. But according to my cosmology tomorrow's, photon the particle present in several forms of electromagnetic radiation is a gigantic universe exactly similar to atom and our universe. It has a marvelous structure and properties similar to galaxies, stars, and planets in the universe and electrons, protons and neutrons in the atoms.  That means, whatever structure and properties our universe and atoms have, photon also has the same structure as the universe and atoms. There are continents, oceans, countries, living creatures, governments, planes, trains, ships, motors, civilizations on some earth-like bodies with favorable conditions in the photon exactly similar to earth-like planets in our universe.  ♧ For the living creatures in the photon, in their view, their photon is a great universe, but they do not know that there are another gigantic universe exists above them in the ascending order that is atom and our universe and even on the earth-like bodies with favorable conditions in the universes of descending order that is yet not known to us.  This means photon is an enormous-mixed compound of some unknown bodies and their compounds behaves as a separate universe. I adduce several lines of evidence to support this point. Let's learn about the Photon-universe in detailed.

[Gangadhara Rao Irlapati. My New Model Cosmology. N Y Sci J 2026;19(4):35-91]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 04. Doi: 10.7537/marsnys190426.04

Key Words: Bioforecast (1965-70); A New Hypothetical Model of Cosmology (1970-77); Inquisition (1977-79); Basics of Geoscope (1980-87); Basics of Monsoon Time Scales (1987-91); Indian Monsoon Time Scale (1991); Researches on Earth and space related issues (1991-2000); Numerical Weather Periodic Tables2000-10); Designs of Geoscope projects (2010-20); Designs of Global Monsoon Time Scales (2020)

Full Text

4