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ABATTOIR BASED PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS FOR CYSTICERCUS BOVIS AND ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUTE AND PRACTICES AT MODJO MUNICIPALITY ABATTOIR, EAST SHOA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA

Abe Reta,  Hissa Dingeta,  and Asmamaw Aki *

Arsi University, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, abereta12683772@gmail.com)

*Assosa,  Regional Animal Health Diagnostic  and Research  Laboratory, cell phone +251902330029, P.O. BOX 326, asmamawaki@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: Bovine Cysticercosis remains a major public and animal health problem and it is a worldwide zoonotic disease which is very common in developing countries and endemic in central and East African countries like Ethiopia, Kenya and Zaire. A cross-sectional study was carried out from November, 2024 to September, 2025 on bovine cysticercosis at Modjo Municipal Abattoir with the objectives of estimating the prevalence of Cysticercus bovis (C. bovis), assessing some of the associated risk factors with the existence of the disease and assessing the community’s awareness (KAP) level on the disease. A total of 384 animals those come from different area of the district were examined for the presence of C. bovis at Modjo municipal abattoir. Systematic random sampling technique was used to include those study animals from the study population presented for slaughter purpose to the abattoir. The examination was through incising into tongue, heart, liver, masseter muscle, brachial muscle and triceps muscles. All collected data were entered into Microsoft excel spread sheet, filtered and coded then analyzed by using SPSS Version 20 statistical software to see the associations between prevalence of the disease and independent variables which are study risk factors based on their Odd ratio and p-value. Out of the total 384 animals examined in this study, 28 were positive for C. bovis, yielding an overall prevalence of 7.3% (95% CI: 4.89-10.85). The highest prevalence (55.6%) was recorded in animals with poor body condition and the distribution of infection in cattle according to origin was highest in cattle from Koka (8.9%) followed by Adama (8.2%) and Maki (7.4%), respectively. The highest number of cyst were obtained from tongue of affected animals 9 (2.3%) and the lowest number from heart 4 (1.04%). Out of the 100 study participants, 82% said they had previously heard of taeniasis and 76% said they knew the cause of tape worm infection, while 24% said they didn't know the cause of taeniasis. Based on the findings of the research, appropriate preventive and control measures must be taken and awareness creation pertaining to the study area should be undertaken through appropriate media.

[Abe Reta,  Hissa Dingeta,  and Asmamaw Aki. ABATTOIR BASED PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS FOR CYSTICERCUS BOVIS AND ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNITY KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUTE AND PRACTICES AT MODJO MUNICIPALITY ABATTOIR, EAST SHOA ZONE, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA. Researcher 2026;18(9):1-16]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 01. doi:10.7537/marsrsj180926.01

Key words: Abattoir; Cross sectional; C. bovis; KAP; Modjo; Odd ratio; Prevalence.

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Ecocritical Prospective in Poetry

Bhupinder  Kaur

W.no 10,H.no 327, Gurdiyal Singh colony, Indri Karnal-132041 (Haryana)

Email- jagnoor9253471593.JS@gmail.com

Abstract: Ecocriticism has been a significant field of study since the last decade of the twentieth century. The chief focus of ecocriticism is the relationship man shares with nature. With the increasing crisis in ecology, it becomes important to study human-nature relationships more closely. It is known to all that the nineteenth century English romantic poets gave utmost importance on nature and have explored various shades of nature in their poetry. Among the nineteenth century romantics, William Wordsworth has explored nature in a more interesting way and has considered it as a separate entity. This paper is an attempt to study a few selected poems of William Wordsworth from an ecocritical perspective. A green literary text or an eco-poem is the wisdom of understanding human through nature. Green discourse is the need of the hour. Environmental chaos has given birth to the reinvention of glorified nature. Its purpose is to bring human beings from their insensitiveness towards nature. As a critical stance, it has one foot in literature and the other on land; as a theoretical discourse it negotiates between human and non-human. It aims to explore the environmental dimensions of literature. Although literature has dealt with environmental concerns since antiquity, it has never been has explored with such urgency as it is done today. The paper seeks to explore select poems in Indian English literature from an eco-critical perspective. Although there has been many poems in Indian English literature which deals explicitly with the nature, the attitude towards nature in those poems were that of pastoral impulse, an aesthetic appreciation of nature or a philosophical and mystical attitude towards nature. This paper makes an eco-critical analysis of select Indian English poems to give vent to eco terrorism and the general deterioration of the earth’s environment.

[Bhupinder  Kaur. Ecocritical Prospective in Poetry. Researcher 2026;18(9):17-20]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 02. doi:10.7537/marsrsj180926.02

Keywords: ecocriticism; ecology; romantic poetry; nature; human

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Review On Trypanocidal Drugs Resistance In Bovine And Its Management

Eyachew Ayana

Bahirdar Animal Health Investigation And Diagnostic Laboratory, P.O.Box 70, Bahirdar, Ethiopia

eyuelayana83@gmail.com

Abstract: Livestock are of enormous importance in Africa, economically for nutritional and agricultural purposes as well as socially. But trypanosomosis is a major constraint to livestock production in sub Saharan Africa. The distribution of the disease is influenced by the existence of tsetse and other biting flies. Tsetse transmitted trypanosomosis is encountered in many parts of Africa including Ethiopia. In those tsetse’s infested African countries trypanocidal drugs (isometamidium chloride, homidium salt and diaminazene aceturate) remain the principal means of animal trypanosomosis control. However, there is a growing problem that their future effectiveness may be severely reduced by widespread drug resistance, because it is very unlikely that new trypanocidal drugs will be released in to the market in the near future. So it is essential to maintain the efficacy of currently available drugs. To make this real it is important knowing the mechanisms of drug resistance, make proper detection of drug resistance by testing in ruminants, in mice, in vitro and molecular tests, and followed by the right methods to delay the development of drug resistance like use of the correct dose, changing of drugs, sanative pair treatment, increased dosage and repeative treatment, avoid the use of quinapyramine. If once trypanocidal drug resistance appear allowing integrated control measures such as reducing vector numbers to reduce the number of drug treatment will be important.

[Eyachew Ayana. Review On Trypanocidal Drugs Resistance In Bovine And Its Management. Researcher 2026;18(9):21-37]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 03. doi:10.7537/marsrsj180926.03

Keywords: Trypanosomosis; Isometamidium chloride; Diaminazene aceturate; Homidium salts; Drug resistance

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India is currently entering the “Heavy Rains & Floods Era” : Assessing its impacts & strategies on the Tourism and Hospitality sector

Gangadhar

H.No.5-30-4/1, Saibabanagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, India-500055

Email:  gangadhar19582058@gmail.com

Abstract:  What is the future of India's monsoonal climate changes and natural calamities going to be like in the coming years and decades?  Here is an important point to bring to the notice of Indian governments, scientists, engineers, officers, farmers, people, and various sectors, schemes, and plans, just like the present subject, the Tourism & Hospitality sector, to be aware of one thing.  According to the Indian Monsoon Time Scale, invented by me, India is currently rapidly entering the throes  of the “Heavy Rains & Floods Era.” As a result, India is going to be plagued by heavy rains and floods until around 2070. These conditions now rose and peaked around 2045 and then began to subside by 2070. However, this does not mean that floods occur in all years. There are more flood years and fewer drought years. I have conducted extensive studies on all aspects of the monsoonal climate changes that are going to occur in the coming years and decades and the catastrophic situations that will arise in the broader sectors, plans, schemes, etc. just like the present  Tourism & Hospitality sector due to these monsoonal climate changes that are likely to occur in the coming seasons, and based on these studies, I have made some suggestions regarding the preventive strategies that need to be adopted in accordance with those circumstances. Therefore, if there are any useful aspects in these proposals, the Tourism & Hospitality sector can take them into consideration and implement them more effectively.          

[Gangadhar. India is currently entering the “Heavy Rains & Floods Era” : Assessing its impacts & strategies on the Tourism and Hospitality sector. Researcher 2026;18(9):38-196]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 04. doi:10.7537/marsrsj180926.04  

Keywords:  Ecological Forecasting Time Scales (1965-70);  A New Model of Cosmology (1970-80); Basics of Geoscope (1980-87); Basics of Monsoon Time Scales (1987-91); Astro-Climatic Numerical Periodic Tables (1991-2000); Designs of Geoscope(2000-2015); Designs of Global Monsoon Time Scales (2015-still)

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