No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

APPLICATION OF DEEP LEARNING FOR EFFICIENT INFORMATION HIDING IN IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY: A REVIEW

Banuso Doctor, Sarjiyus Omega, Bali Bulus

Department of Computer Science, Adamawa State University Mubi, Adamawa State-Nigeria

sajiyus@gmail.com

Abstract: Recent advancements in deep learning have significantly enhanced image steganography, enabling secure and efficient data hiding with superior capacity and robustness compared to traditional methods. This paper presents a comprehensive review of three dominant deep learning-based approaches: GAN-based (HiDDeN), autoencoder-based, and CNN-adaptive steganography. We evaluate their performance in terms of embedding capacity, imperceptibility, robustness to attacks, and computational efficiency, drawing insights from 25 empirical studies (2017–2024). Our analysis reveals that GANs achieve the highest payload capacity (up to 4 bpp) but suffer from training instability, while autoencoders prioritize visual quality (PSNR >38 dB) at the cost of limited capacity. CNN-adaptive methods strike a balance, dynamically adjusting payload allocation based on texture or semantic features, though they face efficiency challenges. Emerging trends, including hybrid architectures (e.g., GAN-autoencoder fusion) and lightweight mobile deployment, are pushing the field forward. However, critical gaps remain in real-world robustness, standardization, and ethical safeguards. This review provides a roadmap for future research, emphasizing the need for computationally efficient, explainable, and attack-resistant steganography solutions to meet evolving security demands.

[Banuso Doctor, Sarjiyus Omega, Bali Bulus. APPLICATION OF DEEP LEARNING FOR EFFICIENT INFORMATION HIDING IN IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY: A REVIEW. Rep Opinion 2025;17(8):1-9]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 01. doi:10.7537/marsroj170825.01

Keywords: Adaptive Payload; Adversarial Training; Autoencoder; Data Hiding; Deep Learning; Steganography; Steganalysis Resistance

Full Text

1

2

Basics of Germany Monsoon Time Scale: A review and revisit

Gangadhar

H.No.5-30-4/1, Saibabanagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, India-500055

Email:  gangadhar19582058@gmail.com

Abstract:  Monsoon means a periodic seasonal reversing winds patterns in atmospheric circulation accompanied by climate and weather changes according to the year-to-year changes of movement of the Earth on its axial tilt (obliquity) between approximately 22.1 and 24.5 degrees to its path and revolves around the Sun in accordance with the Milankovitch cycles. Therefore, not only the countries in the tropical and subtropical regions, but also those wind patterns blowing in the countries in the polar regions should be considered monsoons. I proposed and designed the Basics of Monsoon Time Scales for all global, regional, local monsoon systems along with every country of the world for unraveling the mysteries; studying the characteristics of dynamics mechanisms and exercising the benefits of mankind and development.  According to the researches and studies on the Monsoon Time Scales, it is come to know that there will be severe climate changes and natural calamities in the coming years "i.e"  heavy rains, floods and storms etc. will occur until about 2075 and there will be droughts and famines etc. until about 2150. Through the establishment of Monsoon Time Scales, we can know the future consequences of climate changes and natural calamities. Plans can be made accordingly. As a part of them, the Germany Monsoon Time Scale was proposed and designed by me in 1991 to study climate changes and natural calamities in advance. I call on world scientists to establish the Germany Monsoon Time Scale  following the Basics of Monsoon Time Scales outlined below, based on the India Monsoon Time Scale which is successfully proved out in practice and  break down the mysteries of the Germany  monsoon.  

[Gangadhar.    Basics of Germany Monsoon Time Scale: A review and revisit. Rep Opinion 2025;17(8):10-64]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 02. doi:10.7537/marsroj170825.02

Keywords:  Ecological Forecasting Time Scales (1965-70); A New Model of Cosmology (1970-80); Geoscope systems (1980-87); Global Monsoon Time Scales (1987-91); Astro-Climatic Nature Cyclic Pattern Periodic Tables (1991-2000); Designs of Geoscope systems (2000-2015); Designs of Global Monsoon Time Scales (2015-still)

Full Text

2

3

PLASMID PROFILING AND CURING ANALYSIS OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANT ISOLATES FROM NEONATAL BLOOD CULTURE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION

* M. A. Oyovwevotu, ** R.M. Mordi

* Department of Medical Microbiology Delta State University Teaching, Hospital Oghara; ** Department of Microbiology Western Delta University Oghara.

*Corresponding author: abedoyo@yahoo.com Phone No. 08039117093.

Abstracts: This study seeks to determine the plasmid DNA profile of multidrug resistantorganisms isolated from neonatal blood culture. The study design was prospective and specimens were collected in a specified order from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Neonates that were both in-born and out-born were used in this study.  Specimens were collected from three hundred babies out of four hundred babies that were admitted into the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of the Hospital between February and October, 2016. One milliliter of blood was aseptically inoculated into each blood culture bottle of brain heart infusion broth and thioglycollatebroth, they were  incubated aerobically at 37ºC for up to seven days, and examined daily for bacteria growth using turbidity, bubbles and gas productions as an indication of presence of bacteria. Samples were cultured on MacConkey, Chocolate and Blood agar. Clinical isolates were identified to species level using the protocol of Cowan and Steel method. Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing (AST) was done using dilution method described by Fleming. Mueller Hinton Broth (MHB) was used as the diluents. Clinical isolates were subjected to Plasmid DNA profiling and curing test was carried out on multidrug resistant using ZymoPURE Plasmid Miniprep. This was followed by a post Plasmid curing test using Sodium Deodecyl Sulphate (SDS). 0.8% Agarose gel electrophoresis was carried out to separate the Plasmid DNA using5µl ethidium bromate dye. Band were visualized using ultra violet (UV) illuminator. Isolates that were multi-resistant to antibiotics yielded one or more plasmids. Plasmids curing made isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumonia that were formerly resistant to become susceptible. These findings suggest that environmental factors and genetic make- up of bacteria are important determinants of organisms’ susceptibility pattern.

[M. A. Oyovwevotu, R.M. Mor.  PLASMID PROFILING AND CURING ANALYSIS OF MULTIDRUG RESISTANT ISOLATES FROM NEONATAL BLOOD CULTURE IN TERTIARY INSTITUTION. Rep Opinion 2025;17(8):65-71]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 03. doi:10.7537/marsroj170825.03

Key words: Plasmids; DNA; Exstraction Curing; Infection; Resistance; Isolates Antibiotics

Full Text

3

4

Indigenous Fungi from Zea mays as Potential Plant Growth Promoter

Oluwafemi Olatise¹, Olaleke David Odeleye², Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon*^{3, 4}, Victoria Anatolyivna Tsygankova⁴

1 Department of Biology Science, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria; 2 Department of Environmental Science, National Open University of Nigeria, Nigeria; 3 Department of Biological Sciences, KolaDaisi University, Ibadan, Nigeria; 4 Department for Chemistry of Bioactive Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds, V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of the Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, East Europe

*Corresponding Author: ao_adejuwon@yahoo.ca

Abstract: In this study we investigated the potential of indigenous fungi isolated from maize (Zea mays) as plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) and their efficacy in inhibiting the maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides. Various isolates were examined for their antagonistic properties, impact on maize seed germination, seedling growth, and potential necrotic effects. Among the tested isolates, ELIZA3, ELIZA4, and ELIZA2 exhibited the highest inhibition rates on Fusarium verticillioides, achieving 65%, 68%, and 60% inhibition, respectively. These results highlight their strong antagonistic properties. The impact on maize seed germination and growth was significant across all isolates compared to the control, which had an 85% germination rate. Notably, ELIZA3 and ELIZA4 achieved the highest germination rates at 95% and 96%, respectively. Furthermore, the isolates positively influenced the growth of both plumule and radicle. ELIZA4 led to the longest plumule (8.0 cm) and radicle lengths (7.0 cm), suggesting enhanced seedling vigor and field establishment potential. Additionally, root development was significantly increased in treated samples, with ELIZA3 and ELIZA4 showing a notable increase in the number of roots (4 roots per seedling). Crucially, none of the isolates caused necrosis in the maize seedlings, ensuring their compatibility with plant tissues and underscoring their safety as bioinoculants. The findings demonstrate that indigenous fungi isolated from maize possess substantial potential as plant growth promoters. The isolates ELIZA2, ELIZA3, and ELIZA4, in particular, showed remarkable efficacy in promoting seed germination, enhancing seedling growth, and suppressing Fusarium verticillioides. These attributes position them as promising candidates for sustainable agricultural practices aimed at improving maize crop performance and resilience. This study underscores the importance of harnessing indigenous fungal resources for enhancing crop growth and protection in an environmentally friendly manner.

[Oluwafemi Olatise, Olaleke David Odeleye, Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon. Indigenous Fungi from Zea mays as Potential Plant Growth Promoter. Victoria Anatolyivna Tsygankova. Rep Opinion 2025;17(8):72-79]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 04. doi:10.7537/marsroj170825.04

Keywords: Maize;  Fungi; Plant Growth Promoter; Indigenous; Fusarium verticilliodes

Full Text

4

5

RIEMANN HYPOTHESIS AND ISOMATHEMATICS

Laurent Schadeck

Abstract: No one ignores that the study of prime numbers involved the greatest mathematicians throughout the times since Euclid and Euler. All the mathematical entities are said to come from the natural integers, which are without doubt the most fundamental of them. (Obviously no one ignores the words of Gauss and Euler about them).

[Laurent Schadeck. RIEMANN HYPOTHESIS AND ISOMATHEMATICS. Rep Opinion 2025;17(8):80-81]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 05. doi:10.7537/marsroj170825.05

Keywords: prime number; mathematician; Euclid; Euler; natural integer; Gauss

Full Text

5